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morning I'm Don savage and NASA public

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morning I'm Don savage and NASA public
 

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morning I'm Don savage and NASA public
affairs officer space science welcome

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affairs officer space science welcome
 

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affairs officer space science welcome
today to the beginning of day two of the

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today to the beginning of day two of the
 

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today to the beginning of day two of the
world's watching the comet impacting

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world's watching the comet impacting
 

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world's watching the comet impacting
Jupiter following a very successful

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Jupiter following a very successful
 

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Jupiter following a very successful
first night of observing we're here at

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first night of observing we're here at
 

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first night of observing we're here at
the Goddard Space Flight Center and

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the Goddard Space Flight Center and
 

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the Goddard Space Flight Center and
Maryland today and with us we will have

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Maryland today and with us we will have
 

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Maryland today and with us we will have
some panelists discuss the results of

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some panelists discuss the results of
 

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some panelists discuss the results of
last night's observing from around the

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last night's observing from around the
 

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last night's observing from around the
world and from the Hubble telescope I'd

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world and from the Hubble telescope I'd
 

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world and from the Hubble telescope I'd
like to introduce first of all Jean

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like to introduce first of all Jean
 

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like to introduce first of all Jean
shoemaker who was a astronomer with

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shoemaker who was a astronomer with
 

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shoemaker who was a astronomer with
Lowell Observatory and a professor with

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Lowell Observatory and a professor with
 

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Lowell Observatory and a professor with
the US Geological Survey to his left his

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the US Geological Survey to his left his
 

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the US Geological Survey to his left his
wife Carolyn shoemaker also an

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wife Carolyn shoemaker also an
 

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wife Carolyn shoemaker also an
astronomer with the US Geological Survey

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astronomer with the US Geological Survey
 

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astronomer with the US Geological Survey
and the Lowell Observatory to my

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and the Lowell Observatory to my
 

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and the Lowell Observatory to my
immediate left David Levy amateur

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immediate left David Levy amateur
 

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immediate left David Levy amateur
astronomer and author and co-discoverer

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astronomer and author and co-discoverer
 

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astronomer and author and co-discoverer
with the shoemaker's of this connor and

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with the shoemaker's of this connor and
 

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with the shoemaker's of this connor and
to his left we have Heidi Hammel from

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to his left we have Heidi Hammel from
 

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to his left we have Heidi Hammel from
massachusetts institute of technology

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massachusetts institute of technology
 

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massachusetts institute of technology
with the Space Telescope Science

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with the Space Telescope Science
 

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with the Space Telescope Science
Institute imaging team and I'd like to

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Institute imaging team and I'd like to
 

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Institute imaging team and I'd like to
start off with Jean shoemaker thanks Don

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start off with Jean shoemaker thanks Don
 

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start off with Jean shoemaker thanks Don
well many of you know we had an

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well many of you know we had an
 

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well many of you know we had an
absolutely incredible night last night

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absolutely incredible night last night
 

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absolutely incredible night last night
when we knew for the first time they

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when we knew for the first time they
 

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when we knew for the first time they
were we were really going to see some

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were we were really going to see some
 

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were we were really going to see some
exciting results the first tense came in

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exciting results the first tense came in
 

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exciting results the first tense came in
from Colorado Spain and from la SIA and

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from Colorado Spain and from la SIA and
 

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from Colorado Spain and from la SIA and
Chile and just about the time we were

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Chile and just about the time we were
 

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Chile and just about the time we were
giving our first announcement I'm not

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giving our first announcement I'm not
 

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giving our first announcement I'm not
Heidi came up from the bowels of the

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Heidi came up from the bowels of the
 

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Heidi came up from the bowels of the
Space Telescope Science Institute waving

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Space Telescope Science Institute waving
 

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Space Telescope Science Institute waving
a picture and showing that indeed Hubble

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a picture and showing that indeed Hubble
 

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a picture and showing that indeed Hubble
was producing fantastic images so how

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was producing fantastic images so how
 

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was producing fantastic images so how
he's going to tell you into some detail

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he's going to tell you into some detail
 

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he's going to tell you into some detail
now about that a little bit later to

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now about that a little bit later to
 

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now about that a little bit later to
bring you up to date fragments ABC and D

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bring you up to date fragments ABC and D
 

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bring you up to date fragments ABC and D
have now all hit the planet there are

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have now all hit the planet there are
 

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have now all hit the planet there are
observations on the first three of these

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observations on the first three of these
 

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observations on the first three of these
that will be able to report on D has

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that will be able to report on D has
 

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that will be able to report on D has
just come down this morning and we're

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just come down this morning and we're
 

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just come down this morning and we're
not quite ready to give you any up

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not quite ready to give you any up
 

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not quite ready to give you any up
on that we're going to have observations

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on that we're going to have observations
 

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on that we're going to have observations
on we'll show you an observation from

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on we'll show you an observation from
 

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on we'll show you an observation from
Sarah to low low in Chile the

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Sarah to low low in Chile the
 

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Sarah to low low in Chile the
inter-american Observatory in Chile and

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inter-american Observatory in Chile and
 

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inter-american Observatory in Chile and
we have reports that are coming up then

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we have reports that are coming up then
 

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we have reports that are coming up then
from the NASA infrared telescope

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from the NASA infrared telescope
 

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from the NASA infrared telescope
facility and from the Keck Observatory

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facility and from the Keck Observatory
 

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facility and from the Keck Observatory
on Mauna Kea in Hawaii but first Heidi

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on Mauna Kea in Hawaii but first Heidi
 

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on Mauna Kea in Hawaii but first Heidi
will tell you about all the excitement

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will tell you about all the excitement
 

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will tell you about all the excitement
that was happening at the Space

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that was happening at the Space
 

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that was happening at the Space
Telescope Science Institute last night

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Telescope Science Institute last night
 

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Telescope Science Institute last night
Heidi Thank You gene it was indeed very

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Heidi Thank You gene it was indeed very
 

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Heidi Thank You gene it was indeed very
exciting I think we were all incredibly

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exciting I think we were all incredibly
 

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exciting I think we were all incredibly
astonished at what we saw last night and

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astonished at what we saw last night and
 

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astonished at what we saw last night and
I'm not going to waste any time i'm

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I'm not going to waste any time i'm
 

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I'm not going to waste any time i'm
going to show you that first image again

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going to show you that first image again
 

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going to show you that first image again
this is a 4 10 nanometers that's four

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this is a 4 10 nanometers that's four
 

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this is a 4 10 nanometers that's four
thousand angstroms blue wavelengths you

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thousand angstroms blue wavelengths you
 

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thousand angstroms blue wavelengths you
can see jupiter on the right and what

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can see jupiter on the right and what
 

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can see jupiter on the right and what
you see on the left is a blow-up of the

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you see on the left is a blow-up of the
 

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you see on the left is a blow-up of the
impact site from fragment a this is the

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impact site from fragment a this is the
 

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impact site from fragment a this is the
first feature that went into the plant

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first feature that went into the plant
 

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first feature that went into the plant
the first large fragment that went into

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the first large fragment that went into
 

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the first large fragment that went into
the planet you can see the blue

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the planet you can see the blue
 

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the planet you can see the blue
wavelengths that it is very dark very

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wavelengths that it is very dark very
 

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wavelengths that it is very dark very
dark indeed we're speculating at this

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dark indeed we're speculating at this
 

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dark indeed we're speculating at this
point as to our that might be we think

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point as to our that might be we think
 

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point as to our that might be we think
that possibly what we're mostly seeing

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that possibly what we're mostly seeing
 

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that possibly what we're mostly seeing
is cometary material at this point

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is cometary material at this point
 

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is cometary material at this point
because comets are very dark too I

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because comets are very dark too I
 

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because comets are very dark too I
expected to see a bright future myself

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expected to see a bright future myself
 

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expected to see a bright future myself
so I was a little bit surprised to see

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so I was a little bit surprised to see
 

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so I was a little bit surprised to see
this lovely black splotch on Jupiter it

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this lovely black splotch on Jupiter it
 

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this lovely black splotch on Jupiter it
looks somewhat like a streak there in

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looks somewhat like a streak there in
 

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looks somewhat like a streak there in
the center we're beginning to think that

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the center we're beginning to think that
 

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the center we're beginning to think that
perhaps that's just a projection effect

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perhaps that's just a projection effect
 

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perhaps that's just a projection effect
we think when we do the measurements of

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we think when we do the measurements of
 

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we think when we do the measurements of
that outer Oriole perhaps that's the

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that outer Oriole perhaps that's the
 

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that outer Oriole perhaps that's the
wood we might use and measure the

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wood we might use and measure the
 

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wood we might use and measure the
latitudes and longitudes very carefully

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latitudes and longitudes very carefully
 

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latitudes and longitudes very carefully
it appears that that larger spreading is

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it appears that that larger spreading is
 

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it appears that that larger spreading is
circular and then it only looks like

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circular and then it only looks like
 

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circular and then it only looks like
like that your lips because it's down

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like that your lips because it's down
 

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like that your lips because it's down
near the edge of the planet at same for

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near the edge of the planet at same for
 

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near the edge of the planet at same for
that central streak we're not sure

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that central streak we're not sure
 

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that central streak we're not sure
exactly what the size of that is to give

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exactly what the size of that is to give
 

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exactly what the size of that is to give
you a scale that box the blow-up box is

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you a scale that box the blow-up box is
 

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you a scale that box the blow-up box is
to earth diameters so that feature is a

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to earth diameters so that feature is a
 

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to earth diameters so that feature is a
good good fraction of the size of the

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good good fraction of the size of the
 

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good good fraction of the size of the
earth we can be very good

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earth we can be very good
 

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earth we can be very good
add that this comment was heading for

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add that this comment was heading for
 

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add that this comment was heading for
Jupiter not the earth now the next way

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Jupiter not the earth now the next way
 

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Jupiter not the earth now the next way
image that I'll show you is that a very

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image that I'll show you is that a very
 

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image that I'll show you is that a very
different wavelength this is it's a red

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different wavelength this is it's a red
 

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different wavelength this is it's a red
wavelengths which showed the next image

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wavelengths which showed the next image
 

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wavelengths which showed the next image
m ec inverts this is a very strong

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m ec inverts this is a very strong
 

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m ec inverts this is a very strong
methane band nine thousand angstroms

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methane band nine thousand angstroms
 

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methane band nine thousand angstroms
methane is a molecule that absorbs

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methane is a molecule that absorbs
 

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methane is a molecule that absorbs
photons very efficiently and so Jupiter

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photons very efficiently and so Jupiter
 

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photons very efficiently and so Jupiter
is very dark the only place that jupiter

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is very dark the only place that jupiter
 

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is very dark the only place that jupiter
is bright at this wavelength is where

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is bright at this wavelength is where
 

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is bright at this wavelength is where
you have particles at high altitudes you

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you have particles at high altitudes you
 

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you have particles at high altitudes you
can see the Great Red Spot very clearly

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can see the Great Red Spot very clearly
 

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can see the Great Red Spot very clearly
it's a high altitude feature it's bright

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it's a high altitude feature it's bright
 

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it's a high altitude feature it's bright
the poles are bright now look at the

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the poles are bright now look at the
 

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the poles are bright now look at the
comet site it's right that was likely to

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comet site it's right that was likely to
 

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comet site it's right that was likely to
mean it's a high altitude feature so

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mean it's a high altitude feature so
 

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mean it's a high altitude feature so
that was very interesting to see at all

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that was very interesting to see at all
 

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that was very interesting to see at all
the other wavelengths that feature was

232
00:05:32,350 --> 00:05:32,360
the other wavelengths that feature was
 

233
00:05:32,360 --> 00:05:36,100
the other wavelengths that feature was
dark that would clarify that at all the

234
00:05:36,100 --> 00:05:36,110
dark that would clarify that at all the
 

235
00:05:36,110 --> 00:05:38,020
dark that would clarify that at all the
wavelengths that Hubble was observing

236
00:05:38,020 --> 00:05:38,030
wavelengths that Hubble was observing
 

237
00:05:38,030 --> 00:05:41,710
wavelengths that Hubble was observing
the visual the ultraviolet and even nine

238
00:05:41,710 --> 00:05:41,720
the visual the ultraviolet and even nine
 

239
00:05:41,720 --> 00:05:44,050
the visual the ultraviolet and even nine
thousand five hundred angstroms it was

240
00:05:44,050 --> 00:05:44,060
thousand five hundred angstroms it was
 

241
00:05:44,060 --> 00:05:46,810
thousand five hundred angstroms it was
dark it's bright in the methane band and

242
00:05:46,810 --> 00:05:46,820
dark it's bright in the methane band and
 

243
00:05:46,820 --> 00:05:48,250
dark it's bright in the methane band and
it's bright in the infrared observations

244
00:05:48,250 --> 00:05:48,260
it's bright in the infrared observations
 

245
00:05:48,260 --> 00:05:51,430
it's bright in the infrared observations
that will hear about later now I would

246
00:05:51,430 --> 00:05:51,440
that will hear about later now I would
 

247
00:05:51,440 --> 00:05:53,200
that will hear about later now I would
like to show you one of the most

248
00:05:53,200 --> 00:05:53,210
like to show you one of the most
 

249
00:05:53,210 --> 00:05:55,440
like to show you one of the most
exciting things that we saw last night

250
00:05:55,440 --> 00:05:55,450
exciting things that we saw last night
 

251
00:05:55,450 --> 00:05:58,270
exciting things that we saw last night
absolutely knocked our socks off and we

252
00:05:58,270 --> 00:05:58,280
absolutely knocked our socks off and we
 

253
00:05:58,280 --> 00:06:01,629
absolutely knocked our socks off and we
saw this this is a plume sequence and

254
00:06:01,629 --> 00:06:01,639
saw this this is a plume sequence and
 

255
00:06:01,639 --> 00:06:03,310
saw this this is a plume sequence and
you can see this is hot off the press

256
00:06:03,310 --> 00:06:03,320
you can see this is hot off the press
 

257
00:06:03,320 --> 00:06:05,110
you can see this is hot off the press
and we're just taking a picture of a

258
00:06:05,110 --> 00:06:05,120
and we're just taking a picture of a
 

259
00:06:05,120 --> 00:06:07,659
and we're just taking a picture of a
laser copy hold up it's a sequence from

260
00:06:07,659 --> 00:06:07,669
laser copy hold up it's a sequence from
 

261
00:06:07,669 --> 00:06:10,540
laser copy hold up it's a sequence from
top to bottom in the first image the

262
00:06:10,540 --> 00:06:10,550
top to bottom in the first image the
 

263
00:06:10,550 --> 00:06:14,620
top to bottom in the first image the
impact has not occurred at 2018 a has

264
00:06:14,620 --> 00:06:14,630
impact has not occurred at 2018 a has
 

265
00:06:14,630 --> 00:06:16,930
impact has not occurred at 2018 a has
gone in and sent out a fireball that

266
00:06:16,930 --> 00:06:16,940
gone in and sent out a fireball that
 

267
00:06:16,940 --> 00:06:19,480
gone in and sent out a fireball that
extends beyond the limb of the planet

268
00:06:19,480 --> 00:06:19,490
extends beyond the limb of the planet
 

269
00:06:19,490 --> 00:06:21,520
extends beyond the limb of the planet
you can see a clear separation between

270
00:06:21,520 --> 00:06:21,530
you can see a clear separation between
 

271
00:06:21,530 --> 00:06:24,700
you can see a clear separation between
that fireball and the Terminator of

272
00:06:24,700 --> 00:06:24,710
that fireball and the Terminator of
 

273
00:06:24,710 --> 00:06:27,640
that fireball and the Terminator of
Jupiter and we think at this point that

274
00:06:27,640 --> 00:06:27,650
Jupiter and we think at this point that
 

275
00:06:27,650 --> 00:06:29,860
Jupiter and we think at this point that
we're seeing the shadow of Jupiter on

276
00:06:29,860 --> 00:06:29,870
we're seeing the shadow of Jupiter on
 

277
00:06:29,870 --> 00:06:32,800
we're seeing the shadow of Jupiter on
the fireball and the third image you can

278
00:06:32,800 --> 00:06:32,810
the fireball and the third image you can
 

279
00:06:32,810 --> 00:06:35,290
the fireball and the third image you can
see that this fireball is spreading the

280
00:06:35,290 --> 00:06:35,300
see that this fireball is spreading the
 

281
00:06:35,300 --> 00:06:37,270
see that this fireball is spreading the
fourth image is spreading even more and

282
00:06:37,270 --> 00:06:37,280
fourth image is spreading even more and
 

283
00:06:37,280 --> 00:06:39,310
fourth image is spreading even more and
in the bottom image it's a flat little

284
00:06:39,310 --> 00:06:39,320
in the bottom image it's a flat little
 

285
00:06:39,320 --> 00:06:43,960
in the bottom image it's a flat little
pancake it's absolutely amazing I mean

286
00:06:43,960 --> 00:06:43,970
pancake it's absolutely amazing I mean
 

287
00:06:43,970 --> 00:06:46,719
pancake it's absolutely amazing I mean
there were theories about this but we

288
00:06:46,719 --> 00:06:46,729
there were theories about this but we
 

289
00:06:46,729 --> 00:06:48,040
there were theories about this but we
really didn't in our heart of hearts

290
00:06:48,040 --> 00:06:48,050
really didn't in our heart of hearts
 

291
00:06:48,050 --> 00:06:51,250
really didn't in our heart of hearts
expect to see it in the first impact we

292
00:06:51,250 --> 00:06:51,260
expect to see it in the first impact we
 

293
00:06:51,260 --> 00:06:52,800
expect to see it in the first impact we
are expected to see it at the

294
00:06:52,800 --> 00:06:52,810
are expected to see it at the
 

295
00:06:52,810 --> 00:06:55,110
are expected to see it at the
when we are very close to the limb this

296
00:06:55,110 --> 00:06:55,120
when we are very close to the limb this
 

297
00:06:55,120 --> 00:06:56,909
when we are very close to the limb this
is not particularly close to the limb

298
00:06:56,909 --> 00:06:56,919
is not particularly close to the limb
 

299
00:06:56,919 --> 00:06:59,640
is not particularly close to the limb
this is a massive thing we're talking a

300
00:06:59,640 --> 00:06:59,650
this is a massive thing we're talking a
 

301
00:06:59,650 --> 00:07:02,100
this is a massive thing we're talking a
thousand fifteen hundred kilometers

302
00:07:02,100 --> 00:07:02,110
thousand fifteen hundred kilometers
 

303
00:07:02,110 --> 00:07:05,280
thousand fifteen hundred kilometers
above the limb of Jupiter so that's

304
00:07:05,280 --> 00:07:05,290
above the limb of Jupiter so that's
 

305
00:07:05,290 --> 00:07:06,720
above the limb of Jupiter so that's
pretty astounding we are just

306
00:07:06,720 --> 00:07:06,730
pretty astounding we are just
 

307
00:07:06,730 --> 00:07:10,770
pretty astounding we are just
flabbergasted so I also have a video of

308
00:07:10,770 --> 00:07:10,780
flabbergasted so I also have a video of
 

309
00:07:10,780 --> 00:07:13,770
flabbergasted so I also have a video of
Hubble images that are taking pre impact

310
00:07:13,770 --> 00:07:13,780
Hubble images that are taking pre impact
 

311
00:07:13,780 --> 00:07:15,659
Hubble images that are taking pre impact
and I'm showing you this so that you can

312
00:07:15,659 --> 00:07:15,669
and I'm showing you this so that you can
 

313
00:07:15,669 --> 00:07:17,460
and I'm showing you this so that you can
see the kind of detail that's on Jupiter

314
00:07:17,460 --> 00:07:17,470
see the kind of detail that's on Jupiter
 

315
00:07:17,470 --> 00:07:20,730
see the kind of detail that's on Jupiter
already and also to set you up because

316
00:07:20,730 --> 00:07:20,740
already and also to set you up because
 

317
00:07:20,740 --> 00:07:22,740
already and also to set you up because
one week from now we're going to give

318
00:07:22,740 --> 00:07:22,750
one week from now we're going to give
 

319
00:07:22,750 --> 00:07:24,990
one week from now we're going to give
you another movie showing what Jupiter

320
00:07:24,990 --> 00:07:25,000
you another movie showing what Jupiter
 

321
00:07:25,000 --> 00:07:27,719
you another movie showing what Jupiter
looks like after the impacts and that

322
00:07:27,719 --> 00:07:27,729
looks like after the impacts and that
 

323
00:07:27,729 --> 00:07:30,330
looks like after the impacts and that
will be a very interesting comparison so

324
00:07:30,330 --> 00:07:30,340
will be a very interesting comparison so
 

325
00:07:30,340 --> 00:07:33,120
will be a very interesting comparison so
if we can run this video reminder this

326
00:07:33,120 --> 00:07:33,130
if we can run this video reminder this
 

327
00:07:33,130 --> 00:07:35,129
if we can run this video reminder this
is a pre impact video just to show you

328
00:07:35,129 --> 00:07:35,139
is a pre impact video just to show you
 

329
00:07:35,139 --> 00:07:37,740
is a pre impact video just to show you
the amazing quality of the images from

330
00:07:37,740 --> 00:07:37,750
the amazing quality of the images from
 

331
00:07:37,750 --> 00:07:39,659
the amazing quality of the images from
the Hubble Space Telescope after its

332
00:07:39,659 --> 00:07:39,669
the Hubble Space Telescope after its
 

333
00:07:39,669 --> 00:07:41,640
the Hubble Space Telescope after its
refurbishment mission this is the wide

334
00:07:41,640 --> 00:07:41,650
refurbishment mission this is the wide
 

335
00:07:41,650 --> 00:07:44,010
refurbishment mission this is the wide
field camera we will also be taking

336
00:07:44,010 --> 00:07:44,020
field camera we will also be taking
 

337
00:07:44,020 --> 00:07:46,140
field camera we will also be taking
close-up views of the impact sites in

338
00:07:46,140 --> 00:07:46,150
close-up views of the impact sites in
 

339
00:07:46,150 --> 00:07:48,840
close-up views of the impact sites in
the planetary camera which has a factor

340
00:07:48,840 --> 00:07:48,850
the planetary camera which has a factor
 

341
00:07:48,850 --> 00:07:51,690
the planetary camera which has a factor
of 2 greater resolution and I am really

342
00:07:51,690 --> 00:07:51,700
of 2 greater resolution and I am really
 

343
00:07:51,700 --> 00:07:54,379
of 2 greater resolution and I am really
looking forward to seeing those images

344
00:07:54,379 --> 00:07:54,389
looking forward to seeing those images
 

345
00:07:54,389 --> 00:07:59,490
looking forward to seeing those images
thank you ok that's great hiding maybe

346
00:07:59,490 --> 00:07:59,500
thank you ok that's great hiding maybe
 

347
00:07:59,500 --> 00:08:01,110
thank you ok that's great hiding maybe
Kelvin will tell us a little bit about

348
00:08:01,110 --> 00:08:01,120
Kelvin will tell us a little bit about
 

349
00:08:01,120 --> 00:08:03,110
Kelvin will tell us a little bit about
the excitement we were having last night

350
00:08:03,110 --> 00:08:03,120
the excitement we were having last night
 

351
00:08:03,120 --> 00:08:08,700
the excitement we were having last night
all right we have a reaction tape from

352
00:08:08,700 --> 00:08:08,710
all right we have a reaction tape from
 

353
00:08:08,710 --> 00:08:11,430
all right we have a reaction tape from
the OSS that talks about celebration I

354
00:08:11,430 --> 00:08:11,440
the OSS that talks about celebration I
 

355
00:08:11,440 --> 00:08:13,850
the OSS that talks about celebration I
think you know that we just all

356
00:08:13,850 --> 00:08:13,860
think you know that we just all
 

357
00:08:13,860 --> 00:08:16,890
think you know that we just all
literally hit the ceiling when we heard

358
00:08:16,890 --> 00:08:16,900
literally hit the ceiling when we heard
 

359
00:08:16,900 --> 00:08:20,130
literally hit the ceiling when we heard
the results it was too exciting to to

360
00:08:20,130 --> 00:08:20,140
the results it was too exciting to to
 

361
00:08:20,140 --> 00:08:24,510
the results it was too exciting to to
believe and it's something that will

362
00:08:24,510 --> 00:08:24,520
believe and it's something that will
 

363
00:08:24,520 --> 00:08:26,820
believe and it's something that will
always remember the reactions i think

364
00:08:26,820 --> 00:08:26,830
always remember the reactions i think
 

365
00:08:26,830 --> 00:08:29,460
always remember the reactions i think
from all over the world show that

366
00:08:29,460 --> 00:08:29,470
from all over the world show that
 

367
00:08:29,470 --> 00:08:34,020
from all over the world show that
excitement can we have that b roll so

368
00:08:34,020 --> 00:08:34,030
excitement can we have that b roll so
 

369
00:08:34,030 --> 00:08:36,120
excitement can we have that b roll so
it's you can usually see people looking

370
00:08:36,120 --> 00:08:36,130
it's you can usually see people looking
 

371
00:08:36,130 --> 00:08:38,130
it's you can usually see people looking
eagerly to

372
00:08:38,130 --> 00:08:38,140
eagerly to
 

373
00:08:38,140 --> 00:08:42,159
eagerly to
you're tidy examining the image to

374
00:08:42,159 --> 00:08:42,169
you're tidy examining the image to
 

375
00:08:42,169 --> 00:08:48,220
you're tidy examining the image to
select earnestly we all did every single

376
00:08:48,220 --> 00:08:48,230
select earnestly we all did every single
 

377
00:08:48,230 --> 00:08:50,410
select earnestly we all did every single
one of them just have us breathtaking

378
00:08:50,410 --> 00:08:50,420
one of them just have us breathtaking
 

379
00:08:50,420 --> 00:08:55,810
one of them just have us breathtaking
and you there's how we were hard all of

380
00:08:55,810 --> 00:08:55,820
and you there's how we were hard all of
 

381
00:08:55,820 --> 00:08:59,079
and you there's how we were hard all of
the tune universe' there does you can

382
00:08:59,079 --> 00:08:59,089
the tune universe' there does you can
 

383
00:08:59,089 --> 00:09:01,360
the tune universe' there does you can
see these people have worked extremely

384
00:09:01,360 --> 00:09:01,370
see these people have worked extremely
 

385
00:09:01,370 --> 00:09:05,560
see these people have worked extremely
hard get the results and they were all

386
00:09:05,560 --> 00:09:05,570
hard get the results and they were all
 

387
00:09:05,570 --> 00:09:14,230
hard get the results and they were all
filled and we all closes baby hiding is

388
00:09:14,230 --> 00:09:14,240
filled and we all closes baby hiding is
 

389
00:09:14,240 --> 00:09:17,260
filled and we all closes baby hiding is
still excited don't worry I didn't know

390
00:09:17,260 --> 00:09:17,270
still excited don't worry I didn't know
 

391
00:09:17,270 --> 00:09:20,769
still excited don't worry I didn't know
right there what a great time oh great

392
00:09:20,769 --> 00:09:20,779
right there what a great time oh great
 

393
00:09:20,779 --> 00:09:26,829
right there what a great time oh great
Alyssa Vita hasn't moved she's still

394
00:09:26,829 --> 00:09:26,839
Alyssa Vita hasn't moved she's still
 

395
00:09:26,839 --> 00:09:34,930
Alyssa Vita hasn't moved she's still
looking puzzled the infamous bottle of

396
00:09:34,930 --> 00:09:34,940
looking puzzled the infamous bottle of
 

397
00:09:34,940 --> 00:09:41,079
looking puzzled the infamous bottle of
champagne Lewis was martyred everyone

398
00:09:41,079 --> 00:09:41,089
champagne Lewis was martyred everyone
 

399
00:09:41,089 --> 00:09:44,020
champagne Lewis was martyred everyone
was ready to celebrate ok that's

400
00:09:44,020 --> 00:09:44,030
was ready to celebrate ok that's
 

401
00:09:44,030 --> 00:09:49,270
was ready to celebrate ok that's
wonderful killed well David let's let's

402
00:09:49,270 --> 00:09:49,280
wonderful killed well David let's let's
 

403
00:09:49,280 --> 00:09:50,770
wonderful killed well David let's let's
hear about some of the other early

404
00:09:50,770 --> 00:09:50,780
hear about some of the other early
 

405
00:09:50,780 --> 00:09:53,320
hear about some of the other early
reports ok yeah Heidi we have to work on

406
00:09:53,320 --> 00:09:53,330
reports ok yeah Heidi we have to work on
 

407
00:09:53,330 --> 00:09:58,900
reports ok yeah Heidi we have to work on
getting a little more enthusiastic well

408
00:09:58,900 --> 00:09:58,910
getting a little more enthusiastic well
 

409
00:09:58,910 --> 00:10:00,490
getting a little more enthusiastic well
I thought we would have to make stuff up

410
00:10:00,490 --> 00:10:00,500
I thought we would have to make stuff up
 

411
00:10:00,500 --> 00:10:01,870
I thought we would have to make stuff up
and i don't know if i'm going to say

412
00:10:01,870 --> 00:10:01,880
and i don't know if i'm going to say
 

413
00:10:01,880 --> 00:10:04,210
and i don't know if i'm going to say
everything that I need to say we started

414
00:10:04,210 --> 00:10:04,220
everything that I need to say we started
 

415
00:10:04,220 --> 00:10:07,060
everything that I need to say we started
observing getting observations from

416
00:10:07,060 --> 00:10:07,070
observing getting observations from
 

417
00:10:07,070 --> 00:10:09,730
observing getting observations from
Keller alto and Spain impact a was

418
00:10:09,730 --> 00:10:09,740
Keller alto and Spain impact a was
 

419
00:10:09,740 --> 00:10:12,460
Keller alto and Spain impact a was
observed with the 3.5 liter telescope

420
00:10:12,460 --> 00:10:12,470
observed with the 3.5 liter telescope
 

421
00:10:12,470 --> 00:10:16,120
observed with the 3.5 liter telescope
there the plume appeared now the the

422
00:10:16,120 --> 00:10:16,130
there the plume appeared now the the
 

423
00:10:16,130 --> 00:10:19,690
there the plume appeared now the the
observation of a plume is absolutely

424
00:10:19,690 --> 00:10:19,700
observation of a plume is absolutely
 

425
00:10:19,700 --> 00:10:22,210
observation of a plume is absolutely
amazing it was as Heidi said it was not

426
00:10:22,210 --> 00:10:22,220
amazing it was as Heidi said it was not
 

427
00:10:22,220 --> 00:10:24,970
amazing it was as Heidi said it was not
expected for this fragment this the

428
00:10:24,970 --> 00:10:24,980
expected for this fragment this the
 

429
00:10:24,980 --> 00:10:27,280
expected for this fragment this the
later ones especially w at the end is

430
00:10:27,280 --> 00:10:27,290
later ones especially w at the end is
 

431
00:10:27,290 --> 00:10:29,380
later ones especially w at the end is
going to be really quite close to the

432
00:10:29,380 --> 00:10:29,390
going to be really quite close to the
 

433
00:10:29,390 --> 00:10:31,480
going to be really quite close to the
limb and to get so much from this first

434
00:10:31,480 --> 00:10:31,490
limb and to get so much from this first
 

435
00:10:31,490 --> 00:10:34,000
limb and to get so much from this first
little impact I'm wondering if we could

436
00:10:34,000 --> 00:10:34,010
little impact I'm wondering if we could
 

437
00:10:34,010 --> 00:10:36,070
little impact I'm wondering if we could
take a look at that picture of the comet

438
00:10:36,070 --> 00:10:36,080
take a look at that picture of the comet
 

439
00:10:36,080 --> 00:10:39,550
take a look at that picture of the comet
behind us with a over there look look

440
00:10:39,550 --> 00:10:39,560
behind us with a over there look look
 

441
00:10:39,560 --> 00:10:41,710
behind us with a over there look look
how small rod is compared to what's

442
00:10:41,710 --> 00:10:41,720
how small rod is compared to what's
 

443
00:10:41,720 --> 00:10:44,500
how small rod is compared to what's
coming later on I mean look at G over

444
00:10:44,500 --> 00:10:44,510
coming later on I mean look at G over
 

445
00:10:44,510 --> 00:10:48,250
coming later on I mean look at G over
here I mean where this is just the the

446
00:10:48,250 --> 00:10:48,260
here I mean where this is just the the
 

447
00:10:48,260 --> 00:10:50,940
here I mean where this is just the the
Orchestra warming up

448
00:10:50,940 --> 00:10:50,950
Orchestra warming up
 

449
00:10:50,950 --> 00:10:53,800
Orchestra warming up
so from La Palma with the two point

450
00:10:53,800 --> 00:10:53,810
so from La Palma with the two point
 

451
00:10:53,810 --> 00:10:57,820
so from La Palma with the two point
meter telescope there were they the

452
00:10:57,820 --> 00:10:57,830
meter telescope there were they the
 

453
00:10:57,830 --> 00:11:01,480
meter telescope there were they the
impact site was visible sorry Mel the

454
00:11:01,480 --> 00:11:01,490
impact site was visible sorry Mel the
 

455
00:11:01,490 --> 00:11:03,250
impact site was visible sorry Mel the
impact site was visible in images

456
00:11:03,250 --> 00:11:03,260
impact site was visible in images
 

457
00:11:03,260 --> 00:11:04,900
impact site was visible in images
obtained with the one meter capoten

458
00:11:04,900 --> 00:11:04,910
obtained with the one meter capoten
 

459
00:11:04,910 --> 00:11:09,820
obtained with the one meter capoten
telescope from La Palma there is a

460
00:11:09,820 --> 00:11:09,830
telescope from La Palma there is a
 

461
00:11:09,830 --> 00:11:12,810
telescope from La Palma there is a
report that if concern confirmed is

462
00:11:12,810 --> 00:11:12,820
report that if concern confirmed is
 

463
00:11:12,820 --> 00:11:15,970
report that if concern confirmed is
really interesting of a visual sighting

464
00:11:15,970 --> 00:11:15,980
really interesting of a visual sighting
 

465
00:11:15,980 --> 00:11:19,810
really interesting of a visual sighting
of the meteors from the wise Observatory

466
00:11:19,810 --> 00:11:19,820
of the meteors from the wise Observatory
 

467
00:11:19,820 --> 00:11:23,460
of the meteors from the wise Observatory
that's as the flashes as the comet

468
00:11:23,460 --> 00:11:23,470
that's as the flashes as the comet
 

469
00:11:23,470 --> 00:11:25,660
that's as the flashes as the comet
started to go into Jupiter's upper

470
00:11:25,660 --> 00:11:25,670
started to go into Jupiter's upper
 

471
00:11:25,670 --> 00:11:27,940
started to go into Jupiter's upper
atmosphere and behaved as abnormal

472
00:11:27,940 --> 00:11:27,950
atmosphere and behaved as abnormal
 

473
00:11:27,950 --> 00:11:30,400
atmosphere and behaved as abnormal
meteor would on earth but the meteors on

474
00:11:30,400 --> 00:11:30,410
meteor would on earth but the meteors on
 

475
00:11:30,410 --> 00:11:32,700
meteor would on earth but the meteors on
earth that we see in the night sky are

476
00:11:32,700 --> 00:11:32,710
earth that we see in the night sky are
 

477
00:11:32,710 --> 00:11:35,829
earth that we see in the night sky are
objects the size of a pea or a grain of

478
00:11:35,829 --> 00:11:35,839
objects the size of a pea or a grain of
 

479
00:11:35,839 --> 00:11:39,910
objects the size of a pea or a grain of
sand this is the impact of something

480
00:11:39,910 --> 00:11:39,920
sand this is the impact of something
 

481
00:11:39,920 --> 00:11:41,410
sand this is the impact of something
that's at least one kilometer in

482
00:11:41,410 --> 00:11:41,420
that's at least one kilometer in
 

483
00:11:41,420 --> 00:11:44,079
that's at least one kilometer in
diameter coming into Jupiter possibly

484
00:11:44,079 --> 00:11:44,089
diameter coming into Jupiter possibly
 

485
00:11:44,089 --> 00:11:45,970
diameter coming into Jupiter possibly
seen the two independent observations

486
00:11:45,970 --> 00:11:45,980
seen the two independent observations
 

487
00:11:45,980 --> 00:11:49,329
seen the two independent observations
were made with small telescopes they

488
00:11:49,329 --> 00:11:49,339
were made with small telescopes they
 

489
00:11:49,339 --> 00:11:51,220
were made with small telescopes they
would pour in a possible sighting of a

490
00:11:51,220 --> 00:11:51,230
would pour in a possible sighting of a
 

491
00:11:51,230 --> 00:11:54,880
would pour in a possible sighting of a
brief sharp flash by brief we mean less

492
00:11:54,880 --> 00:11:54,890
brief sharp flash by brief we mean less
 

493
00:11:54,890 --> 00:11:57,430
brief sharp flash by brief we mean less
than one second duration near the limb

494
00:11:57,430 --> 00:11:57,440
than one second duration near the limb
 

495
00:11:57,440 --> 00:12:00,490
than one second duration near the limb
near the edge of Jupiter and it was at

496
00:12:00,490 --> 00:12:00,500
near the edge of Jupiter and it was at
 

497
00:12:00,500 --> 00:12:03,519
near the edge of Jupiter and it was at
the approximately correct location Jim

498
00:12:03,519 --> 00:12:03,529
the approximately correct location Jim
 

499
00:12:03,529 --> 00:12:06,160
the approximately correct location Jim
Scotti who was at the wise observatory

500
00:12:06,160 --> 00:12:06,170
Scotti who was at the wise observatory
 

501
00:12:06,170 --> 00:12:08,380
Scotti who was at the wise observatory
at the time has asked me to be really

502
00:12:08,380 --> 00:12:08,390
at the time has asked me to be really
 

503
00:12:08,390 --> 00:12:11,380
at the time has asked me to be really
careful with this report I don't want to

504
00:12:11,380 --> 00:12:11,390
careful with this report I don't want to
 

505
00:12:11,390 --> 00:12:13,180
careful with this report I don't want to
it needs to be mentioned because it's

506
00:12:13,180 --> 00:12:13,190
it needs to be mentioned because it's
 

507
00:12:13,190 --> 00:12:15,670
it needs to be mentioned because it's
out on all the electronic mail but I

508
00:12:15,670 --> 00:12:15,680
out on all the electronic mail but I
 

509
00:12:15,680 --> 00:12:17,290
out on all the electronic mail but I
don't want to put a whole lot of

510
00:12:17,290 --> 00:12:17,300
don't want to put a whole lot of
 

511
00:12:17,300 --> 00:12:21,100
don't want to put a whole lot of
credence into it just yet until if we

512
00:12:21,100 --> 00:12:21,110
credence into it just yet until if we
 

513
00:12:21,110 --> 00:12:23,890
credence into it just yet until if we
get other observations of other flashes

514
00:12:23,890 --> 00:12:23,900
get other observations of other flashes
 

515
00:12:23,900 --> 00:12:26,680
get other observations of other flashes
but because there are these two reports

516
00:12:26,680 --> 00:12:26,690
but because there are these two reports
 

517
00:12:26,690 --> 00:12:29,800
but because there are these two reports
it means that other flashes could be

518
00:12:29,800 --> 00:12:29,810
it means that other flashes could be
 

519
00:12:29,810 --> 00:12:32,680
it means that other flashes could be
visible with people using small

520
00:12:32,680 --> 00:12:32,690
visible with people using small
 

521
00:12:32,690 --> 00:12:35,079
visible with people using small
telescopes if this is true and I don't

522
00:12:35,079 --> 00:12:35,089
telescopes if this is true and I don't
 

523
00:12:35,089 --> 00:12:37,210
telescopes if this is true and I don't
know that it is I'd like to be be

524
00:12:37,210 --> 00:12:37,220
know that it is I'd like to be be
 

525
00:12:37,220 --> 00:12:39,160
know that it is I'd like to be be
conservative and say it probably isn't

526
00:12:39,160 --> 00:12:39,170
conservative and say it probably isn't
 

527
00:12:39,170 --> 00:12:41,650
conservative and say it probably isn't
but it means that people with small

528
00:12:41,650 --> 00:12:41,660
but it means that people with small
 

529
00:12:41,660 --> 00:12:43,329
but it means that people with small
telescopes who know exactly where to

530
00:12:43,329 --> 00:12:43,339
telescopes who know exactly where to
 

531
00:12:43,339 --> 00:12:46,329
telescopes who know exactly where to
look on the limb of Jupiter at the right

532
00:12:46,329 --> 00:12:46,339
look on the limb of Jupiter at the right
 

533
00:12:46,339 --> 00:12:49,240
look on the limb of Jupiter at the right
time do have a chance of seeing future

534
00:12:49,240 --> 00:12:49,250
time do have a chance of seeing future
 

535
00:12:49,250 --> 00:12:52,780
time do have a chance of seeing future
flashes amateur astronomers should

536
00:12:52,780 --> 00:12:52,790
flashes amateur astronomers should
 

537
00:12:52,790 --> 00:12:54,940
flashes amateur astronomers should
really this is a red alert for amateur

538
00:12:54,940 --> 00:12:54,950
really this is a red alert for amateur
 

539
00:12:54,950 --> 00:12:57,940
really this is a red alert for amateur
astronomers with small telescopes there

540
00:12:57,940 --> 00:12:57,950
astronomers with small telescopes there
 

541
00:12:57,950 --> 00:13:00,250
astronomers with small telescopes there
was an observation from the point four

542
00:13:00,250 --> 00:13:00,260
was an observation from the point four
 

543
00:13:00,260 --> 00:13:02,740
was an observation from the point four
meter that's a 16 inch telescope in

544
00:13:02,740 --> 00:13:02,750
meter that's a 16 inch telescope in
 

545
00:13:02,750 --> 00:13:04,630
meter that's a 16 inch telescope in
western Massachusetts

546
00:13:04,630 --> 00:13:04,640
western Massachusetts
 

547
00:13:04,640 --> 00:13:07,380
western Massachusetts
they saw a bright spot at the impact on

548
00:13:07,380 --> 00:13:07,390
they saw a bright spot at the impact on
 

549
00:13:07,390 --> 00:13:10,560
they saw a bright spot at the impact on
this is the impact site for fragment a

550
00:13:10,560 --> 00:13:10,570
this is the impact site for fragment a
 

551
00:13:10,570 --> 00:13:13,960
this is the impact site for fragment a
the South Pole infrared Explorer 60

552
00:13:13,960 --> 00:13:13,970
the South Pole infrared Explorer 60
 

553
00:13:13,970 --> 00:13:16,930
the South Pole infrared Explorer 60
centimeter telescope has detected the

554
00:13:16,930 --> 00:13:16,940
centimeter telescope has detected the
 

555
00:13:16,940 --> 00:13:19,300
centimeter telescope has detected the
plume from frag grenades being detected

556
00:13:19,300 --> 00:13:19,310
plume from frag grenades being detected
 

557
00:13:19,310 --> 00:13:23,170
plume from frag grenades being detected
all over the place fragmin be was also

558
00:13:23,170 --> 00:13:23,180
all over the place fragmin be was also
 

559
00:13:23,180 --> 00:13:27,040
all over the place fragmin be was also
detected from the Keck telescope and not

560
00:13:27,040 --> 00:13:27,050
detected from the Keck telescope and not
 

561
00:13:27,050 --> 00:13:29,200
detected from the Keck telescope and not
detected from a number of other sites

562
00:13:29,200 --> 00:13:29,210
detected from a number of other sites
 

563
00:13:29,210 --> 00:13:30,820
detected from a number of other sites
that would have expected to detect

564
00:13:30,820 --> 00:13:30,830
that would have expected to detect
 

565
00:13:30,830 --> 00:13:32,800
that would have expected to detect
fragment be if you look back at that

566
00:13:32,800 --> 00:13:32,810
fragment be if you look back at that
 

567
00:13:32,810 --> 00:13:35,770
fragment be if you look back at that
picture though take notice that fragment

568
00:13:35,770 --> 00:13:35,780
picture though take notice that fragment
 

569
00:13:35,780 --> 00:13:37,510
picture though take notice that fragment
B which is the second one there is not

570
00:13:37,510 --> 00:13:37,520
B which is the second one there is not
 

571
00:13:37,520 --> 00:13:43,090
B which is the second one there is not
exactly on the line of a vintage on the

572
00:13:43,090 --> 00:13:43,100
exactly on the line of a vintage on the
 

573
00:13:43,100 --> 00:13:46,630
exactly on the line of a vintage on the
line of comets there that's a good one B

574
00:13:46,630 --> 00:13:46,640
line of comets there that's a good one B
 

575
00:13:46,640 --> 00:13:49,900
line of comets there that's a good one B
is a little bit above it and we

576
00:13:49,900 --> 00:13:49,910
is a little bit above it and we
 

577
00:13:49,910 --> 00:13:51,760
is a little bit above it and we
interpret that as being that that

578
00:13:51,760 --> 00:13:51,770
interpret that as being that that
 

579
00:13:51,770 --> 00:13:53,770
interpret that as being that that
fragment split off from the main comment

580
00:13:53,770 --> 00:13:53,780
fragment split off from the main comment
 

581
00:13:53,780 --> 00:13:56,530
fragment split off from the main comment
after july seventh nineteen ninety-two

582
00:13:56,530 --> 00:13:56,540
after july seventh nineteen ninety-two
 

583
00:13:56,540 --> 00:14:00,070
after july seventh nineteen ninety-two
when the main comet split apart and if

584
00:14:00,070 --> 00:14:00,080
when the main comet split apart and if
 

585
00:14:00,080 --> 00:14:02,800
when the main comet split apart and if
this and and the fact that fragment see

586
00:14:02,800 --> 00:14:02,810
this and and the fact that fragment see
 

587
00:14:02,810 --> 00:14:05,140
this and and the fact that fragment see
which is right on the line was also

588
00:14:05,140 --> 00:14:05,150
which is right on the line was also
 

589
00:14:05,150 --> 00:14:08,110
which is right on the line was also
detected and detected so strongly I

590
00:14:08,110 --> 00:14:08,120
detected and detected so strongly I
 

591
00:14:08,120 --> 00:14:11,470
detected and detected so strongly I
think we can doing a little bit of arm

592
00:14:11,470 --> 00:14:11,480
think we can doing a little bit of arm
 

593
00:14:11,480 --> 00:14:14,980
think we can doing a little bit of arm
waving here suggests that the fragment

594
00:14:14,980 --> 00:14:14,990
waving here suggests that the fragment
 

595
00:14:14,990 --> 00:14:16,840
waving here suggests that the fragment
be and all of the other fragments that

596
00:14:16,840 --> 00:14:16,850
be and all of the other fragments that
 

597
00:14:16,850 --> 00:14:19,750
be and all of the other fragments that
are off the line might be weaker they

598
00:14:19,750 --> 00:14:19,760
are off the line might be weaker they
 

599
00:14:19,760 --> 00:14:21,820
are off the line might be weaker they
might be more loosely held together more

600
00:14:21,820 --> 00:14:21,830
might be more loosely held together more
 

601
00:14:21,830 --> 00:14:24,790
might be more loosely held together more
more of a rubble pile than a and the

602
00:14:24,790 --> 00:14:24,800
more of a rubble pile than a and the
 

603
00:14:24,800 --> 00:14:26,560
more of a rubble pile than a and the
other fragments that split up right at

604
00:14:26,560 --> 00:14:26,570
other fragments that split up right at
 

605
00:14:26,570 --> 00:14:28,870
other fragments that split up right at
the time of closest approach back in

606
00:14:28,870 --> 00:14:28,880
the time of closest approach back in
 

607
00:14:28,880 --> 00:14:35,710
the time of closest approach back in
1992 we have a lot of other observations

608
00:14:35,710 --> 00:14:35,720
1992 we have a lot of other observations
 

609
00:14:35,720 --> 00:14:38,490
1992 we have a lot of other observations
d just came down about an hour ago and

610
00:14:38,490 --> 00:14:38,500
d just came down about an hour ago and
 

611
00:14:38,500 --> 00:14:41,350
d just came down about an hour ago and
we don't have any any observations of

612
00:14:41,350 --> 00:14:41,360
we don't have any any observations of
 

613
00:14:41,360 --> 00:14:44,020
we don't have any any observations of
that yet they will be coming in very

614
00:14:44,020 --> 00:14:44,030
that yet they will be coming in very
 

615
00:14:44,030 --> 00:14:45,550
that yet they will be coming in very
soon I think I'll give a thank you note

616
00:14:45,550 --> 00:14:45,560
soon I think I'll give a thank you note
 

617
00:14:45,560 --> 00:14:50,170
soon I think I'll give a thank you note
G ok thanks well early this morning we

618
00:14:50,170 --> 00:14:50,180
G ok thanks well early this morning we
 

619
00:14:50,180 --> 00:14:51,700
G ok thanks well early this morning we
heard from James Graham at the

620
00:14:51,700 --> 00:14:51,710
heard from James Graham at the
 

621
00:14:51,710 --> 00:14:53,680
heard from James Graham at the
University of California reporting on

622
00:14:53,680 --> 00:14:53,690
University of California reporting on
 

623
00:14:53,690 --> 00:14:55,300
University of California reporting on
fragments a and C from the Keck

624
00:14:55,300 --> 00:14:55,310
fragments a and C from the Keck
 

625
00:14:55,310 --> 00:14:59,050
fragments a and C from the Keck
Observatory on Mauna Kea and I think

626
00:14:59,050 --> 00:14:59,060
Observatory on Mauna Kea and I think
 

627
00:14:59,060 --> 00:15:01,720
Observatory on Mauna Kea and I think
week if we can roll now those

628
00:15:01,720 --> 00:15:01,730
week if we can roll now those
 

629
00:15:01,730 --> 00:15:04,300
week if we can roll now those
observations and we should have a direct

630
00:15:04,300 --> 00:15:04,310
observations and we should have a direct
 

631
00:15:04,310 --> 00:15:07,150
observations and we should have a direct
audio before can't front lace

632
00:15:07,150 --> 00:15:07,160
audio before can't front lace
 

633
00:15:07,160 --> 00:15:10,990
audio before can't front lace
when the second impact was jus and we

634
00:15:10,990 --> 00:15:11,000
when the second impact was jus and we
 

635
00:15:11,000 --> 00:15:12,790
when the second impact was jus and we
thought distinct signature of the plume

636
00:15:12,790 --> 00:15:12,800
thought distinct signature of the plume
 

637
00:15:12,800 --> 00:15:18,910
thought distinct signature of the plume
of one of the only impacts and topical

638
00:15:18,910 --> 00:15:18,920
of one of the only impacts and topical
 

639
00:15:18,920 --> 00:15:22,210
of one of the only impacts and topical
images show very bright features on the

640
00:15:22,210 --> 00:15:22,220
images show very bright features on the
 

641
00:15:22,220 --> 00:15:27,119
images show very bright features on the
surface of Jupiter at the impact site

642
00:15:27,119 --> 00:15:27,129
surface of Jupiter at the impact site
 

643
00:15:27,129 --> 00:15:30,550
surface of Jupiter at the impact site
incredibly bright very clear very

644
00:15:30,550 --> 00:15:30,560
incredibly bright very clear very
 

645
00:15:30,560 --> 00:15:33,369
incredibly bright very clear very
spectacular event one of the things that

646
00:15:33,369 --> 00:15:33,379
spectacular event one of the things that
 

647
00:15:33,379 --> 00:15:36,129
spectacular event one of the things that
that surprises just how bright these

648
00:15:36,129 --> 00:15:36,139
that surprises just how bright these
 

649
00:15:36,139 --> 00:15:38,530
that surprises just how bright these
events are and so the thing that the

650
00:15:38,530 --> 00:15:38,540
events are and so the thing that the
 

651
00:15:38,540 --> 00:15:40,509
events are and so the thing that the
check the advantage the church has is

652
00:15:40,509 --> 00:15:40,519
check the advantage the church has is
 

653
00:15:40,519 --> 00:15:42,850
check the advantage the church has is
that can see much fainter things going

654
00:15:42,850 --> 00:15:42,860
that can see much fainter things going
 

655
00:15:42,860 --> 00:15:45,100
that can see much fainter things going
on in particular what I experiments that

656
00:15:45,100 --> 00:15:45,110
on in particular what I experiments that
 

657
00:15:45,110 --> 00:15:47,829
on in particular what I experiments that
we did this evening that will take some

658
00:15:47,829 --> 00:15:47,839
we did this evening that will take some
 

659
00:15:47,839 --> 00:15:49,769
we did this evening that will take some
more time to analyze was looking at

660
00:15:49,769 --> 00:15:49,779
more time to analyze was looking at
 

661
00:15:49,779 --> 00:15:53,470
more time to analyze was looking at
jupiters ring and that has the advantage

662
00:15:53,470 --> 00:15:53,480
jupiters ring and that has the advantage
 

663
00:15:53,480 --> 00:15:55,629
jupiters ring and that has the advantage
is that by looking at reflected light

664
00:15:55,629 --> 00:15:55,639
is that by looking at reflected light
 

665
00:15:55,639 --> 00:15:58,210
is that by looking at reflected light
off the rain we can sense view the

666
00:15:58,210 --> 00:15:58,220
off the rain we can sense view the
 

667
00:15:58,220 --> 00:16:00,369
off the rain we can sense view the
impact fight directly so hopefully when

668
00:16:00,369 --> 00:16:00,379
impact fight directly so hopefully when
 

669
00:16:00,379 --> 00:16:03,189
impact fight directly so hopefully when
we look at that data carefully we will

670
00:16:03,189 --> 00:16:03,199
we look at that data carefully we will
 

671
00:16:03,199 --> 00:16:05,829
we look at that data carefully we will
see the initial flash when the comet

672
00:16:05,829 --> 00:16:05,839
see the initial flash when the comet
 

673
00:16:05,839 --> 00:16:13,840
see the initial flash when the comet
fragment hit Jupiter let's go on then we

674
00:16:13,840 --> 00:16:13,850
fragment hit Jupiter let's go on then we
 

675
00:16:13,850 --> 00:16:19,710
fragment hit Jupiter let's go on then we
have an image now from fragment a impact

676
00:16:19,710 --> 00:16:19,720
have an image now from fragment a impact
 

677
00:16:19,720 --> 00:16:23,400
have an image now from fragment a impact
from Sarah to low low in la serena chile

678
00:16:23,400 --> 00:16:23,410
from Sarah to low low in la serena chile
 

679
00:16:23,410 --> 00:16:26,290
from Sarah to low low in la serena chile
this is this is an image now coming up

680
00:16:26,290 --> 00:16:26,300
this is this is an image now coming up
 

681
00:16:26,300 --> 00:16:28,509
this is this is an image now coming up
from John Spencer of Lowell Observatory

682
00:16:28,509 --> 00:16:28,519
from John Spencer of Lowell Observatory
 

683
00:16:28,519 --> 00:16:33,309
from John Spencer of Lowell Observatory
who's down at serif to low low and Louis

684
00:16:33,309 --> 00:16:33,319
who's down at serif to low low and Louis
 

685
00:16:33,319 --> 00:16:35,139
who's down at serif to low low and Louis
it doesn't look great they grant

686
00:16:35,139 --> 00:16:35,149
it doesn't look great they grant
 

687
00:16:35,149 --> 00:16:38,139
it doesn't look great they grant
imagenext for the gram images next we

688
00:16:38,139 --> 00:16:38,149
imagenext for the gram images next we
 

689
00:16:38,149 --> 00:16:41,410
imagenext for the gram images next we
just had Grail there it is oh here's his

690
00:16:41,410 --> 00:16:41,420
just had Grail there it is oh here's his
 

691
00:16:41,420 --> 00:16:45,910
just had Grail there it is oh here's his
image ok image that directly is a

692
00:16:45,910 --> 00:16:45,920
image ok image that directly is a
 

693
00:16:45,920 --> 00:16:48,639
image ok image that directly is a
picture from the Keck telescope did an

694
00:16:48,639 --> 00:16:48,649
picture from the Keck telescope did an
 

695
00:16:48,649 --> 00:16:50,769
picture from the Keck telescope did an
infrared picture at the wavelength of

696
00:16:50,769 --> 00:16:50,779
infrared picture at the wavelength of
 

697
00:16:50,779 --> 00:16:53,620
infrared picture at the wavelength of
3.3 microns which is but six times the

698
00:16:53,620 --> 00:16:53,630
3.3 microns which is but six times the
 

699
00:16:53,630 --> 00:16:57,100
3.3 microns which is but six times the
wavelength of visible light the features

700
00:16:57,100 --> 00:16:57,110
wavelength of visible light the features
 

701
00:16:57,110 --> 00:16:59,350
wavelength of visible light the features
that you see are the bright polar caps

702
00:16:59,350 --> 00:16:59,360
that you see are the bright polar caps
 

703
00:16:59,360 --> 00:17:02,740
that you see are the bright polar caps
which are always present and just the

704
00:17:02,740 --> 00:17:02,750
which are always present and just the
 

705
00:17:02,750 --> 00:17:03,769
which are always present and just the
equator is

706
00:17:03,769 --> 00:17:03,779
equator is
 

707
00:17:03,779 --> 00:17:07,419
equator is
the storm system of the red spot but

708
00:17:07,419 --> 00:17:07,429
the storm system of the red spot but
 

709
00:17:07,429 --> 00:17:10,720
the storm system of the red spot but
Pfeifer's about the minus 40 degrees

710
00:17:10,720 --> 00:17:10,730
Pfeifer's about the minus 40 degrees
 

711
00:17:10,730 --> 00:17:12,980
Pfeifer's about the minus 40 degrees
must roll out features which are the

712
00:17:12,980 --> 00:17:12,990
must roll out features which are the
 

713
00:17:12,990 --> 00:17:15,110
must roll out features which are the
aftermath of the comet impacts of the

714
00:17:15,110 --> 00:17:15,120
aftermath of the comet impacts of the
 

715
00:17:15,120 --> 00:17:17,960
aftermath of the comet impacts of the
curious evening the brightest part of

716
00:17:17,960 --> 00:17:17,970
curious evening the brightest part of
 

717
00:17:17,970 --> 00:17:21,079
curious evening the brightest part of
the very first impact the one the S on

718
00:17:21,079 --> 00:17:21,089
the very first impact the one the S on
 

719
00:17:21,089 --> 00:17:28,270
the very first impact the one the S on
the left-hand edge is the impact numbers

720
00:17:28,270 --> 00:17:28,280

 

721
00:17:28,280 --> 00:17:33,289

and test a fantastic I'm like I might

722
00:17:33,289 --> 00:17:33,299
and test a fantastic I'm like I might
 

723
00:17:33,299 --> 00:17:35,270
and test a fantastic I'm like I might
make just insert the comment there that

724
00:17:35,270 --> 00:17:35,280
make just insert the comment there that
 

725
00:17:35,280 --> 00:17:37,850
make just insert the comment there that
it's very clear that these impact sites

726
00:17:37,850 --> 00:17:37,860
it's very clear that these impact sites
 

727
00:17:37,860 --> 00:17:39,830
it's very clear that these impact sites
are going to remain visible we've seen

728
00:17:39,830 --> 00:17:39,840
are going to remain visible we've seen
 

729
00:17:39,840 --> 00:17:41,690
are going to remain visible we've seen
one now go through a complete rotation

730
00:17:41,690 --> 00:17:41,700
one now go through a complete rotation
 

731
00:17:41,700 --> 00:17:44,600
one now go through a complete rotation
we may see a whole string of these now

732
00:17:44,600 --> 00:17:44,610
we may see a whole string of these now
 

733
00:17:44,610 --> 00:17:46,909
we may see a whole string of these now
by the end of the week lighting up that

734
00:17:46,909 --> 00:17:46,919
by the end of the week lighting up that
 

735
00:17:46,919 --> 00:17:48,980
by the end of the week lighting up that
latitude band on Jupiter string of

736
00:17:48,980 --> 00:17:48,990
latitude band on Jupiter string of
 

737
00:17:48,990 --> 00:17:51,620
latitude band on Jupiter string of
pearls that's another string of four

738
00:17:51,620 --> 00:17:51,630
pearls that's another string of four
 

739
00:17:51,630 --> 00:17:54,590
pearls that's another string of four
Carolyn okay now I think we should have

740
00:17:54,590 --> 00:17:54,600
Carolyn okay now I think we should have
 

741
00:17:54,600 --> 00:17:58,399
Carolyn okay now I think we should have
the coming up next on the screen John

742
00:17:58,399 --> 00:17:58,409
the coming up next on the screen John
 

743
00:17:58,409 --> 00:18:04,279
the coming up next on the screen John
Spencer's image from Sarah to Lola and

744
00:18:04,279 --> 00:18:04,289
Spencer's image from Sarah to Lola and
 

745
00:18:04,289 --> 00:18:08,480
Spencer's image from Sarah to Lola and
there it is again a John is going to

746
00:18:08,480 --> 00:18:08,490
there it is again a John is going to
 

747
00:18:08,490 --> 00:18:11,029
there it is again a John is going to
give us a report tomorrow so we'll have

748
00:18:11,029 --> 00:18:11,039
give us a report tomorrow so we'll have
 

749
00:18:11,039 --> 00:18:14,270
give us a report tomorrow so we'll have
him an audio at that time but I think

750
00:18:14,270 --> 00:18:14,280
him an audio at that time but I think
 

751
00:18:14,280 --> 00:18:16,070
him an audio at that time but I think
you can see that we're getting good

752
00:18:16,070 --> 00:18:16,080
you can see that we're getting good
 

753
00:18:16,080 --> 00:18:19,159
you can see that we're getting good
images now from many telescopes around

754
00:18:19,159 --> 00:18:19,169
images now from many telescopes around
 

755
00:18:19,169 --> 00:18:21,440
images now from many telescopes around
the world that's that's the impact site

756
00:18:21,440 --> 00:18:21,450
the world that's that's the impact site
 

757
00:18:21,450 --> 00:18:25,130
the world that's that's the impact site
for a we also heard from Glenn Orton at

758
00:18:25,130 --> 00:18:25,140
for a we also heard from Glenn Orton at
 

759
00:18:25,140 --> 00:18:26,990
for a we also heard from Glenn Orton at
the at nasa's infrared telescope

760
00:18:26,990 --> 00:18:27,000
the at nasa's infrared telescope
 

761
00:18:27,000 --> 00:18:30,500
the at nasa's infrared telescope
facility at mauna kea who filed the

762
00:18:30,500 --> 00:18:30,510
facility at mauna kea who filed the
 

763
00:18:30,510 --> 00:18:33,470
facility at mauna kea who filed the
report now that we're going to see again

764
00:18:33,470 --> 00:18:33,480
report now that we're going to see again
 

765
00:18:33,480 --> 00:18:40,639
report now that we're going to see again
on fragment a very clearly had

766
00:18:40,639 --> 00:18:40,649
on fragment a very clearly had
 

767
00:18:40,649 --> 00:18:43,279
on fragment a very clearly had
introduced the new cloud which was quite

768
00:18:43,279 --> 00:18:43,289
introduced the new cloud which was quite
 

769
00:18:43,289 --> 00:18:47,539
introduced the new cloud which was quite
long oh when we observed the plume from

770
00:18:47,539 --> 00:18:47,549
long oh when we observed the plume from
 

771
00:18:47,549 --> 00:18:50,299
long oh when we observed the plume from
C was clearly at the same latitude but

772
00:18:50,299 --> 00:18:50,309
C was clearly at the same latitude but
 

773
00:18:50,309 --> 00:18:52,610
C was clearly at the same latitude but
at first very difficult to distinguish

774
00:18:52,610 --> 00:18:52,620
at first very difficult to distinguish
 

775
00:18:52,620 --> 00:18:56,820
at first very difficult to distinguish
from the holiday that is the final

776
00:18:56,820 --> 00:18:56,830
from the holiday that is the final
 

777
00:18:56,830 --> 00:18:59,880
from the holiday that is the final
and time passed the plume from sea

778
00:18:59,880 --> 00:18:59,890
and time passed the plume from sea
 

779
00:18:59,890 --> 00:19:02,759
and time passed the plume from sea
became very much brighter several times

780
00:19:02,759 --> 00:19:02,769
became very much brighter several times
 

781
00:19:02,769 --> 00:19:05,490
became very much brighter several times
brighter than that cloud the cloud from

782
00:19:05,490 --> 00:19:05,500
brighter than that cloud the cloud from
 

783
00:19:05,500 --> 00:19:06,899
brighter than that cloud the cloud from
the a fragment that turned out to be

784
00:19:06,899 --> 00:19:06,909
the a fragment that turned out to be
 

785
00:19:06,909 --> 00:19:10,350
the a fragment that turned out to be
about the same brightness as the north

786
00:19:10,350 --> 00:19:10,360
about the same brightness as the north
 

787
00:19:10,360 --> 00:19:15,360
about the same brightness as the north
and south polar caps I'm very ecstatic

788
00:19:15,360 --> 00:19:15,370
and south polar caps I'm very ecstatic
 

789
00:19:15,370 --> 00:19:17,299
and south polar caps I'm very ecstatic
about any of this witnessing this is

790
00:19:17,299 --> 00:19:17,309
about any of this witnessing this is
 

791
00:19:17,309 --> 00:19:20,159
about any of this witnessing this is
kind of amazing and what what's amazing

792
00:19:20,159 --> 00:19:20,169
kind of amazing and what what's amazing
 

793
00:19:20,169 --> 00:19:22,710
kind of amazing and what what's amazing
about both of these is the fact that

794
00:19:22,710 --> 00:19:22,720
about both of these is the fact that
 

795
00:19:22,720 --> 00:19:25,490
about both of these is the fact that
being see are both rather faint objects

796
00:19:25,490 --> 00:19:25,500
being see are both rather faint objects
 

797
00:19:25,500 --> 00:19:27,930
being see are both rather faint objects
certainly in the thermal improv in the

798
00:19:27,930 --> 00:19:27,940
certainly in the thermal improv in the
 

799
00:19:27,940 --> 00:19:31,560
certainly in the thermal improv in the
near infrared so fmg are known to be

800
00:19:31,560 --> 00:19:31,570
near infrared so fmg are known to be
 

801
00:19:31,570 --> 00:19:34,080
near infrared so fmg are known to be
much bigger I'm much brighter in there

802
00:19:34,080 --> 00:19:34,090
much bigger I'm much brighter in there
 

803
00:19:34,090 --> 00:19:36,000
much bigger I'm much brighter in there
for a specially mirror they're both much

804
00:19:36,000 --> 00:19:36,010
for a specially mirror they're both much
 

805
00:19:36,010 --> 00:19:38,460
for a specially mirror they're both much
baby spiders biggest objects than a and

806
00:19:38,460 --> 00:19:38,470
baby spiders biggest objects than a and
 

807
00:19:38,470 --> 00:19:42,990
baby spiders biggest objects than a and
so this is going to be a real show okay

808
00:19:42,990 --> 00:19:43,000
so this is going to be a real show okay
 

809
00:19:43,000 --> 00:19:45,180
so this is going to be a real show okay
I guess we're going to see Glen's actual

810
00:19:45,180 --> 00:19:45,190
I guess we're going to see Glen's actual
 

811
00:19:45,190 --> 00:19:47,580
I guess we're going to see Glen's actual
images tomorrow so we'll have an update

812
00:19:47,580 --> 00:19:47,590
images tomorrow so we'll have an update
 

813
00:19:47,590 --> 00:19:54,930
images tomorrow so we'll have an update
their from from glenarden I guess at

814
00:19:54,930 --> 00:19:54,940
their from from glenarden I guess at
 

815
00:19:54,940 --> 00:19:57,120
their from from glenarden I guess at
this point we turn it back to you don

816
00:19:57,120 --> 00:19:57,130
this point we turn it back to you don
 

817
00:19:57,130 --> 00:19:59,549
this point we turn it back to you don
okay yeah well then we'll turn it over

818
00:19:59,549 --> 00:19:59,559
okay yeah well then we'll turn it over
 

819
00:19:59,559 --> 00:20:02,430
okay yeah well then we'll turn it over
to reporters here at the Goddard Space

820
00:20:02,430 --> 00:20:02,440
to reporters here at the Goddard Space
 

821
00:20:02,440 --> 00:20:04,620
to reporters here at the Goddard Space
Flight Center for Q&A and then we'll

822
00:20:04,620 --> 00:20:04,630
Flight Center for Q&A and then we'll
 

823
00:20:04,630 --> 00:20:06,600
Flight Center for Q&A and then we'll
check with our other centers to see if

824
00:20:06,600 --> 00:20:06,610
check with our other centers to see if
 

825
00:20:06,610 --> 00:20:08,820
check with our other centers to see if
we have questions there let's start here

826
00:20:08,820 --> 00:20:08,830
we have questions there let's start here
 

827
00:20:08,830 --> 00:20:11,460
we have questions there let's start here
in the front and please wait for the

828
00:20:11,460 --> 00:20:11,470
in the front and please wait for the
 

829
00:20:11,470 --> 00:20:12,659
in the front and please wait for the
microphone is state your name and

830
00:20:12,659 --> 00:20:12,669
microphone is state your name and
 

831
00:20:12,669 --> 00:20:16,500
microphone is state your name and
affiliation I've cooked news day and you

832
00:20:16,500 --> 00:20:16,510
affiliation I've cooked news day and you
 

833
00:20:16,510 --> 00:20:18,149
affiliation I've cooked news day and you
had a chance to think about why it might

834
00:20:18,149 --> 00:20:18,159
had a chance to think about why it might
 

835
00:20:18,159 --> 00:20:20,070
had a chance to think about why it might
be dark in terms of chemical terms or

836
00:20:20,070 --> 00:20:20,080
be dark in terms of chemical terms or
 

837
00:20:20,080 --> 00:20:22,980
be dark in terms of chemical terms or
something like that I think we're going

838
00:20:22,980 --> 00:20:22,990
something like that I think we're going
 

839
00:20:22,990 --> 00:20:25,289
something like that I think we're going
to wait to answer that question until we

840
00:20:25,289 --> 00:20:25,299
to wait to answer that question until we
 

841
00:20:25,299 --> 00:20:28,200
to wait to answer that question until we
get some spectroscopy we actually have

842
00:20:28,200 --> 00:20:28,210
get some spectroscopy we actually have
 

843
00:20:28,210 --> 00:20:30,049
get some spectroscopy we actually have
been getting some reports a very

844
00:20:30,049 --> 00:20:30,059
been getting some reports a very
 

845
00:20:30,059 --> 00:20:33,060
been getting some reports a very
interesting chemistry going on some of

846
00:20:33,060 --> 00:20:33,070
interesting chemistry going on some of
 

847
00:20:33,070 --> 00:20:35,759
interesting chemistry going on some of
the telescopes in Hawaii have reported I

848
00:20:35,759 --> 00:20:35,769
the telescopes in Hawaii have reported I
 

849
00:20:35,769 --> 00:20:38,549
the telescopes in Hawaii have reported I
don't I don't know how much detail I can

850
00:20:38,549 --> 00:20:38,559
don't I don't know how much detail I can
 

851
00:20:38,559 --> 00:20:40,350
don't I don't know how much detail I can
go into at this point but I think I'll

852
00:20:40,350 --> 00:20:40,360
go into at this point but I think I'll
 

853
00:20:40,360 --> 00:20:41,850
go into at this point but I think I'll
leave it at saying that the the

854
00:20:41,850 --> 00:20:41,860
leave it at saying that the the
 

855
00:20:41,860 --> 00:20:50,659
leave it at saying that the the
chemistry appears to be very interesting

856
00:20:50,659 --> 00:20:50,669

 

857
00:20:50,669 --> 00:20:52,980

Miles O'Brien with CNN let's talk what

858
00:20:52,980 --> 00:20:52,990
Miles O'Brien with CNN let's talk what
 

859
00:20:52,990 --> 00:20:54,960
Miles O'Brien with CNN let's talk what
about the significance of seeing those

860
00:20:54,960 --> 00:20:54,970
about the significance of seeing those
 

861
00:20:54,970 --> 00:20:55,940
about the significance of seeing those
plumes

862
00:20:55,940 --> 00:20:55,950
plumes
 

863
00:20:55,950 --> 00:20:58,840
plumes
or fragment a not something you expected

864
00:20:58,840 --> 00:20:58,850
or fragment a not something you expected
 

865
00:20:58,850 --> 00:21:01,039
or fragment a not something you expected
just the significance of being able to

866
00:21:01,039 --> 00:21:01,049
just the significance of being able to
 

867
00:21:01,049 --> 00:21:02,779
just the significance of being able to
see that first of all and then what you

868
00:21:02,779 --> 00:21:02,789
see that first of all and then what you
 

869
00:21:02,789 --> 00:21:04,759
see that first of all and then what you
might think we might see on some of

870
00:21:04,759 --> 00:21:04,769
might think we might see on some of
 

871
00:21:04,769 --> 00:21:08,180
might think we might see on some of
these potentially larger fragments well

872
00:21:08,180 --> 00:21:08,190
these potentially larger fragments well
 

873
00:21:08,190 --> 00:21:12,049
these potentially larger fragments well
miles I showed a theoretical prediction

874
00:21:12,049 --> 00:21:12,059
miles I showed a theoretical prediction
 

875
00:21:12,059 --> 00:21:15,139
miles I showed a theoretical prediction
last night for the plumes as I look at

876
00:21:15,139 --> 00:21:15,149
last night for the plumes as I look at
 

877
00:21:15,149 --> 00:21:18,409
last night for the plumes as I look at
the plumes that Heidi showed us now in

878
00:21:18,409 --> 00:21:18,419
the plumes that Heidi showed us now in
 

879
00:21:18,419 --> 00:21:20,990
the plumes that Heidi showed us now in
that sequence it looks to me as though

880
00:21:20,990 --> 00:21:21,000
that sequence it looks to me as though
 

881
00:21:21,000 --> 00:21:24,110
that sequence it looks to me as though
the prediction is bang-on you in terms

882
00:21:24,110 --> 00:21:24,120
the prediction is bang-on you in terms
 

883
00:21:24,120 --> 00:21:26,840
the prediction is bang-on you in terms
of the timing you get a plume growing up

884
00:21:26,840 --> 00:21:26,850
of the timing you get a plume growing up
 

885
00:21:26,850 --> 00:21:29,779
of the timing you get a plume growing up
to a tall column it cools at the top and

886
00:21:29,779 --> 00:21:29,789
to a tall column it cools at the top and
 

887
00:21:29,789 --> 00:21:33,019
to a tall column it cools at the top and
then it collapses and flattens and flows

888
00:21:33,019 --> 00:21:33,029
then it collapses and flattens and flows
 

889
00:21:33,029 --> 00:21:35,210
then it collapses and flattens and flows
out and spreads out at the base and I

890
00:21:35,210 --> 00:21:35,220
out and spreads out at the base and I
 

891
00:21:35,220 --> 00:21:36,350
out and spreads out at the base and I
think you can see that whole sequence

892
00:21:36,350 --> 00:21:36,360
think you can see that whole sequence
 

893
00:21:36,360 --> 00:21:38,870
think you can see that whole sequence
and if I remember the times correctly

894
00:21:38,870 --> 00:21:38,880
and if I remember the times correctly
 

895
00:21:38,880 --> 00:21:40,789
and if I remember the times correctly
that I saw in Heidi's images we're

896
00:21:40,789 --> 00:21:40,799
that I saw in Heidi's images we're
 

897
00:21:40,799 --> 00:21:42,470
that I saw in Heidi's images we're
looking at a time interval of about

898
00:21:42,470 --> 00:21:42,480
looking at a time interval of about
 

899
00:21:42,480 --> 00:21:46,519
looking at a time interval of about
eight or nine minutes isn't it 18 27

900
00:21:46,519 --> 00:21:46,529
eight or nine minutes isn't it 18 27
 

901
00:21:46,529 --> 00:21:49,460
eight or nine minutes isn't it 18 27
minus 18 yeah nine minutes 9 minutes I'm

902
00:21:49,460 --> 00:21:49,470
minus 18 yeah nine minutes 9 minutes I'm
 

903
00:21:49,470 --> 00:21:51,950
minus 18 yeah nine minutes 9 minutes I'm
talked about and so we really expected

904
00:21:51,950 --> 00:21:51,960
talked about and so we really expected
 

905
00:21:51,960 --> 00:21:53,750
talked about and so we really expected
the plume to start to collapse after

906
00:21:53,750 --> 00:21:53,760
the plume to start to collapse after
 

907
00:21:53,760 --> 00:21:56,269
the plume to start to collapse after
about five minutes and flow out and

908
00:21:56,269 --> 00:21:56,279
about five minutes and flow out and
 

909
00:21:56,279 --> 00:21:58,340
about five minutes and flow out and
spread and I think that's exactly what

910
00:21:58,340 --> 00:21:58,350
spread and I think that's exactly what
 

911
00:21:58,350 --> 00:21:59,990
spread and I think that's exactly what
you're seeing it's a and I think that's

912
00:21:59,990 --> 00:22:00,000
you're seeing it's a and I think that's
 

913
00:22:00,000 --> 00:22:02,060
you're seeing it's a and I think that's
a beautiful testimony to the prediction

914
00:22:02,060 --> 00:22:02,070
a beautiful testimony to the prediction
 

915
00:22:02,070 --> 00:22:04,820
a beautiful testimony to the prediction
that was made by Paul hassock of Titan

916
00:22:04,820 --> 00:22:04,830
that was made by Paul hassock of Titan
 

917
00:22:04,830 --> 00:22:06,919
that was made by Paul hassock of Titan
research corporation who did that model

918
00:22:06,919 --> 00:22:06,929
research corporation who did that model
 

919
00:22:06,929 --> 00:22:09,860
research corporation who did that model
on and what it also is saying is to get

920
00:22:09,860 --> 00:22:09,870
on and what it also is saying is to get
 

921
00:22:09,870 --> 00:22:12,919
on and what it also is saying is to get
that size plume we are in fact dealing

922
00:22:12,919 --> 00:22:12,929
that size plume we are in fact dealing
 

923
00:22:12,929 --> 00:22:15,259
that size plume we are in fact dealing
with an object that had the energy of at

924
00:22:15,259 --> 00:22:15,269
with an object that had the energy of at
 

925
00:22:15,269 --> 00:22:17,000
with an object that had the energy of at
least a kilometer sized object maybe

926
00:22:17,000 --> 00:22:17,010
least a kilometer sized object maybe
 

927
00:22:17,010 --> 00:22:19,279
least a kilometer sized object maybe
even a little bit bigger there so that

928
00:22:19,279 --> 00:22:19,289
even a little bit bigger there so that
 

929
00:22:19,289 --> 00:22:21,080
even a little bit bigger there so that
means there's a lot of stuff even in

930
00:22:21,080 --> 00:22:21,090
means there's a lot of stuff even in
 

931
00:22:21,090 --> 00:22:23,539
means there's a lot of stuff even in
these smaller fragments the implication

932
00:22:23,539 --> 00:22:23,549
these smaller fragments the implication
 

933
00:22:23,549 --> 00:22:25,700
these smaller fragments the implication
is that the later fragments will

934
00:22:25,700 --> 00:22:25,710
is that the later fragments will
 

935
00:22:25,710 --> 00:22:28,850
is that the later fragments will
probably be even more extended and

936
00:22:28,850 --> 00:22:28,860
probably be even more extended and
 

937
00:22:28,860 --> 00:22:35,090
probably be even more extended and
larger yep Cathy oh ok we'll do a

938
00:22:35,090 --> 00:22:35,100
larger yep Cathy oh ok we'll do a
 

939
00:22:35,100 --> 00:22:37,320
larger yep Cathy oh ok we'll do a
follow-up

940
00:22:37,320 --> 00:22:37,330
follow-up
 

941
00:22:37,330 --> 00:22:40,140
follow-up
you said earlier many times gene that

942
00:22:40,140 --> 00:22:40,150
you said earlier many times gene that
 

943
00:22:40,150 --> 00:22:42,540
you said earlier many times gene that
all your career you'd hope to witness

944
00:22:42,540 --> 00:22:42,550
all your career you'd hope to witness
 

945
00:22:42,550 --> 00:22:44,340
all your career you'd hope to witness
something like this you've studied

946
00:22:44,340 --> 00:22:44,350
something like this you've studied
 

947
00:22:44,350 --> 00:22:48,270
something like this you've studied
craters the the residue of something

948
00:22:48,270 --> 00:22:48,280
craters the the residue of something
 

949
00:22:48,280 --> 00:22:49,770
craters the the residue of something
like this now having seen one run of

950
00:22:49,770 --> 00:22:49,780
like this now having seen one run of
 

951
00:22:49,780 --> 00:22:57,120
like this now having seen one run of
your thoughts love you sooo beyond the

952
00:22:57,120 --> 00:22:57,130
your thoughts love you sooo beyond the
 

953
00:22:57,130 --> 00:22:59,250
your thoughts love you sooo beyond the
fact that we feel enormously relieved

954
00:22:59,250 --> 00:22:59,260
fact that we feel enormously relieved
 

955
00:22:59,260 --> 00:23:01,590
fact that we feel enormously relieved
that they're really big objects there

956
00:23:01,590 --> 00:23:01,600
that they're really big objects there
 

957
00:23:01,600 --> 00:23:04,590
that they're really big objects there
that are going to give us a show it

958
00:23:04,590 --> 00:23:04,600
that are going to give us a show it
 

959
00:23:04,600 --> 00:23:07,350
that are going to give us a show it
gives me a very warm feeling that we can

960
00:23:07,350 --> 00:23:07,360
gives me a very warm feeling that we can
 

961
00:23:07,360 --> 00:23:08,520
gives me a very warm feeling that we can
affect you some of the most

962
00:23:08,520 --> 00:23:08,530
affect you some of the most
 

963
00:23:08,530 --> 00:23:11,280
affect you some of the most
sophisticated numerical models that have

964
00:23:11,280 --> 00:23:11,290
sophisticated numerical models that have
 

965
00:23:11,290 --> 00:23:13,140
sophisticated numerical models that have
been developed with intensive effort

966
00:23:13,140 --> 00:23:13,150
been developed with intensive effort
 

967
00:23:13,150 --> 00:23:15,420
been developed with intensive effort
over the last three decades and find

968
00:23:15,420 --> 00:23:15,430
over the last three decades and find
 

969
00:23:15,430 --> 00:23:17,550
over the last three decades and find
that they really work on this enormous

970
00:23:17,550 --> 00:23:17,560
that they really work on this enormous
 

971
00:23:17,560 --> 00:23:20,250
that they really work on this enormous
scale and that we really can gain a

972
00:23:20,250 --> 00:23:20,260
scale and that we really can gain a
 

973
00:23:20,260 --> 00:23:22,650
scale and that we really can gain a
close theoretical understanding of what

974
00:23:22,650 --> 00:23:22,660
close theoretical understanding of what
 

975
00:23:22,660 --> 00:23:24,060
close theoretical understanding of what
is happening with each one of these

976
00:23:24,060 --> 00:23:24,070
is happening with each one of these
 

977
00:23:24,070 --> 00:23:26,400
is happening with each one of these
impacts I think I feel very good about

978
00:23:26,400 --> 00:23:26,410
impacts I think I feel very good about
 

979
00:23:26,410 --> 00:23:31,590
impacts I think I feel very good about
that Kathy Kathy Sawyer the Washington

980
00:23:31,590 --> 00:23:31,600
that Kathy Kathy Sawyer the Washington
 

981
00:23:31,600 --> 00:23:35,670
that Kathy Kathy Sawyer the Washington
Post for gene can you tell me roughly

982
00:23:35,670 --> 00:23:35,680
Post for gene can you tell me roughly
 

983
00:23:35,680 --> 00:23:38,430
Post for gene can you tell me roughly
what altitude you think the dark splotch

984
00:23:38,430 --> 00:23:38,440
what altitude you think the dark splotch
 

985
00:23:38,440 --> 00:23:43,320
what altitude you think the dark splotch
is residing at currently if it's fixed

986
00:23:43,320 --> 00:23:43,330
is residing at currently if it's fixed
 

987
00:23:43,330 --> 00:23:47,900
is residing at currently if it's fixed
in a place and what's there what what

988
00:23:47,900 --> 00:23:47,910
in a place and what's there what what
 

989
00:23:47,910 --> 00:23:51,210
in a place and what's there what what
gases are at that level to the extent

990
00:23:51,210 --> 00:23:51,220
gases are at that level to the extent
 

991
00:23:51,220 --> 00:23:52,950
gases are at that level to the extent
that you know or could this be material

992
00:23:52,950 --> 00:23:52,960
that you know or could this be material
 

993
00:23:52,960 --> 00:23:56,060
that you know or could this be material
that's been exposed from the interior

994
00:23:56,060 --> 00:23:56,070
that's been exposed from the interior
 

995
00:23:56,070 --> 00:23:58,980
that's been exposed from the interior
possibly the model calculations would

996
00:23:58,980 --> 00:23:58,990
possibly the model calculations would
 

997
00:23:58,990 --> 00:24:01,620
possibly the model calculations would
indicate that the largest part of the

998
00:24:01,620 --> 00:24:01,630
indicate that the largest part of the
 

999
00:24:01,630 --> 00:24:04,110
indicate that the largest part of the
material in that dark splotch actually

1000
00:24:04,110 --> 00:24:04,120
material in that dark splotch actually
 

1001
00:24:04,120 --> 00:24:06,660
material in that dark splotch actually
consists of jovian atmosphere that's

1002
00:24:06,660 --> 00:24:06,670
consists of jovian atmosphere that's
 

1003
00:24:06,670 --> 00:24:09,150
consists of jovian atmosphere that's
been dredged up from beneath the ammonia

1004
00:24:09,150 --> 00:24:09,160
been dredged up from beneath the ammonia
 

1005
00:24:09,160 --> 00:24:12,180
been dredged up from beneath the ammonia
cloud tops but it will contain almost

1006
00:24:12,180 --> 00:24:12,190
cloud tops but it will contain almost
 

1007
00:24:12,190 --> 00:24:15,030
cloud tops but it will contain almost
all of the cometary material as well so

1008
00:24:15,030 --> 00:24:15,040
all of the cometary material as well so
 

1009
00:24:15,040 --> 00:24:17,520
all of the cometary material as well so
this is heidi said there's there's got

1010
00:24:17,520 --> 00:24:17,530
this is heidi said there's there's got
 

1011
00:24:17,530 --> 00:24:19,200
this is heidi said there's there's got
to be some wonderful chemistry going on

1012
00:24:19,200 --> 00:24:19,210
to be some wonderful chemistry going on
 

1013
00:24:19,210 --> 00:24:21,300
to be some wonderful chemistry going on
remember all of this stuff got very hot

1014
00:24:21,300 --> 00:24:21,310
remember all of this stuff got very hot
 

1015
00:24:21,310 --> 00:24:23,640
remember all of this stuff got very hot
we're talking about the initial fireball

1016
00:24:23,640 --> 00:24:23,650
we're talking about the initial fireball
 

1017
00:24:23,650 --> 00:24:26,220
we're talking about the initial fireball
temperatures in the range of 30,000

1018
00:24:26,220 --> 00:24:26,230
temperatures in the range of 30,000
 

1019
00:24:26,230 --> 00:24:28,530
temperatures in the range of 30,000
degrees Kelvin and then it cools off

1020
00:24:28,530 --> 00:24:28,540
degrees Kelvin and then it cools off
 

1021
00:24:28,540 --> 00:24:31,440
degrees Kelvin and then it cools off
from there and so there's some chemistry

1022
00:24:31,440 --> 00:24:31,450
from there and so there's some chemistry
 

1023
00:24:31,450 --> 00:24:33,240
from there and so there's some chemistry
that I think we don't really know how to

1024
00:24:33,240 --> 00:24:33,250
that I think we don't really know how to
 

1025
00:24:33,250 --> 00:24:35,720
that I think we don't really know how to
model just what those constituents are

1026
00:24:35,720 --> 00:24:35,730
model just what those constituents are
 

1027
00:24:35,730 --> 00:24:39,510
model just what those constituents are
that make it dark and bright at the

1028
00:24:39,510 --> 00:24:39,520
that make it dark and bright at the
 

1029
00:24:39,520 --> 00:24:41,670
that make it dark and bright at the
relative wavelengths is is something

1030
00:24:41,670 --> 00:24:41,680
relative wavelengths is is something
 

1031
00:24:41,680 --> 00:24:42,930
relative wavelengths is is something
that's still going to take a lot of work

1032
00:24:42,930 --> 00:24:42,940
that's still going to take a lot of work
 

1033
00:24:42,940 --> 00:24:45,930
that's still going to take a lot of work
the the altitude at which you're seeing

1034
00:24:45,930 --> 00:24:45,940
the the altitude at which you're seeing
 

1035
00:24:45,940 --> 00:24:48,630
the the altitude at which you're seeing
that reside later on I think you got a

1036
00:24:48,630 --> 00:24:48,640
that reside later on I think you got a
 

1037
00:24:48,640 --> 00:24:49,550
that reside later on I think you got a
hit from that

1038
00:24:49,550 --> 00:24:49,560
hit from that
 

1039
00:24:49,560 --> 00:24:51,920
hit from that
from the limb profile but it's probably

1040
00:24:51,920 --> 00:24:51,930
from the limb profile but it's probably
 

1041
00:24:51,930 --> 00:24:54,680
from the limb profile but it's probably
of the order most of it will be of the

1042
00:24:54,680 --> 00:24:54,690
of the order most of it will be of the
 

1043
00:24:54,690 --> 00:24:56,600
of the order most of it will be of the
order of a couple hundred kilometers I

1044
00:24:56,600 --> 00:24:56,610
order of a couple hundred kilometers I
 

1045
00:24:56,610 --> 00:24:59,150
order of a couple hundred kilometers I
think above the ammonia cloud top so

1046
00:24:59,150 --> 00:24:59,160
think above the ammonia cloud top so
 

1047
00:24:59,160 --> 00:25:00,710
think above the ammonia cloud top so
you'd like to comment on that honey I

1048
00:25:00,710 --> 00:25:00,720
you'd like to comment on that honey I
 

1049
00:25:00,720 --> 00:25:02,570
you'd like to comment on that honey I
think that that's where we're heading

1050
00:25:02,570 --> 00:25:02,580
think that that's where we're heading
 

1051
00:25:02,580 --> 00:25:05,510
think that that's where we're heading
right now to mostly based on the methane

1052
00:25:05,510 --> 00:25:05,520
right now to mostly based on the methane
 

1053
00:25:05,520 --> 00:25:07,340
right now to mostly based on the methane
band image where we saw this material

1054
00:25:07,340 --> 00:25:07,350
band image where we saw this material
 

1055
00:25:07,350 --> 00:25:10,760
band image where we saw this material
very bright similar brightness to the

1056
00:25:10,760 --> 00:25:10,770
very bright similar brightness to the
 

1057
00:25:10,770 --> 00:25:12,890
very bright similar brightness to the
Great Red Spot for example if we could

1058
00:25:12,890 --> 00:25:12,900
Great Red Spot for example if we could
 

1059
00:25:12,900 --> 00:25:14,990
Great Red Spot for example if we could
show the methane band image which is the

1060
00:25:14,990 --> 00:25:15,000
show the methane band image which is the
 

1061
00:25:15,000 --> 00:25:19,130
show the methane band image which is the
the second graphic by seeing this thing

1062
00:25:19,130 --> 00:25:19,140
the second graphic by seeing this thing
 

1063
00:25:19,140 --> 00:25:20,540
the second graphic by seeing this thing
fighting the methane bands and

1064
00:25:20,540 --> 00:25:20,550
fighting the methane bands and
 

1065
00:25:20,550 --> 00:25:22,700
fighting the methane bands and
particularly in all the infrared images

1066
00:25:22,700 --> 00:25:22,710
particularly in all the infrared images
 

1067
00:25:22,710 --> 00:25:25,310
particularly in all the infrared images
too we know that it's got to be

1068
00:25:25,310 --> 00:25:25,320
too we know that it's got to be
 

1069
00:25:25,320 --> 00:25:27,560
too we know that it's got to be
relatively high I think we're going to

1070
00:25:27,560 --> 00:25:27,570
relatively high I think we're going to
 

1071
00:25:27,570 --> 00:25:29,750
relatively high I think we're going to
have to wait for more detailed analysis

1072
00:25:29,750 --> 00:25:29,760
have to wait for more detailed analysis
 

1073
00:25:29,760 --> 00:25:32,090
have to wait for more detailed analysis
before we can give us a firm number on

1074
00:25:32,090 --> 00:25:32,100
before we can give us a firm number on
 

1075
00:25:32,100 --> 00:25:37,940
before we can give us a firm number on
that back here third round Debra's a

1076
00:25:37,940 --> 00:25:37,950
that back here third round Debra's a
 

1077
00:25:37,950 --> 00:25:40,160
that back here third round Debra's a
prank oh I work for Reuters what can you

1078
00:25:40,160 --> 00:25:40,170
prank oh I work for Reuters what can you
 

1079
00:25:40,170 --> 00:25:42,710
prank oh I work for Reuters what can you
tell us about what permanent effects

1080
00:25:42,710 --> 00:25:42,720
tell us about what permanent effects
 

1081
00:25:42,720 --> 00:25:44,960
tell us about what permanent effects
this might have on Jupiter these these

1082
00:25:44,960 --> 00:25:44,970
this might have on Jupiter these these
 

1083
00:25:44,970 --> 00:25:47,330
this might have on Jupiter these these
impacts seem to be brighter bigger you

1084
00:25:47,330 --> 00:25:47,340
impacts seem to be brighter bigger you
 

1085
00:25:47,340 --> 00:25:49,880
impacts seem to be brighter bigger you
know altogether more than them you were

1086
00:25:49,880 --> 00:25:49,890
know altogether more than them you were
 

1087
00:25:49,890 --> 00:25:52,190
know altogether more than them you were
predicting and now that these look like

1088
00:25:52,190 --> 00:25:52,200
predicting and now that these look like
 

1089
00:25:52,200 --> 00:25:53,600
predicting and now that these look like
they're gonna be lasting features of the

1090
00:25:53,600 --> 00:25:53,610
they're gonna be lasting features of the
 

1091
00:25:53,610 --> 00:25:55,850
they're gonna be lasting features of the
planet how's it going to change is there

1092
00:25:55,850 --> 00:25:55,860
planet how's it going to change is there
 

1093
00:25:55,860 --> 00:25:59,510
planet how's it going to change is there
anything you know at this point you

1094
00:25:59,510 --> 00:25:59,520
anything you know at this point you
 

1095
00:25:59,520 --> 00:26:01,600
anything you know at this point you
oughta try it yeah I'll give it a whirl

1096
00:26:01,600 --> 00:26:01,610
oughta try it yeah I'll give it a whirl
 

1097
00:26:01,610 --> 00:26:04,280
oughta try it yeah I'll give it a whirl
well we we don't we won't know for a few

1098
00:26:04,280 --> 00:26:04,290
well we we don't we won't know for a few
 

1099
00:26:04,290 --> 00:26:07,160
well we we don't we won't know for a few
days I think how long did these features

1100
00:26:07,160 --> 00:26:07,170
days I think how long did these features
 

1101
00:26:07,170 --> 00:26:10,180
days I think how long did these features
are it could be a very tenuous

1102
00:26:10,180 --> 00:26:10,190
are it could be a very tenuous
 

1103
00:26:10,190 --> 00:26:13,220
are it could be a very tenuous
deposition of material that splotch and

1104
00:26:13,220 --> 00:26:13,230
deposition of material that splotch and
 

1105
00:26:13,230 --> 00:26:15,530
deposition of material that splotch and
the zonal winds on Jupiter are pretty

1106
00:26:15,530 --> 00:26:15,540
the zonal winds on Jupiter are pretty
 

1107
00:26:15,540 --> 00:26:17,690
the zonal winds on Jupiter are pretty
strong so they could cheer it out and

1108
00:26:17,690 --> 00:26:17,700
strong so they could cheer it out and
 

1109
00:26:17,700 --> 00:26:20,030
strong so they could cheer it out and
spread it out based on what we've seen

1110
00:26:20,030 --> 00:26:20,040
spread it out based on what we've seen
 

1111
00:26:20,040 --> 00:26:22,340
spread it out based on what we've seen
however just from the the few that we've

1112
00:26:22,340 --> 00:26:22,350
however just from the the few that we've
 

1113
00:26:22,350 --> 00:26:24,920
however just from the the few that we've
seen it looks pretty clear that that

1114
00:26:24,920 --> 00:26:24,930
seen it looks pretty clear that that
 

1115
00:26:24,930 --> 00:26:28,250
seen it looks pretty clear that that
whole band of latitude is going to be

1116
00:26:28,250 --> 00:26:28,260
whole band of latitude is going to be
 

1117
00:26:28,260 --> 00:26:33,010
whole band of latitude is going to be
pockmarked with these impact sites and

1118
00:26:33,010 --> 00:26:33,020
pockmarked with these impact sites and
 

1119
00:26:33,020 --> 00:26:35,240
pockmarked with these impact sites and
heaven only knows what I'm going to show

1120
00:26:35,240 --> 00:26:35,250
heaven only knows what I'm going to show
 

1121
00:26:35,250 --> 00:26:36,740
heaven only knows what I'm going to show
you a week from now and I'll show you

1122
00:26:36,740 --> 00:26:36,750
you a week from now and I'll show you
 

1123
00:26:36,750 --> 00:26:39,320
you a week from now and I'll show you
that movie yeah except that we're not at

1124
00:26:39,320 --> 00:26:39,330
that movie yeah except that we're not at
 

1125
00:26:39,330 --> 00:26:41,630
that movie yeah except that we're not at
the moment expecting that these impact

1126
00:26:41,630 --> 00:26:41,640
the moment expecting that these impact
 

1127
00:26:41,640 --> 00:26:43,880
the moment expecting that these impact
sites and whatever is forming are going

1128
00:26:43,880 --> 00:26:43,890
sites and whatever is forming are going
 

1129
00:26:43,890 --> 00:26:45,530
sites and whatever is forming are going
to last permanently there they're very

1130
00:26:45,530 --> 00:26:45,540
to last permanently there they're very
 

1131
00:26:45,540 --> 00:26:47,510
to last permanently there they're very
brief we're expecting that they will

1132
00:26:47,510 --> 00:26:47,520
brief we're expecting that they will
 

1133
00:26:47,520 --> 00:26:49,400
brief we're expecting that they will
disappear within a matter of days or

1134
00:26:49,400 --> 00:26:49,410
disappear within a matter of days or
 

1135
00:26:49,410 --> 00:26:51,620
disappear within a matter of days or
weeks I don't think Bob West would agree

1136
00:26:51,620 --> 00:26:51,630
weeks I don't think Bob West would agree
 

1137
00:26:51,630 --> 00:26:53,480
weeks I don't think Bob West would agree
with that one no you've got a

1138
00:26:53,480 --> 00:26:53,490
with that one no you've got a
 

1139
00:26:53,490 --> 00:26:56,810
with that one no you've got a
program yeah absolutely we're dumping a

1140
00:26:56,810 --> 00:26:56,820
program yeah absolutely we're dumping a
 

1141
00:26:56,820 --> 00:26:58,780
program yeah absolutely we're dumping a
lot of material in the stratosphere and

1142
00:26:58,780 --> 00:26:58,790
lot of material in the stratosphere and
 

1143
00:26:58,790 --> 00:27:01,850
lot of material in the stratosphere and
you know as we see on in the earth when

1144
00:27:01,850 --> 00:27:01,860
you know as we see on in the earth when
 

1145
00:27:01,860 --> 00:27:03,860
you know as we see on in the earth when
Pinatubo erupted and you through all

1146
00:27:03,860 --> 00:27:03,870
Pinatubo erupted and you through all
 

1147
00:27:03,870 --> 00:27:05,419
Pinatubo erupted and you through all
that material in the stratosphere of the

1148
00:27:05,419 --> 00:27:05,429
that material in the stratosphere of the
 

1149
00:27:05,429 --> 00:27:07,790
that material in the stratosphere of the
earth it hung around for a long time we

1150
00:27:07,790 --> 00:27:07,800
earth it hung around for a long time we
 

1151
00:27:07,800 --> 00:27:09,560
earth it hung around for a long time we
were seeing beautiful sunsets for a very

1152
00:27:09,560 --> 00:27:09,570
were seeing beautiful sunsets for a very
 

1153
00:27:09,570 --> 00:27:12,500
were seeing beautiful sunsets for a very
long time so you know this stuff could

1154
00:27:12,500 --> 00:27:12,510
long time so you know this stuff could
 

1155
00:27:12,510 --> 00:27:13,910
long time so you know this stuff could
hang around in the stratosphere of

1156
00:27:13,910 --> 00:27:13,920
hang around in the stratosphere of
 

1157
00:27:13,920 --> 00:27:16,130
hang around in the stratosphere of
Jupiter for a while and we have programs

1158
00:27:16,130 --> 00:27:16,140
Jupiter for a while and we have programs
 

1159
00:27:16,140 --> 00:27:17,840
Jupiter for a while and we have programs
on the Hubble and many other

1160
00:27:17,840 --> 00:27:17,850
on the Hubble and many other
 

1161
00:27:17,850 --> 00:27:20,000
on the Hubble and many other
ground-based telescopes to look for that

1162
00:27:20,000 --> 00:27:20,010
ground-based telescopes to look for that
 

1163
00:27:20,010 --> 00:27:23,480
ground-based telescopes to look for that
for a week after a month after many

1164
00:27:23,480 --> 00:27:23,490
for a week after a month after many
 

1165
00:27:23,490 --> 00:27:26,030
for a week after a month after many
months after and we will be able to tell

1166
00:27:26,030 --> 00:27:26,040
months after and we will be able to tell
 

1167
00:27:26,040 --> 00:27:27,320
months after and we will be able to tell
you until we've done those observations

1168
00:27:27,320 --> 00:27:27,330
you until we've done those observations
 

1169
00:27:27,330 --> 00:27:29,720
you until we've done those observations
how long it's going to hang around this

1170
00:27:29,720 --> 00:27:29,730
how long it's going to hang around this
 

1171
00:27:29,730 --> 00:27:31,549
how long it's going to hang around this
may be one of the surprises we were

1172
00:27:31,549 --> 00:27:31,559
may be one of the surprises we were
 

1173
00:27:31,559 --> 00:27:33,230
may be one of the surprises we were
looking for yeah I'm going to stop being

1174
00:27:33,230 --> 00:27:33,240
looking for yeah I'm going to stop being
 

1175
00:27:33,240 --> 00:27:37,460
looking for yeah I'm going to stop being
conservative maybe what you were leading

1176
00:27:37,460 --> 00:27:37,470
conservative maybe what you were leading
 

1177
00:27:37,470 --> 00:27:40,520
conservative maybe what you were leading
to heidi is that you know as a higher

1178
00:27:40,520 --> 00:27:40,530
to heidi is that you know as a higher
 

1179
00:27:40,530 --> 00:27:42,470
to heidi is that you know as a higher
altitude of stuff spreads out there

1180
00:27:42,470 --> 00:27:42,480
altitude of stuff spreads out there
 

1181
00:27:42,480 --> 00:27:44,450
altitude of stuff spreads out there
there's going to be a haze band very

1182
00:27:44,450 --> 00:27:44,460
there's going to be a haze band very
 

1183
00:27:44,460 --> 00:27:46,430
there's going to be a haze band very
likely something that will be readily

1184
00:27:46,430 --> 00:27:46,440
likely something that will be readily
 

1185
00:27:46,440 --> 00:27:49,100
likely something that will be readily
observable even with a small telescope

1186
00:27:49,100 --> 00:27:49,110
observable even with a small telescope
 

1187
00:27:49,110 --> 00:27:50,480
observable even with a small telescope
on the ground that maybe have broad

1188
00:27:50,480 --> 00:27:50,490
on the ground that maybe have broad
 

1189
00:27:50,490 --> 00:27:51,950
on the ground that maybe have broad
enough feature that will be seen for

1190
00:27:51,950 --> 00:27:51,960
enough feature that will be seen for
 

1191
00:27:51,960 --> 00:27:53,600
enough feature that will be seen for
some time which i think is exciting for

1192
00:27:53,600 --> 00:27:53,610
some time which i think is exciting for
 

1193
00:27:53,610 --> 00:27:55,340
some time which i think is exciting for
all everybody it'll be interesting to

1194
00:27:55,340 --> 00:27:55,350
all everybody it'll be interesting to
 

1195
00:27:55,350 --> 00:27:59,060
all everybody it'll be interesting to
see if those features stay dark very

1196
00:27:59,060 --> 00:27:59,070
see if those features stay dark very
 

1197
00:27:59,070 --> 00:28:03,650
see if those features stay dark very
interesting to see a senior sky of an

1198
00:28:03,650 --> 00:28:03,660
interesting to see a senior sky of an
 

1199
00:28:03,660 --> 00:28:06,950
interesting to see a senior sky of an
educator who do to us a size of fragment

1200
00:28:06,950 --> 00:28:06,960
educator who do to us a size of fragment
 

1201
00:28:06,960 --> 00:28:10,870
educator who do to us a size of fragment
b c d e and what happened to those

1202
00:28:10,870 --> 00:28:10,880
b c d e and what happened to those
 

1203
00:28:10,880 --> 00:28:13,820
b c d e and what happened to those
fragment i heard that the Hubble Space

1204
00:28:13,820 --> 00:28:13,830
fragment i heard that the Hubble Space
 

1205
00:28:13,830 --> 00:28:16,310
fragment i heard that the Hubble Space
Telescope is taking a picture just 10

1206
00:28:16,310 --> 00:28:16,320
Telescope is taking a picture just 10
 

1207
00:28:16,320 --> 00:28:19,460
Telescope is taking a picture just 10
hour before the Corazon itself so what

1208
00:28:19,460 --> 00:28:19,470
hour before the Corazon itself so what
 

1209
00:28:19,470 --> 00:28:21,860
hour before the Corazon itself so what
happened to fragmented selex before the

1210
00:28:21,860 --> 00:28:21,870
happened to fragmented selex before the
 

1211
00:28:21,870 --> 00:28:24,410
happened to fragmented selex before the
collision is broke down are you still

1212
00:28:24,410 --> 00:28:24,420
collision is broke down are you still
 

1213
00:28:24,420 --> 00:28:28,460
collision is broke down are you still
keep this shape or something alright I

1214
00:28:28,460 --> 00:28:28,470
keep this shape or something alright I
 

1215
00:28:28,470 --> 00:28:32,510
keep this shape or something alright I
can try um I it looked as though in the

1216
00:28:32,510 --> 00:28:32,520
can try um I it looked as though in the
 

1217
00:28:32,520 --> 00:28:34,780
can try um I it looked as though in the
days preceding the impact of fragment a

1218
00:28:34,780 --> 00:28:34,790
days preceding the impact of fragment a
 

1219
00:28:34,790 --> 00:28:37,790
days preceding the impact of fragment a
there was a report that that the that

1220
00:28:37,790 --> 00:28:37,800
there was a report that that the that
 

1221
00:28:37,800 --> 00:28:42,320
there was a report that that the that
the fragment was becoming much more oval

1222
00:28:42,320 --> 00:28:42,330
the fragment was becoming much more oval
 

1223
00:28:42,330 --> 00:28:44,960
the fragment was becoming much more oval
and one report said that the nucleus it

1224
00:28:44,960 --> 00:28:44,970
and one report said that the nucleus it
 

1225
00:28:44,970 --> 00:28:46,700
and one report said that the nucleus it
meant the nucleus was splitting up but

1226
00:28:46,700 --> 00:28:46,710
meant the nucleus was splitting up but
 

1227
00:28:46,710 --> 00:28:49,850
meant the nucleus was splitting up but
how Weaver definitely wanted to stop

1228
00:28:49,850 --> 00:28:49,860
how Weaver definitely wanted to stop
 

1229
00:28:49,860 --> 00:28:51,919
how Weaver definitely wanted to stop
that idea saying that it was just the

1230
00:28:51,919 --> 00:28:51,929
that idea saying that it was just the
 

1231
00:28:51,929 --> 00:28:54,650
that idea saying that it was just the
dust coma around the nucleus that was

1232
00:28:54,650 --> 00:28:54,660
dust coma around the nucleus that was
 

1233
00:28:54,660 --> 00:28:58,160
dust coma around the nucleus that was
starting to to be pulled on by Jupiter's

1234
00:28:58,160 --> 00:28:58,170
starting to to be pulled on by Jupiter's
 

1235
00:28:58,170 --> 00:28:59,750
starting to to be pulled on by Jupiter's
gravity so that it would start getting

1236
00:28:59,750 --> 00:28:59,760
gravity so that it would start getting
 

1237
00:28:59,760 --> 00:29:02,419
gravity so that it would start getting
more elliptical all the evidence we have

1238
00:29:02,419 --> 00:29:02,429
more elliptical all the evidence we have
 

1239
00:29:02,429 --> 00:29:05,419
more elliptical all the evidence we have
right now indicates that fragment a must

1240
00:29:05,419 --> 00:29:05,429
right now indicates that fragment a must
 

1241
00:29:05,429 --> 00:29:06,320
right now indicates that fragment a must
have impact

1242
00:29:06,320 --> 00:29:06,330
have impact
 

1243
00:29:06,330 --> 00:29:09,470
have impact
pretty well intact and that elongation

1244
00:29:09,470 --> 00:29:09,480
pretty well intact and that elongation
 

1245
00:29:09,480 --> 00:29:11,570
pretty well intact and that elongation
we were seeing in the days before was

1246
00:29:11,570 --> 00:29:11,580
we were seeing in the days before was
 

1247
00:29:11,580 --> 00:29:15,560
we were seeing in the days before was
simply the coma of the that particular

1248
00:29:15,560 --> 00:29:15,570
simply the coma of the that particular
 

1249
00:29:15,570 --> 00:29:17,570
simply the coma of the that particular
comet that was starting to get pulled in

1250
00:29:17,570 --> 00:29:17,580
comet that was starting to get pulled in
 

1251
00:29:17,580 --> 00:29:20,389
comet that was starting to get pulled in
towards Jupiter but I think in partial

1252
00:29:20,389 --> 00:29:20,399
towards Jupiter but I think in partial
 

1253
00:29:20,399 --> 00:29:22,009
towards Jupiter but I think in partial
answer the quite the thing that you were

1254
00:29:22,009 --> 00:29:22,019
answer the quite the thing that you were
 

1255
00:29:22,019 --> 00:29:24,919
answer the quite the thing that you were
suggesting earlier David was that the

1256
00:29:24,919 --> 00:29:24,929
suggesting earlier David was that the
 

1257
00:29:24,929 --> 00:29:28,549
suggesting earlier David was that the
nuclei that are off the line may in fact

1258
00:29:28,549 --> 00:29:28,559
nuclei that are off the line may in fact
 

1259
00:29:28,559 --> 00:29:32,090
nuclei that are off the line may in fact
be essentially swarms of objects so a

1260
00:29:32,090 --> 00:29:32,100
be essentially swarms of objects so a
 

1261
00:29:32,100 --> 00:29:35,180
be essentially swarms of objects so a
maybe mostly a single object be maybe a

1262
00:29:35,180 --> 00:29:35,190
maybe mostly a single object be maybe a
 

1263
00:29:35,190 --> 00:29:37,639
maybe mostly a single object be maybe a
swarm see is again mostly a single

1264
00:29:37,639 --> 00:29:37,649
swarm see is again mostly a single
 

1265
00:29:37,649 --> 00:29:39,740
swarm see is again mostly a single
object and we come back and he sort of

1266
00:29:39,740 --> 00:29:39,750
object and we come back and he sort of
 

1267
00:29:39,750 --> 00:29:41,509
object and we come back and he sort of
sort of pick out the candidates for just

1268
00:29:41,509 --> 00:29:41,519
sort of pick out the candidates for just
 

1269
00:29:41,519 --> 00:29:43,310
sort of pick out the candidates for just
swarms and those are the things that

1270
00:29:43,310 --> 00:29:43,320
swarms and those are the things that
 

1271
00:29:43,320 --> 00:29:45,649
swarms and those are the things that
have less mass and less energy and will

1272
00:29:45,649 --> 00:29:45,659
have less mass and less energy and will
 

1273
00:29:45,659 --> 00:29:47,870
have less mass and less energy and will
produce less than of an effect when they

1274
00:29:47,870 --> 00:29:47,880
produce less than of an effect when they
 

1275
00:29:47,880 --> 00:29:52,310
produce less than of an effect when they
hit Jupiter front glenda chu San Jose

1276
00:29:52,310 --> 00:29:52,320
hit Jupiter front glenda chu San Jose
 

1277
00:29:52,320 --> 00:29:54,289
hit Jupiter front glenda chu San Jose
Mercury News I have two questions one

1278
00:29:54,289 --> 00:29:54,299
Mercury News I have two questions one
 

1279
00:29:54,299 --> 00:29:56,419
Mercury News I have two questions one
for David Lee V the the two reports that

1280
00:29:56,419 --> 00:29:56,429
for David Lee V the the two reports that
 

1281
00:29:56,429 --> 00:29:59,330
for David Lee V the the two reports that
you got of flashes possibly being seen

1282
00:29:59,330 --> 00:29:59,340
you got of flashes possibly being seen
 

1283
00:29:59,340 --> 00:30:00,769
you got of flashes possibly being seen
from small telescopes at rise

1284
00:30:00,769 --> 00:30:00,779
from small telescopes at rise
 

1285
00:30:00,779 --> 00:30:02,750
from small telescopes at rise
observatory could you tell us where that

1286
00:30:02,750 --> 00:30:02,760
observatory could you tell us where that
 

1287
00:30:02,760 --> 00:30:04,879
observatory could you tell us where that
Observatory is and that were those

1288
00:30:04,879 --> 00:30:04,889
Observatory is and that were those
 

1289
00:30:04,889 --> 00:30:07,519
Observatory is and that were those
observatory and Hezbollah and where were

1290
00:30:07,519 --> 00:30:07,529
observatory and Hezbollah and where were
 

1291
00:30:07,529 --> 00:30:09,440
observatory and Hezbollah and where were
those Observatory telescopes how big

1292
00:30:09,440 --> 00:30:09,450
those Observatory telescopes how big
 

1293
00:30:09,450 --> 00:30:10,820
those Observatory telescopes how big
were they or were they amateur

1294
00:30:10,820 --> 00:30:10,830
were they or were they amateur
 

1295
00:30:10,830 --> 00:30:12,680
were they or were they amateur
telescopes nearby and I have one other

1296
00:30:12,680 --> 00:30:12,690
telescopes nearby and I have one other
 

1297
00:30:12,690 --> 00:30:15,350
telescopes nearby and I have one other
question yeah thnkx the the wiser betray

1298
00:30:15,350 --> 00:30:15,360
question yeah thnkx the the wiser betray
 

1299
00:30:15,360 --> 00:30:18,620
question yeah thnkx the the wiser betray
is in southern Israel it's us south of

1300
00:30:18,620 --> 00:30:18,630
is in southern Israel it's us south of
 

1301
00:30:18,630 --> 00:30:21,830
is in southern Israel it's us south of
Beersheba and it's in it's in the Negev

1302
00:30:21,830 --> 00:30:21,840
Beersheba and it's in it's in the Negev
 

1303
00:30:21,840 --> 00:30:24,580
Beersheba and it's in it's in the Negev
desert beautiful beautiful conditions

1304
00:30:24,580 --> 00:30:24,590
desert beautiful beautiful conditions
 

1305
00:30:24,590 --> 00:30:27,710
desert beautiful beautiful conditions
although I understand from Jim Scotti at

1306
00:30:27,710 --> 00:30:27,720
although I understand from Jim Scotti at
 

1307
00:30:27,720 --> 00:30:29,539
although I understand from Jim Scotti at
the from the University of Arizona who's

1308
00:30:29,539 --> 00:30:29,549
the from the University of Arizona who's
 

1309
00:30:29,549 --> 00:30:32,539
the from the University of Arizona who's
actually observing their that they have

1310
00:30:32,539 --> 00:30:32,549
actually observing their that they have
 

1311
00:30:32,549 --> 00:30:34,220
actually observing their that they have
been having a lot of clouds and were

1312
00:30:34,220 --> 00:30:34,230
been having a lot of clouds and were
 

1313
00:30:34,230 --> 00:30:36,169
been having a lot of clouds and were
really lucky that it cleared up at

1314
00:30:36,169 --> 00:30:36,179
really lucky that it cleared up at
 

1315
00:30:36,179 --> 00:30:38,710
really lucky that it cleared up at
impact time were there abouts

1316
00:30:38,710 --> 00:30:38,720
impact time were there abouts
 

1317
00:30:38,720 --> 00:30:41,539
impact time were there abouts
surrounding the observatory the gym

1318
00:30:41,539 --> 00:30:41,549
surrounding the observatory the gym
 

1319
00:30:41,549 --> 00:30:44,509
surrounding the observatory the gym
Scotty was observing him were a lot of

1320
00:30:44,509 --> 00:30:44,519
Scotty was observing him were a lot of
 

1321
00:30:44,519 --> 00:30:47,810
Scotty was observing him were a lot of
the whole crowd of either amateur

1322
00:30:47,810 --> 00:30:47,820
the whole crowd of either amateur
 

1323
00:30:47,820 --> 00:30:50,899
the whole crowd of either amateur
advanced amateurs or professionals with

1324
00:30:50,899 --> 00:30:50,909
advanced amateurs or professionals with
 

1325
00:30:50,909 --> 00:30:53,899
advanced amateurs or professionals with
just small telescopes trying to see if

1326
00:30:53,899 --> 00:30:53,909
just small telescopes trying to see if
 

1327
00:30:53,909 --> 00:30:56,570
just small telescopes trying to see if
they could see the flashes to people

1328
00:30:56,570 --> 00:30:56,580
they could see the flashes to people
 

1329
00:30:56,580 --> 00:30:59,570
they could see the flashes to people
with I believe a four-inch diameter and

1330
00:30:59,570 --> 00:30:59,580
with I believe a four-inch diameter and
 

1331
00:30:59,580 --> 00:31:03,950
with I believe a four-inch diameter and
a 10 inch diameter telescope detected

1332
00:31:03,950 --> 00:31:03,960
a 10 inch diameter telescope detected
 

1333
00:31:03,960 --> 00:31:05,779
a 10 inch diameter telescope detected
seeing the impact flashes these are

1334
00:31:05,779 --> 00:31:05,789
seeing the impact flashes these are
 

1335
00:31:05,789 --> 00:31:09,409
seeing the impact flashes these are
small telescopes that you can just go

1336
00:31:09,409 --> 00:31:09,419
small telescopes that you can just go
 

1337
00:31:09,419 --> 00:31:12,710
small telescopes that you can just go
out and get in a store somewhere and so

1338
00:31:12,710 --> 00:31:12,720
out and get in a store somewhere and so
 

1339
00:31:12,720 --> 00:31:15,110
out and get in a store somewhere and so
I want to be very cautious about this

1340
00:31:15,110 --> 00:31:15,120
I want to be very cautious about this
 

1341
00:31:15,120 --> 00:31:17,480
I want to be very cautious about this
because they were not can no one else

1342
00:31:17,480 --> 00:31:17,490
because they were not can no one else
 

1343
00:31:17,490 --> 00:31:19,600
because they were not can no one else
has seen this no one else has reported

1344
00:31:19,600 --> 00:31:19,610
has seen this no one else has reported
 

1345
00:31:19,610 --> 00:31:23,260
has seen this no one else has reported
impact flashes however it does mean that

1346
00:31:23,260 --> 00:31:23,270
impact flashes however it does mean that
 

1347
00:31:23,270 --> 00:31:25,470
impact flashes however it does mean that
people with telescopes of that size

1348
00:31:25,470 --> 00:31:25,480
people with telescopes of that size
 

1349
00:31:25,480 --> 00:31:28,030
people with telescopes of that size
knowing exactly where to look at the

1350
00:31:28,030 --> 00:31:28,040
knowing exactly where to look at the
 

1351
00:31:28,040 --> 00:31:30,370
knowing exactly where to look at the
limb on the limb of Jupiter the edge of

1352
00:31:30,370 --> 00:31:30,380
limb on the limb of Jupiter the edge of
 

1353
00:31:30,380 --> 00:31:33,970
limb on the limb of Jupiter the edge of
Jupiter should be able to to at least

1354
00:31:33,970 --> 00:31:33,980
Jupiter should be able to to at least
 

1355
00:31:33,980 --> 00:31:36,070
Jupiter should be able to to at least
try to see if some of the later impacts

1356
00:31:36,070 --> 00:31:36,080
try to see if some of the later impacts
 

1357
00:31:36,080 --> 00:31:39,970
try to see if some of the later impacts
will display meteor flashes as the

1358
00:31:39,970 --> 00:31:39,980
will display meteor flashes as the
 

1359
00:31:39,980 --> 00:31:44,470
will display meteor flashes as the
initial media comes in I had I I'm kind

1360
00:31:44,470 --> 00:31:44,480
initial media comes in I had I I'm kind
 

1361
00:31:44,480 --> 00:31:46,090
initial media comes in I had I I'm kind
of confused about the term fireball to

1362
00:31:46,090 --> 00:31:46,100
of confused about the term fireball to
 

1363
00:31:46,100 --> 00:31:48,940
of confused about the term fireball to
keep people keep using as I understood

1364
00:31:48,940 --> 00:31:48,950
keep people keep using as I understood
 

1365
00:31:48,950 --> 00:31:50,560
keep people keep using as I understood
it there's no oxygen on Jupiter they

1366
00:31:50,560 --> 00:31:50,570
it there's no oxygen on Jupiter they
 

1367
00:31:50,570 --> 00:31:52,120
it there's no oxygen on Jupiter they
can't be any fire and people keep

1368
00:31:52,120 --> 00:31:52,130
can't be any fire and people keep
 

1369
00:31:52,130 --> 00:31:53,620
can't be any fire and people keep
talking about a fireball and a plume

1370
00:31:53,620 --> 00:31:53,630
talking about a fireball and a plume
 

1371
00:31:53,630 --> 00:31:57,730
talking about a fireball and a plume
what exactly is this thing burning or is

1372
00:31:57,730 --> 00:31:57,740
what exactly is this thing burning or is
 

1373
00:31:57,740 --> 00:32:00,010
what exactly is this thing burning or is
it simply very hot what what is it is it

1374
00:32:00,010 --> 00:32:00,020
it simply very hot what what is it is it
 

1375
00:32:00,020 --> 00:32:02,020
it simply very hot what what is it is it
just an expanding bubble of hot gas or

1376
00:32:02,020 --> 00:32:02,030
just an expanding bubble of hot gas or
 

1377
00:32:02,030 --> 00:32:04,240
just an expanding bubble of hot gas or
can you describe it yeah there are

1378
00:32:04,240 --> 00:32:04,250
can you describe it yeah there are
 

1379
00:32:04,250 --> 00:32:05,799
can you describe it yeah there are
number of different events the first we

1380
00:32:05,799 --> 00:32:05,809
number of different events the first we
 

1381
00:32:05,809 --> 00:32:08,440
number of different events the first we
call the meteor phase this is this

1382
00:32:08,440 --> 00:32:08,450
call the meteor phase this is this
 

1383
00:32:08,450 --> 00:32:11,590
call the meteor phase this is this
happens when the fragment is coming into

1384
00:32:11,590 --> 00:32:11,600
happens when the fragment is coming into
 

1385
00:32:11,600 --> 00:32:14,770
happens when the fragment is coming into
Jupiter it it enters Jupiter

1386
00:32:14,770 --> 00:32:14,780
Jupiter it it enters Jupiter
 

1387
00:32:14,780 --> 00:32:17,740
Jupiter it it enters Jupiter
stratosphere it starts to interact with

1388
00:32:17,740 --> 00:32:17,750
stratosphere it starts to interact with
 

1389
00:32:17,750 --> 00:32:19,659
stratosphere it starts to interact with
the atmosphere just like a meteor on

1390
00:32:19,659 --> 00:32:19,669
the atmosphere just like a meteor on
 

1391
00:32:19,669 --> 00:32:21,520
the atmosphere just like a meteor on
earth that we see any night of any night

1392
00:32:21,520 --> 00:32:21,530
earth that we see any night of any night
 

1393
00:32:21,530 --> 00:32:23,650
earth that we see any night of any night
of the year and next month on August

1394
00:32:23,650 --> 00:32:23,660
of the year and next month on August
 

1395
00:32:23,660 --> 00:32:25,630
of the year and next month on August
eleventh with the perseid shower that we

1396
00:32:25,630 --> 00:32:25,640
eleventh with the perseid shower that we
 

1397
00:32:25,640 --> 00:32:26,970
eleventh with the perseid shower that we
should be seeing a lot of them but

1398
00:32:26,970 --> 00:32:26,980
should be seeing a lot of them but
 

1399
00:32:26,980 --> 00:32:30,700
should be seeing a lot of them but
instead of a grain of sand producing the

1400
00:32:30,700 --> 00:32:30,710
instead of a grain of sand producing the
 

1401
00:32:30,710 --> 00:32:32,409
instead of a grain of sand producing the
bright meteor this is an object one

1402
00:32:32,409 --> 00:32:32,419
bright meteor this is an object one
 

1403
00:32:32,419 --> 00:32:34,720
bright meteor this is an object one
kilometer that's more than well more

1404
00:32:34,720 --> 00:32:34,730
kilometer that's more than well more
 

1405
00:32:34,730 --> 00:32:39,340
kilometer that's more than well more
than half a mile wide producing a very

1406
00:32:39,340 --> 00:32:39,350
than half a mile wide producing a very
 

1407
00:32:39,350 --> 00:32:41,950
than half a mile wide producing a very
very bright meteor lasting like the

1408
00:32:41,950 --> 00:32:41,960
very bright meteor lasting like the
 

1409
00:32:41,960 --> 00:32:45,280
very bright meteor lasting like the
meteors on earth a second or so then it

1410
00:32:45,280 --> 00:32:45,290
meteors on earth a second or so then it
 

1411
00:32:45,290 --> 00:32:47,950
meteors on earth a second or so then it
disappears it goes down into into

1412
00:32:47,950 --> 00:32:47,960
disappears it goes down into into
 

1413
00:32:47,960 --> 00:32:51,039
disappears it goes down into into
Jupiter's clouds explode somewhere well

1414
00:32:51,039 --> 00:32:51,049
Jupiter's clouds explode somewhere well
 

1415
00:32:51,049 --> 00:32:53,919
Jupiter's clouds explode somewhere well
below the clouds and then a huge

1416
00:32:53,919 --> 00:32:53,929
below the clouds and then a huge
 

1417
00:32:53,929 --> 00:32:56,740
below the clouds and then a huge
fireball cloud comes up we've all heard

1418
00:32:56,740 --> 00:32:56,750
fireball cloud comes up we've all heard
 

1419
00:32:56,750 --> 00:33:00,400
fireball cloud comes up we've all heard
of the sad but accurate term the nuclear

1420
00:33:00,400 --> 00:33:00,410
of the sad but accurate term the nuclear
 

1421
00:33:00,410 --> 00:33:02,950
of the sad but accurate term the nuclear
fireball after an atomic explosion where

1422
00:33:02,950 --> 00:33:02,960
fireball after an atomic explosion where
 

1423
00:33:02,960 --> 00:33:07,390
fireball after an atomic explosion where
a big huge cloud rumbles up and creates

1424
00:33:07,390 --> 00:33:07,400
a big huge cloud rumbles up and creates
 

1425
00:33:07,400 --> 00:33:10,750
a big huge cloud rumbles up and creates
a plume that lasts for several minutes

1426
00:33:10,750 --> 00:33:10,760
a plume that lasts for several minutes
 

1427
00:33:10,760 --> 00:33:14,530
a plume that lasts for several minutes
that we call the fireball and the plume

1428
00:33:14,530 --> 00:33:14,540
that we call the fireball and the plume
 

1429
00:33:14,540 --> 00:33:18,340
that we call the fireball and the plume
as a the plume of from that fireball has

1430
00:33:18,340 --> 00:33:18,350
as a the plume of from that fireball has
 

1431
00:33:18,350 --> 00:33:20,049
as a the plume of from that fireball has
apparently lasted a while and then it

1432
00:33:20,049 --> 00:33:20,059
apparently lasted a while and then it
 

1433
00:33:20,059 --> 00:33:22,210
apparently lasted a while and then it
collapsed just as jeans model its

1434
00:33:22,210 --> 00:33:22,220
collapsed just as jeans model its
 

1435
00:33:22,220 --> 00:33:25,090
collapsed just as jeans model its
chested it would yes absolutely it's

1436
00:33:25,090 --> 00:33:25,100
chested it would yes absolutely it's
 

1437
00:33:25,100 --> 00:33:28,000
chested it would yes absolutely it's
just a terminology that comes from

1438
00:33:28,000 --> 00:33:28,010
just a terminology that comes from
 

1439
00:33:28,010 --> 00:33:30,850
just a terminology that comes from
nuclear experiments where you simply

1440
00:33:30,850 --> 00:33:30,860
nuclear experiments where you simply
 

1441
00:33:30,860 --> 00:33:34,140
nuclear experiments where you simply
created tremendously hot

1442
00:33:34,140 --> 00:33:34,150
created tremendously hot
 

1443
00:33:34,150 --> 00:33:37,840
created tremendously hot
at atmospheric a mass that's shot the

1444
00:33:37,840 --> 00:33:37,850
at atmospheric a mass that's shot the
 

1445
00:33:37,850 --> 00:33:40,090
at atmospheric a mass that's shot the
the heating is actually due to the shock

1446
00:33:40,090 --> 00:33:40,100
the heating is actually due to the shock
 

1447
00:33:40,100 --> 00:33:42,730
the heating is actually due to the shock
and the temperatures go up to

1448
00:33:42,730 --> 00:33:42,740
and the temperatures go up to
 

1449
00:33:42,740 --> 00:33:44,289
and the temperatures go up to
temperatures that are way beyond

1450
00:33:44,289 --> 00:33:44,299
temperatures that are way beyond
 

1451
00:33:44,299 --> 00:33:46,060
temperatures that are way beyond
anything in our normal experience on the

1452
00:33:46,060 --> 00:33:46,070
anything in our normal experience on the
 

1453
00:33:46,070 --> 00:33:48,580
anything in our normal experience on the
earth the temperatures rise to tens of

1454
00:33:48,580 --> 00:33:48,590
earth the temperatures rise to tens of
 

1455
00:33:48,590 --> 00:33:51,430
earth the temperatures rise to tens of
thousands of degrees Kelvin and that's

1456
00:33:51,430 --> 00:33:51,440
thousands of degrees Kelvin and that's
 

1457
00:33:51,440 --> 00:33:53,200
thousands of degrees Kelvin and that's
what we mean by the fireball it doesn't

1458
00:33:53,200 --> 00:33:53,210
what we mean by the fireball it doesn't
 

1459
00:33:53,210 --> 00:33:55,060
what we mean by the fireball it doesn't
mean that something is burning it's just

1460
00:33:55,060 --> 00:33:55,070
mean that something is burning it's just
 

1461
00:33:55,070 --> 00:33:58,210
mean that something is burning it's just
extraordinarily hot by the heat is

1462
00:33:58,210 --> 00:33:58,220
extraordinarily hot by the heat is
 

1463
00:33:58,220 --> 00:34:00,520
extraordinarily hot by the heat is
coming from the shock wave not from

1464
00:34:00,520 --> 00:34:00,530
coming from the shock wave not from
 

1465
00:34:00,530 --> 00:34:03,820
coming from the shock wave not from
combustion it's it's incandescent

1466
00:34:03,820 --> 00:34:03,830
combustion it's it's incandescent
 

1467
00:34:03,830 --> 00:34:07,090
combustion it's it's incandescent
because it's so hot bubble of hot gas is

1468
00:34:07,090 --> 00:34:07,100
because it's so hot bubble of hot gas is
 

1469
00:34:07,100 --> 00:34:08,740
because it's so hot bubble of hot gas is
exactly the right way to think about it

1470
00:34:08,740 --> 00:34:08,750
exactly the right way to think about it
 

1471
00:34:08,750 --> 00:34:13,750
exactly the right way to think about it
very very hot gas Jim Jim slave ABC news

1472
00:34:13,750 --> 00:34:13,760
very very hot gas Jim Jim slave ABC news
 

1473
00:34:13,760 --> 00:34:16,359
very very hot gas Jim Jim slave ABC news
what do you have in radio emissions at

1474
00:34:16,359 --> 00:34:16,369
what do you have in radio emissions at
 

1475
00:34:16,369 --> 00:34:20,760
what do you have in radio emissions at
this point you have any seismic data I

1476
00:34:20,760 --> 00:34:20,770

 

1477
00:34:20,770 --> 00:34:23,040

don't think that we've heard any reports

1478
00:34:23,040 --> 00:34:23,050
don't think that we've heard any reports
 

1479
00:34:23,050 --> 00:34:25,720
don't think that we've heard any reports
radio emissions at the present time I'm

1480
00:34:25,720 --> 00:34:25,730
radio emissions at the present time I'm
 

1481
00:34:25,730 --> 00:34:27,190
radio emissions at the present time I'm
certainly from the impacts there was

1482
00:34:27,190 --> 00:34:27,200
certainly from the impacts there was
 

1483
00:34:27,200 --> 00:34:29,020
certainly from the impacts there was
that earlier one we heard we heard a

1484
00:34:29,020 --> 00:34:29,030
that earlier one we heard we heard a
 

1485
00:34:29,030 --> 00:34:31,540
that earlier one we heard we heard a
report from Japan this came over the

1486
00:34:31,540 --> 00:34:31,550
report from Japan this came over the
 

1487
00:34:31,550 --> 00:34:34,480
report from Japan this came over the
wire services yesterday that that

1488
00:34:34,480 --> 00:34:34,490
wire services yesterday that that
 

1489
00:34:34,490 --> 00:34:36,609
wire services yesterday that that
predates the impacts and we need to

1490
00:34:36,609 --> 00:34:36,619
predates the impacts and we need to
 

1491
00:34:36,619 --> 00:34:38,349
predates the impacts and we need to
learn more about that but in terms of

1492
00:34:38,349 --> 00:34:38,359
learn more about that but in terms of
 

1493
00:34:38,359 --> 00:34:40,990
learn more about that but in terms of
radio emission of time of impact I'm not

1494
00:34:40,990 --> 00:34:41,000
radio emission of time of impact I'm not
 

1495
00:34:41,000 --> 00:34:43,000
radio emission of time of impact I'm not
aware that we received any reports in at

1496
00:34:43,000 --> 00:34:43,010
aware that we received any reports in at
 

1497
00:34:43,010 --> 00:34:46,300
aware that we received any reports in at
the present time the second question was

1498
00:34:46,300 --> 00:34:46,310
the present time the second question was
 

1499
00:34:46,310 --> 00:34:48,369
the present time the second question was
prospect sighs me well you saw the

1500
00:34:48,369 --> 00:34:48,379
prospect sighs me well you saw the
 

1501
00:34:48,379 --> 00:34:50,770
prospect sighs me well you saw the
seismic wave there it is we're right

1502
00:34:50,770 --> 00:34:50,780
seismic wave there it is we're right
 

1503
00:34:50,780 --> 00:34:55,930
seismic wave there it is we're right
down there on your spot we were

1504
00:34:55,930 --> 00:34:55,940
down there on your spot we were
 

1505
00:34:55,940 --> 00:34:57,970
down there on your spot we were
primarily expecting to see the seismic

1506
00:34:57,970 --> 00:34:57,980
primarily expecting to see the seismic
 

1507
00:34:57,980 --> 00:35:00,370
primarily expecting to see the seismic
waves and the atmospheric waves in the

1508
00:35:00,370 --> 00:35:00,380
waves and the atmospheric waves in the
 

1509
00:35:00,380 --> 00:35:03,280
waves and the atmospheric waves in the
infrared data more so than in the

1510
00:35:03,280 --> 00:35:03,290
infrared data more so than in the
 

1511
00:35:03,290 --> 00:35:04,840
infrared data more so than in the
visible wavelength data that's where you

1512
00:35:04,840 --> 00:35:04,850
visible wavelength data that's where you
 

1513
00:35:04,850 --> 00:35:07,270
visible wavelength data that's where you
would directly detect the seismic waves

1514
00:35:07,270 --> 00:35:07,280
would directly detect the seismic waves
 

1515
00:35:07,280 --> 00:35:09,400
would directly detect the seismic waves
and in this visible wavelength data

1516
00:35:09,400 --> 00:35:09,410
and in this visible wavelength data
 

1517
00:35:09,410 --> 00:35:11,740
and in this visible wavelength data
you're seeing a secondary effect or the

1518
00:35:11,740 --> 00:35:11,750
you're seeing a secondary effect or the
 

1519
00:35:11,750 --> 00:35:13,960
you're seeing a secondary effect or the
temperature causes some kind of cloud to

1520
00:35:13,960 --> 00:35:13,970
temperature causes some kind of cloud to
 

1521
00:35:13,970 --> 00:35:16,480
temperature causes some kind of cloud to
condense in the atmosphere from what I

1522
00:35:16,480 --> 00:35:16,490
condense in the atmosphere from what I
 

1523
00:35:16,490 --> 00:35:19,150
condense in the atmosphere from what I
have heard and seen so far we have seen

1524
00:35:19,150 --> 00:35:19,160
have heard and seen so far we have seen
 

1525
00:35:19,160 --> 00:35:21,910
have heard and seen so far we have seen
the impact sites in the infrared but I

1526
00:35:21,910 --> 00:35:21,920
the impact sites in the infrared but I
 

1527
00:35:21,920 --> 00:35:24,099
the impact sites in the infrared but I
have not yet heard a report of seeing

1528
00:35:24,099 --> 00:35:24,109
have not yet heard a report of seeing
 

1529
00:35:24,109 --> 00:35:27,400
have not yet heard a report of seeing
wave phenomena in the infrared okay now

1530
00:35:27,400 --> 00:35:27,410
wave phenomena in the infrared okay now
 

1531
00:35:27,410 --> 00:35:30,490
wave phenomena in the infrared okay now
Heidi yes what's that ring around the

1532
00:35:30,490 --> 00:35:30,500
Heidi yes what's that ring around the
 

1533
00:35:30,500 --> 00:35:33,660
Heidi yes what's that ring around the
dark spot well that's a good question I

1534
00:35:33,660 --> 00:35:33,670
dark spot well that's a good question I
 

1535
00:35:33,670 --> 00:35:36,580
dark spot well that's a good question I
claim I claim that's just about the

1536
00:35:36,580 --> 00:35:36,590
claim I claim that's just about the
 

1537
00:35:36,590 --> 00:35:38,740
claim I claim that's just about the
distance at which this acoustic wave

1538
00:35:38,740 --> 00:35:38,750
distance at which this acoustic wave
 

1539
00:35:38,750 --> 00:35:41,260
distance at which this acoustic wave
should have around we all know when we

1540
00:35:41,260 --> 00:35:41,270
should have around we all know when we
 

1541
00:35:41,270 --> 00:35:43,630
should have around we all know when we
have another sequence of images where we

1542
00:35:43,630 --> 00:35:43,640
have another sequence of images where we
 

1543
00:35:43,640 --> 00:35:45,910
have another sequence of images where we
can see that expand outwards if we don't

1544
00:35:45,910 --> 00:35:45,920
can see that expand outwards if we don't
 

1545
00:35:45,920 --> 00:35:46,329
can see that expand outwards if we don't
see

1546
00:35:46,329 --> 00:35:46,339
see
 

1547
00:35:46,339 --> 00:35:48,430
see
moving outwards gene then it's not

1548
00:35:48,430 --> 00:35:48,440
moving outwards gene then it's not
 

1549
00:35:48,440 --> 00:35:50,499
moving outwards gene then it's not
likely to be an atmospheric wait this

1550
00:35:50,499 --> 00:35:50,509
likely to be an atmospheric wait this
 

1551
00:35:50,509 --> 00:35:52,329
likely to be an atmospheric wait this
isn't the best one we didn't expect to

1552
00:35:52,329 --> 00:35:52,339
isn't the best one we didn't expect to
 

1553
00:35:52,339 --> 00:35:55,209
isn't the best one we didn't expect to
see anything even we didn't plan a

1554
00:35:55,209 --> 00:35:55,219
see anything even we didn't plan a
 

1555
00:35:55,219 --> 00:35:57,400
see anything even we didn't plan a
sequence we do have images later on

1556
00:35:57,400 --> 00:35:57,410
sequence we do have images later on
 

1557
00:35:57,410 --> 00:35:59,709
sequence we do have images later on
where we're planning to take sequences

1558
00:35:59,709 --> 00:35:59,719
where we're planning to take sequences
 

1559
00:35:59,719 --> 00:36:02,170
where we're planning to take sequences
over several orbits so we can see this

1560
00:36:02,170 --> 00:36:02,180
over several orbits so we can see this
 

1561
00:36:02,180 --> 00:36:04,930
over several orbits so we can see this
wave move out and certainly as i said in

1562
00:36:04,930 --> 00:36:04,940
wave move out and certainly as i said in
 

1563
00:36:04,940 --> 00:36:07,120
wave move out and certainly as i said in
the infrared that's where we really

1564
00:36:07,120 --> 00:36:07,130
the infrared that's where we really
 

1565
00:36:07,130 --> 00:36:09,190
the infrared that's where we really
expect to see these seismic waves if you

1566
00:36:09,190 --> 00:36:09,200
expect to see these seismic waves if you
 

1567
00:36:09,200 --> 00:36:11,650
expect to see these seismic waves if you
see them here you should see them in the

1568
00:36:11,650 --> 00:36:11,660
see them here you should see them in the
 

1569
00:36:11,660 --> 00:36:14,140
see them here you should see them in the
infrared ok so we're going to have to

1570
00:36:14,140 --> 00:36:14,150
infrared ok so we're going to have to
 

1571
00:36:14,150 --> 00:36:16,329
infrared ok so we're going to have to
wait and see when we really look closely

1572
00:36:16,329 --> 00:36:16,339
wait and see when we really look closely
 

1573
00:36:16,339 --> 00:36:18,400
wait and see when we really look closely
at the end for that data you're going to

1574
00:36:18,400 --> 00:36:18,410
at the end for that data you're going to
 

1575
00:36:18,410 --> 00:36:20,380
at the end for that data you're going to
believe anything you want but you have

1576
00:36:20,380 --> 00:36:20,390
believe anything you want but you have
 

1577
00:36:20,390 --> 00:36:23,739
believe anything you want but you have
yet you have to explain why that is out

1578
00:36:23,739 --> 00:36:23,749
yet you have to explain why that is out
 

1579
00:36:23,749 --> 00:36:25,539
yet you have to explain why that is out
as far as it is and I think that's just

1580
00:36:25,539 --> 00:36:25,549
as far as it is and I think that's just
 

1581
00:36:25,549 --> 00:36:27,579
as far as it is and I think that's just
about the distance at which needs to

1582
00:36:27,579 --> 00:36:27,589
about the distance at which needs to
 

1583
00:36:27,589 --> 00:36:29,799
about the distance at which needs to
call you well ok I'll go out on the limb

1584
00:36:29,799 --> 00:36:29,809
call you well ok I'll go out on the limb
 

1585
00:36:29,809 --> 00:36:32,529
call you well ok I'll go out on the limb
here I thought that that was debris that

1586
00:36:32,529 --> 00:36:32,539
here I thought that that was debris that
 

1587
00:36:32,539 --> 00:36:34,450
here I thought that that was debris that
had fallen down I mean when we looked at

1588
00:36:34,450 --> 00:36:34,460
had fallen down I mean when we looked at
 

1589
00:36:34,460 --> 00:36:37,329
had fallen down I mean when we looked at
that plume image it's very extended and

1590
00:36:37,329 --> 00:36:37,339
that plume image it's very extended and
 

1591
00:36:37,339 --> 00:36:40,329
that plume image it's very extended and
I thought that that circular pattern was

1592
00:36:40,329 --> 00:36:40,339
I thought that that circular pattern was
 

1593
00:36:40,339 --> 00:36:44,049
I thought that that circular pattern was
the fallout from that plume ok we'll see

1594
00:36:44,049 --> 00:36:44,059
the fallout from that plume ok we'll see
 

1595
00:36:44,059 --> 00:36:45,700
the fallout from that plume ok we'll see
I'm betting it's the size of a Quaker

1596
00:36:45,700 --> 00:36:45,710
I'm betting it's the size of a Quaker
 

1597
00:36:45,710 --> 00:36:47,079
I'm betting it's the size of a Quaker
see you're seeing an effect in the

1598
00:36:47,079 --> 00:36:47,089
see you're seeing an effect in the
 

1599
00:36:47,089 --> 00:36:49,180
see you're seeing an effect in the
atmosphere member bhikkhus take way

1600
00:36:49,180 --> 00:36:49,190
atmosphere member bhikkhus take way
 

1601
00:36:49,190 --> 00:36:54,519
atmosphere member bhikkhus take way
we'll see ok this is marker o of the

1602
00:36:54,519 --> 00:36:54,529
we'll see ok this is marker o of the
 

1603
00:36:54,529 --> 00:36:56,950
we'll see ok this is marker o of the
Houston Chronicle could you go over the

1604
00:36:56,950 --> 00:36:56,960
Houston Chronicle could you go over the
 

1605
00:36:56,960 --> 00:37:00,009
Houston Chronicle could you go over the
witch of the fragments you think are the

1606
00:37:00,009 --> 00:37:00,019
witch of the fragments you think are the
 

1607
00:37:00,019 --> 00:37:02,109
witch of the fragments you think are the
largest and some estimate of what size

1608
00:37:02,109 --> 00:37:02,119
largest and some estimate of what size
 

1609
00:37:02,119 --> 00:37:04,809
largest and some estimate of what size
you think they might be and as a related

1610
00:37:04,809 --> 00:37:04,819
you think they might be and as a related
 

1611
00:37:04,819 --> 00:37:08,469
you think they might be and as a related
question the impact information you're

1612
00:37:08,469 --> 00:37:08,479
question the impact information you're
 

1613
00:37:08,479 --> 00:37:10,450
question the impact information you're
getting now what is it telling you about

1614
00:37:10,450 --> 00:37:10,460
getting now what is it telling you about
 

1615
00:37:10,460 --> 00:37:12,160
getting now what is it telling you about
what these fragments are actually made

1616
00:37:12,160 --> 00:37:12,170
what these fragments are actually made
 

1617
00:37:12,170 --> 00:37:18,569
what these fragments are actually made
of what let's look at let's look at the

1618
00:37:18,569 --> 00:37:18,579
of what let's look at let's look at the
 

1619
00:37:18,579 --> 00:37:20,650
of what let's look at let's look at the
panel in the back this is a wonderful

1620
00:37:20,650 --> 00:37:20,660
panel in the back this is a wonderful
 

1621
00:37:20,660 --> 00:37:23,049
panel in the back this is a wonderful
book there is the graphics coming up

1622
00:37:23,049 --> 00:37:23,059
book there is the graphics coming up
 

1623
00:37:23,059 --> 00:37:24,789
book there is the graphics coming up
again only they've got those horrible

1624
00:37:24,789 --> 00:37:24,799
again only they've got those horrible
 

1625
00:37:24,799 --> 00:37:30,039
again only they've got those horrible
numbers i think an ABC fe dollar all

1626
00:37:30,039 --> 00:37:30,049
numbers i think an ABC fe dollar all
 

1627
00:37:30,049 --> 00:37:34,989
numbers i think an ABC fe dollar all
numbers except for eggs except array all

1628
00:37:34,989 --> 00:37:34,999
numbers except for eggs except array all
 

1629
00:37:34,999 --> 00:37:40,660
numbers except for eggs except array all
right number 24 on there which is G that

1630
00:37:40,660 --> 00:37:40,670
right number 24 on there which is G that
 

1631
00:37:40,670 --> 00:37:44,079
right number 24 on there which is G that
big guy behind that's tomorrow G and H

1632
00:37:44,079 --> 00:37:44,089
big guy behind that's tomorrow G and H
 

1633
00:37:44,089 --> 00:37:46,599
big guy behind that's tomorrow G and H
are the biggies let's see what else is

1634
00:37:46,599 --> 00:37:46,609
are the biggies let's see what else is
 

1635
00:37:46,609 --> 00:37:51,160
are the biggies let's see what else is
in here that's re go Nadine fabulous

1636
00:37:51,160 --> 00:37:51,170
in here that's re go Nadine fabulous
 

1637
00:37:51,170 --> 00:37:53,440
in here that's re go Nadine fabulous
there we go all right all right now

1638
00:37:53,440 --> 00:37:53,450
there we go all right all right now
 

1639
00:37:53,450 --> 00:37:55,859
there we go all right all right now
we've got it H&K are

1640
00:37:55,859 --> 00:37:55,869
we've got it H&K are
 

1641
00:37:55,869 --> 00:37:57,749
we've got it H&K are
all goodies that was a little bit

1642
00:37:57,749 --> 00:37:57,759
all goodies that was a little bit
 

1643
00:37:57,759 --> 00:38:01,650
all goodies that was a little bit
smaller q1 is another biggie those are

1644
00:38:01,650 --> 00:38:01,660
smaller q1 is another biggie those are
 

1645
00:38:01,660 --> 00:38:04,890
smaller q1 is another biggie those are
the real big ones and if we engage now

1646
00:38:04,890 --> 00:38:04,900
the real big ones and if we engage now
 

1647
00:38:04,900 --> 00:38:07,589
the real big ones and if we engage now
from nucleus a and the effects we got

1648
00:38:07,589 --> 00:38:07,599
from nucleus a and the effects we got
 

1649
00:38:07,599 --> 00:38:09,870
from nucleus a and the effects we got
from that then I would say how Weaver's

1650
00:38:09,870 --> 00:38:09,880
from that then I would say how Weaver's
 

1651
00:38:09,880 --> 00:38:12,599
from that then I would say how Weaver's
estimates of the sizes that came out now

1652
00:38:12,599 --> 00:38:12,609
estimates of the sizes that came out now
 

1653
00:38:12,609 --> 00:38:14,609
estimates of the sizes that came out now
and were published in January are

1654
00:38:14,609 --> 00:38:14,619
and were published in January are
 

1655
00:38:14,619 --> 00:38:17,039
and were published in January are
probably very good and so we're talking

1656
00:38:17,039 --> 00:38:17,049
probably very good and so we're talking
 

1657
00:38:17,049 --> 00:38:18,509
probably very good and so we're talking
about three probably three

1658
00:38:18,509 --> 00:38:18,519
about three probably three
 

1659
00:38:18,519 --> 00:38:23,130
about three probably three
kilometer-sized objects for GH k and q q

1660
00:38:23,130 --> 00:38:23,140
kilometer-sized objects for GH k and q q
 

1661
00:38:23,140 --> 00:38:30,029
kilometer-sized objects for GH k and q q
one dick Kerr science magazine out in

1662
00:38:30,029 --> 00:38:30,039
one dick Kerr science magazine out in
 

1663
00:38:30,039 --> 00:38:36,230
one dick Kerr science magazine out in
the the Graham images we saw two spots

1664
00:38:36,230 --> 00:38:36,240
the the Graham images we saw two spots
 

1665
00:38:36,240 --> 00:38:42,329
the the Graham images we saw two spots
those were a and C was the B failed to

1666
00:38:42,329 --> 00:38:42,339
those were a and C was the B failed to
 

1667
00:38:42,339 --> 00:38:44,039
those were a and C was the B failed to
create one of those spots are with it

1668
00:38:44,039 --> 00:38:44,049
create one of those spots are with it
 

1669
00:38:44,049 --> 00:38:46,920
create one of those spots are with it
just not in that view and what would

1670
00:38:46,920 --> 00:38:46,930
just not in that view and what would
 

1671
00:38:46,930 --> 00:38:52,380
just not in that view and what would
that imply about mass or nature of that

1672
00:38:52,380 --> 00:38:52,390
that imply about mass or nature of that
 

1673
00:38:52,390 --> 00:38:54,660
that imply about mass or nature of that
object he would have been on the other

1674
00:38:54,660 --> 00:38:54,670
object he would have been on the other
 

1675
00:38:54,670 --> 00:38:56,940
object he would have been on the other
side and be would be would have been up

1676
00:38:56,940 --> 00:38:56,950
side and be would be would have been up
 

1677
00:38:56,950 --> 00:39:00,170
side and be would be would have been up
a few to i think but but be was detected

1678
00:39:00,170 --> 00:39:00,180
a few to i think but but be was detected
 

1679
00:39:00,180 --> 00:39:07,769
a few to i think but but be was detected
at kick attacked one more question here

1680
00:39:07,769 --> 00:39:07,779
at kick attacked one more question here
 

1681
00:39:07,779 --> 00:39:09,299
at kick attacked one more question here
and then we'll go to Kennedy Space

1682
00:39:09,299 --> 00:39:09,309
and then we'll go to Kennedy Space
 

1683
00:39:09,309 --> 00:39:11,849
and then we'll go to Kennedy Space
Center and come back after that baba

1684
00:39:11,849 --> 00:39:11,859
Center and come back after that baba
 

1685
00:39:11,859 --> 00:39:13,979
Center and come back after that baba
hagar with NBC did the new observations

1686
00:39:13,979 --> 00:39:13,989
hagar with NBC did the new observations
 

1687
00:39:13,989 --> 00:39:15,569
hagar with NBC did the new observations
tell you any more about the amount of

1688
00:39:15,569 --> 00:39:15,579
tell you any more about the amount of
 

1689
00:39:15,579 --> 00:39:18,720
tell you any more about the amount of
energy released during this event with a

1690
00:39:18,720 --> 00:39:18,730
energy released during this event with a
 

1691
00:39:18,730 --> 00:39:21,930
energy released during this event with a
and the amounts that you could expect

1692
00:39:21,930 --> 00:39:21,940
and the amounts that you could expect
 

1693
00:39:21,940 --> 00:39:26,880
and the amounts that you could expect
down the line as the others hit

1694
00:39:26,880 --> 00:39:26,890

 

1695
00:39:26,890 --> 00:39:30,130

well what we can say is that from what

1696
00:39:30,130 --> 00:39:30,140
well what we can say is that from what
 

1697
00:39:30,140 --> 00:39:32,529
well what we can say is that from what
we saw on a it was much more energetic

1698
00:39:32,529 --> 00:39:32,539
we saw on a it was much more energetic
 

1699
00:39:32,539 --> 00:39:35,049
we saw on a it was much more energetic
than we expected and so the kind of

1700
00:39:35,049 --> 00:39:35,059
than we expected and so the kind of
 

1701
00:39:35,059 --> 00:39:38,259
than we expected and so the kind of
energetics we were expecting were ten to

1702
00:39:38,259 --> 00:39:38,269
energetics we were expecting were ten to
 

1703
00:39:38,269 --> 00:39:40,690
energetics we were expecting were ten to
the twenty nine hundred million megatons

1704
00:39:40,690 --> 00:39:40,700
the twenty nine hundred million megatons
 

1705
00:39:40,700 --> 00:39:44,079
the twenty nine hundred million megatons
4G so it seems like we're seeing that

1706
00:39:44,079 --> 00:39:44,089
4G so it seems like we're seeing that
 

1707
00:39:44,089 --> 00:39:47,589
4G so it seems like we're seeing that
kind of energy for a it seems to be more

1708
00:39:47,589 --> 00:39:47,599
kind of energy for a it seems to be more
 

1709
00:39:47,599 --> 00:39:53,559
kind of energy for a it seems to be more
powerful than we expected well I'd say

1710
00:39:53,559 --> 00:39:53,569
powerful than we expected well I'd say
 

1711
00:39:53,569 --> 00:39:56,589
powerful than we expected well I'd say
about you know think we're off by a

1712
00:39:56,589 --> 00:39:56,599
about you know think we're off by a
 

1713
00:39:56,599 --> 00:39:58,989
about you know think we're off by a
factor of 10 all right yeah 10 million

1714
00:39:58,989 --> 00:39:58,999
factor of 10 all right yeah 10 million
 

1715
00:39:58,999 --> 00:40:04,150
factor of 10 all right yeah 10 million
megatons all right I'd like to go to

1716
00:40:04,150 --> 00:40:04,160
megatons all right I'd like to go to
 

1717
00:40:04,160 --> 00:40:05,710
megatons all right I'd like to go to
Kennedy Space Center we have some

1718
00:40:05,710 --> 00:40:05,720
Kennedy Space Center we have some
 

1719
00:40:05,720 --> 00:40:07,479
Kennedy Space Center we have some
questions there we will check the other

1720
00:40:07,479 --> 00:40:07,489
questions there we will check the other
 

1721
00:40:07,489 --> 00:40:09,970
questions there we will check the other
centers and come back here go ahead

1722
00:40:09,970 --> 00:40:09,980
centers and come back here go ahead
 

1723
00:40:09,980 --> 00:40:13,660
centers and come back here go ahead
Kennedy still along the Miami Herald to

1724
00:40:13,660 --> 00:40:13,670
Kennedy still along the Miami Herald to
 

1725
00:40:13,670 --> 00:40:16,210
Kennedy still along the Miami Herald to
questions but a non-technical and they

1726
00:40:16,210 --> 00:40:16,220
questions but a non-technical and they
 

1727
00:40:16,220 --> 00:40:17,890
questions but a non-technical and they
sort of come from what Heidi said about

1728
00:40:17,890 --> 00:40:17,900
sort of come from what Heidi said about
 

1729
00:40:17,900 --> 00:40:19,779
sort of come from what Heidi said about
the possibility or the good thing that

1730
00:40:19,779 --> 00:40:19,789
the possibility or the good thing that
 

1731
00:40:19,789 --> 00:40:22,509
the possibility or the good thing that
it's going to Jupiter a lot of people

1732
00:40:22,509 --> 00:40:22,519
it's going to Jupiter a lot of people
 

1733
00:40:22,519 --> 00:40:24,160
it's going to Jupiter a lot of people
are wondering today kind of a what if

1734
00:40:24,160 --> 00:40:24,170
are wondering today kind of a what if
 

1735
00:40:24,170 --> 00:40:26,650
are wondering today kind of a what if
question so what effect would it have

1736
00:40:26,650 --> 00:40:26,660
question so what effect would it have
 

1737
00:40:26,660 --> 00:40:28,450
question so what effect would it have
had if this would command anywhere

1738
00:40:28,450 --> 00:40:28,460
had if this would command anywhere
 

1739
00:40:28,460 --> 00:40:30,640
had if this would command anywhere
around North America and the second

1740
00:40:30,640 --> 00:40:30,650
around North America and the second
 

1741
00:40:30,650 --> 00:40:33,549
around North America and the second
question is a lot of people don't

1742
00:40:33,549 --> 00:40:33,559
question is a lot of people don't
 

1743
00:40:33,559 --> 00:40:35,979
question is a lot of people don't
understand an object of this relatively

1744
00:40:35,979 --> 00:40:35,989
understand an object of this relatively
 

1745
00:40:35,989 --> 00:40:43,410
understand an object of this relatively
small size how does such massive damage

1746
00:40:43,410 --> 00:40:43,420

 

1747
00:40:43,420 --> 00:40:47,950

well if a had hit North America it's

1748
00:40:47,950 --> 00:40:47,960
well if a had hit North America it's
 

1749
00:40:47,960 --> 00:40:50,680
well if a had hit North America it's
likely first of all it would have made a

1750
00:40:50,680 --> 00:40:50,690
likely first of all it would have made a
 

1751
00:40:50,690 --> 00:40:54,279
likely first of all it would have made a
crater about 20 kilometers in diameter

1752
00:40:54,279 --> 00:40:54,289
crater about 20 kilometers in diameter
 

1753
00:40:54,289 --> 00:40:59,589
crater about 20 kilometers in diameter
of course if that happened over the

1754
00:40:59,589 --> 00:40:59,599
of course if that happened over the
 

1755
00:40:59,599 --> 00:41:01,420
of course if that happened over the
baltimore-washington area it would have

1756
00:41:01,420 --> 00:41:01,430
baltimore-washington area it would have
 

1757
00:41:01,430 --> 00:41:04,809
baltimore-washington area it would have
taken us all out we wouldn't be here so

1758
00:41:04,809 --> 00:41:04,819
taken us all out we wouldn't be here so
 

1759
00:41:04,819 --> 00:41:06,160
taken us all out we wouldn't be here so
the local damage would have been just

1760
00:41:06,160 --> 00:41:06,170
the local damage would have been just
 

1761
00:41:06,170 --> 00:41:09,670
the local damage would have been just
enormous you not only take out what's in

1762
00:41:09,670 --> 00:41:09,680
enormous you not only take out what's in
 

1763
00:41:09,680 --> 00:41:11,470
enormous you not only take out what's in
the crater but you take out everything

1764
00:41:11,470 --> 00:41:11,480
the crater but you take out everything
 

1765
00:41:11,480 --> 00:41:12,999
the crater but you take out everything
that's in the ejecta blanket of the

1766
00:41:12,999 --> 00:41:13,009
that's in the ejecta blanket of the
 

1767
00:41:13,009 --> 00:41:15,249
that's in the ejecta blanket of the
crater and you knocked down things for

1768
00:41:15,249 --> 00:41:15,259
crater and you knocked down things for
 

1769
00:41:15,259 --> 00:41:16,809
crater and you knocked down things for
hundreds of kilometres a hundreds of

1770
00:41:16,809 --> 00:41:16,819
hundreds of kilometres a hundreds of
 

1771
00:41:16,819 --> 00:41:19,329
hundreds of kilometres a hundreds of
miles beyond that but also then you a

1772
00:41:19,329 --> 00:41:19,339
miles beyond that but also then you a
 

1773
00:41:19,339 --> 00:41:22,979
miles beyond that but also then you a
tremendous amount of polarized material

1774
00:41:22,979 --> 00:41:22,989
tremendous amount of polarized material
 

1775
00:41:22,989 --> 00:41:25,720
tremendous amount of polarized material
would have been carried up into the high

1776
00:41:25,720 --> 00:41:25,730
would have been carried up into the high
 

1777
00:41:25,730 --> 00:41:28,299
would have been carried up into the high
atmosphere and ultimately would spread

1778
00:41:28,299 --> 00:41:28,309
atmosphere and ultimately would spread
 

1779
00:41:28,309 --> 00:41:29,829
atmosphere and ultimately would spread
over all of the northern hemisphere

1780
00:41:29,829 --> 00:41:29,839
over all of the northern hemisphere
 

1781
00:41:29,839 --> 00:41:32,710
over all of the northern hemisphere
you'd probably get a very significant

1782
00:41:32,710 --> 00:41:32,720
you'd probably get a very significant
 

1783
00:41:32,720 --> 00:41:35,769
you'd probably get a very significant
global climatic effect from that single

1784
00:41:35,769 --> 00:41:35,779
global climatic effect from that single
 

1785
00:41:35,779 --> 00:41:38,890
global climatic effect from that single
fragment so it would

1786
00:41:38,890 --> 00:41:38,900
fragment so it would
 

1787
00:41:38,900 --> 00:41:42,220
fragment so it would
be a major disaster be probably the

1788
00:41:42,220 --> 00:41:42,230
be a major disaster be probably the
 

1789
00:41:42,230 --> 00:41:44,230
be a major disaster be probably the
worst natural disaster ever witnessed by

1790
00:41:44,230 --> 00:41:44,240
worst natural disaster ever witnessed by
 

1791
00:41:44,240 --> 00:41:49,510
worst natural disaster ever witnessed by
man and that's just for a single for a

1792
00:41:49,510 --> 00:41:49,520
man and that's just for a single for a
 

1793
00:41:49,520 --> 00:41:51,970
man and that's just for a single for a
single one i nee first fragment that we

1794
00:41:51,970 --> 00:41:51,980
single one i nee first fragment that we
 

1795
00:41:51,980 --> 00:41:56,559
single one i nee first fragment that we
didn't expect anything from and the

1796
00:41:56,559 --> 00:41:56,569
didn't expect anything from and the
 

1797
00:41:56,569 --> 00:41:58,210
didn't expect anything from and the
second part of the question how does a

1798
00:41:58,210 --> 00:41:58,220
second part of the question how does a
 

1799
00:41:58,220 --> 00:42:00,220
second part of the question how does a
such a relatively small object cause

1800
00:42:00,220 --> 00:42:00,230
such a relatively small object cause
 

1801
00:42:00,230 --> 00:42:03,549
such a relatively small object cause
that much disturbance okay the thing to

1802
00:42:03,549 --> 00:42:03,559
that much disturbance okay the thing to
 

1803
00:42:03,559 --> 00:42:07,470
that much disturbance okay the thing to
remember is that any mass of material

1804
00:42:07,470 --> 00:42:07,480
remember is that any mass of material
 

1805
00:42:07,480 --> 00:42:10,000
remember is that any mass of material
doesn't matter it matter whether it's

1806
00:42:10,000 --> 00:42:10,010
doesn't matter it matter whether it's
 

1807
00:42:10,010 --> 00:42:14,140
doesn't matter it matter whether it's
lead or custard pie if you take one gram

1808
00:42:14,140 --> 00:42:14,150
lead or custard pie if you take one gram
 

1809
00:42:14,150 --> 00:42:17,289
lead or custard pie if you take one gram
of that material and move it at the

1810
00:42:17,289 --> 00:42:17,299
of that material and move it at the
 

1811
00:42:17,299 --> 00:42:19,750
of that material and move it at the
speed of three kilometers per second

1812
00:42:19,750 --> 00:42:19,760
speed of three kilometers per second
 

1813
00:42:19,760 --> 00:42:22,329
speed of three kilometers per second
that's getting pretty fast that's faster

1814
00:42:22,329 --> 00:42:22,339
that's getting pretty fast that's faster
 

1815
00:42:22,339 --> 00:42:25,000
that's getting pretty fast that's faster
than a very high-powered rifle bullet

1816
00:42:25,000 --> 00:42:25,010
than a very high-powered rifle bullet
 

1817
00:42:25,010 --> 00:42:28,660
than a very high-powered rifle bullet
its kinetic energy is equivalent to the

1818
00:42:28,660 --> 00:42:28,670
its kinetic energy is equivalent to the
 

1819
00:42:28,670 --> 00:42:31,480
its kinetic energy is equivalent to the
same man to the combustion of the same

1820
00:42:31,480 --> 00:42:31,490
same man to the combustion of the same
 

1821
00:42:31,490 --> 00:42:34,720
same man to the combustion of the same
mass of high explosive like TNT now the

1822
00:42:34,720 --> 00:42:34,730
mass of high explosive like TNT now the
 

1823
00:42:34,730 --> 00:42:37,569
mass of high explosive like TNT now the
energy goes up as the square of the

1824
00:42:37,569 --> 00:42:37,579
energy goes up as the square of the
 

1825
00:42:37,579 --> 00:42:41,140
energy goes up as the square of the
velocity so for each gram of that comet

1826
00:42:41,140 --> 00:42:41,150
velocity so for each gram of that comet
 

1827
00:42:41,150 --> 00:42:43,480
velocity so for each gram of that comet
coming in will have not just the

1828
00:42:43,480 --> 00:42:43,490
coming in will have not just the
 

1829
00:42:43,490 --> 00:42:45,730
coming in will have not just the
equivalent mass of combustion of a gram

1830
00:42:45,730 --> 00:42:45,740
equivalent mass of combustion of a gram
 

1831
00:42:45,740 --> 00:42:50,589
equivalent mass of combustion of a gram
of TNT it will have 20 squared times as

1832
00:42:50,589 --> 00:42:50,599
of TNT it will have 20 squared times as
 

1833
00:42:50,599 --> 00:42:52,299
of TNT it will have 20 squared times as
much in other words four hundred times

1834
00:42:52,299 --> 00:42:52,309
much in other words four hundred times
 

1835
00:42:52,309 --> 00:42:54,970
much in other words four hundred times
as much energy packed into each gram as

1836
00:42:54,970 --> 00:42:54,980
as much energy packed into each gram as
 

1837
00:42:54,980 --> 00:42:57,339
as much energy packed into each gram as
the energy of combustion of TNT that's

1838
00:42:57,339 --> 00:42:57,349
the energy of combustion of TNT that's
 

1839
00:42:57,349 --> 00:43:02,079
the energy of combustion of TNT that's
why it's so damaging now this is taha

1840
00:43:02,079 --> 00:43:02,089
why it's so damaging now this is taha
 

1841
00:43:02,089 --> 00:43:04,569
why it's so damaging now this is taha
personal 40 today we've heard y'all

1842
00:43:04,569 --> 00:43:04,579
personal 40 today we've heard y'all
 

1843
00:43:04,579 --> 00:43:07,329
personal 40 today we've heard y'all
talking about fragment a I'm wondering

1844
00:43:07,329 --> 00:43:07,339
talking about fragment a I'm wondering
 

1845
00:43:07,339 --> 00:43:08,980
talking about fragment a I'm wondering
whether or not at this time you can

1846
00:43:08,980 --> 00:43:08,990
whether or not at this time you can
 

1847
00:43:08,990 --> 00:43:12,880
whether or not at this time you can
describe what was seen with fragments B

1848
00:43:12,880 --> 00:43:12,890
describe what was seen with fragments B
 

1849
00:43:12,890 --> 00:43:15,789
describe what was seen with fragments B
and C and I realized II was just

1850
00:43:15,789 --> 00:43:15,799
and C and I realized II was just
 

1851
00:43:15,799 --> 00:43:18,010
and C and I realized II was just
happening Vegas right before he came on

1852
00:43:18,010 --> 00:43:18,020
happening Vegas right before he came on
 

1853
00:43:18,020 --> 00:43:21,609
happening Vegas right before he came on
the air here C was observed as strongly

1854
00:43:21,609 --> 00:43:21,619
the air here C was observed as strongly
 

1855
00:43:21,619 --> 00:43:24,460
the air here C was observed as strongly
as a was and more recently we don't have

1856
00:43:24,460 --> 00:43:24,470
as a was and more recently we don't have
 

1857
00:43:24,470 --> 00:43:27,190
as a was and more recently we don't have
as much analysis from see as we did from

1858
00:43:27,190 --> 00:43:27,200
as much analysis from see as we did from
 

1859
00:43:27,200 --> 00:43:31,779
as much analysis from see as we did from
from a B was seemed to be a lot weaker

1860
00:43:31,779 --> 00:43:31,789
from a B was seemed to be a lot weaker
 

1861
00:43:31,789 --> 00:43:34,630
from a B was seemed to be a lot weaker
and so far we're interpreting that as

1862
00:43:34,630 --> 00:43:34,640
and so far we're interpreting that as
 

1863
00:43:34,640 --> 00:43:38,019
and so far we're interpreting that as
being the B is probably composed of more

1864
00:43:38,019 --> 00:43:38,029
being the B is probably composed of more
 

1865
00:43:38,029 --> 00:43:41,620
being the B is probably composed of more
of a rubble pile by the rubble pile it

1866
00:43:41,620 --> 00:43:41,630
of a rubble pile by the rubble pile it
 

1867
00:43:41,630 --> 00:43:45,450
of a rubble pile by the rubble pile it
was just a loosely congealed group of

1868
00:43:45,450 --> 00:43:45,460
was just a loosely congealed group of
 

1869
00:43:45,460 --> 00:43:48,250
was just a loosely congealed group of
very tiny fragments and as it got closer

1870
00:43:48,250 --> 00:43:48,260
very tiny fragments and as it got closer
 

1871
00:43:48,260 --> 00:43:50,859
very tiny fragments and as it got closer
to Jupiter just before impact they just

1872
00:43:50,859 --> 00:43:50,869
to Jupiter just before impact they just
 

1873
00:43:50,869 --> 00:43:51,970
to Jupiter just before impact they just
kind of fell apart

1874
00:43:51,970 --> 00:43:51,980
kind of fell apart
 

1875
00:43:51,980 --> 00:43:54,190
kind of fell apart
and what probably happened is it most of

1876
00:43:54,190 --> 00:43:54,200
and what probably happened is it most of
 

1877
00:43:54,200 --> 00:43:57,420
and what probably happened is it most of
be exploded much higher up in Jupiter's

1878
00:43:57,420 --> 00:43:57,430
be exploded much higher up in Jupiter's
 

1879
00:43:57,430 --> 00:44:00,520
be exploded much higher up in Jupiter's
stratosphere probably little of it or

1880
00:44:00,520 --> 00:44:00,530
stratosphere probably little of it or
 

1881
00:44:00,530 --> 00:44:03,790
stratosphere probably little of it or
not as much as we thought got down into

1882
00:44:03,790 --> 00:44:03,800
not as much as we thought got down into
 

1883
00:44:03,800 --> 00:44:06,490
not as much as we thought got down into
the atmosphere however the Keck

1884
00:44:06,490 --> 00:44:06,500
the atmosphere however the Keck
 

1885
00:44:06,500 --> 00:44:08,620
the atmosphere however the Keck
telescope which is now the world's

1886
00:44:08,620 --> 00:44:08,630
telescope which is now the world's
 

1887
00:44:08,630 --> 00:44:10,990
telescope which is now the world's
largest ground-based telescope did

1888
00:44:10,990 --> 00:44:11,000
largest ground-based telescope did
 

1889
00:44:11,000 --> 00:44:14,859
largest ground-based telescope did
observe an explosive plume from B this

1890
00:44:14,859 --> 00:44:14,869
observe an explosive plume from B this
 

1891
00:44:14,869 --> 00:44:16,240
observe an explosive plume from B this
is something that we thought would be

1892
00:44:16,240 --> 00:44:16,250
is something that we thought would be
 

1893
00:44:16,250 --> 00:44:19,180
is something that we thought would be
lucky to get on any you know remember

1894
00:44:19,180 --> 00:44:19,190
lucky to get on any you know remember
 

1895
00:44:19,190 --> 00:44:22,060
lucky to get on any you know remember
when we were upset earlier that these

1896
00:44:22,060 --> 00:44:22,070
when we were upset earlier that these
 

1897
00:44:22,070 --> 00:44:23,710
when we were upset earlier that these
fries impacts are going to be on the

1898
00:44:23,710 --> 00:44:23,720
fries impacts are going to be on the
 

1899
00:44:23,720 --> 00:44:24,849
fries impacts are going to be on the
night side we're not going to see

1900
00:44:24,849 --> 00:44:24,859
night side we're not going to see
 

1901
00:44:24,859 --> 00:44:27,370
night side we're not going to see
anything from Earth even with weekly put

1902
00:44:27,370 --> 00:44:27,380
anything from Earth even with weekly put
 

1903
00:44:27,380 --> 00:44:29,590
anything from Earth even with weekly put
together fragment be we're still free

1904
00:44:29,590 --> 00:44:29,600
together fragment be we're still free
 

1905
00:44:29,600 --> 00:44:32,770
together fragment be we're still free
seeing the explosive plume from Earth

1906
00:44:32,770 --> 00:44:32,780
seeing the explosive plume from Earth
 

1907
00:44:32,780 --> 00:44:35,650
seeing the explosive plume from Earth
with ground-based telescopes see on the

1908
00:44:35,650 --> 00:44:35,660
with ground-based telescopes see on the
 

1909
00:44:35,660 --> 00:44:38,410
with ground-based telescopes see on the
other hand appears to have been more of

1910
00:44:38,410 --> 00:44:38,420
other hand appears to have been more of
 

1911
00:44:38,420 --> 00:44:40,300
other hand appears to have been more of
a solid fragment came right down like a

1912
00:44:40,300 --> 00:44:40,310
a solid fragment came right down like a
 

1913
00:44:40,310 --> 00:44:44,740
a solid fragment came right down like a
did and made a much larger explosion

1914
00:44:44,740 --> 00:44:44,750
did and made a much larger explosion
 

1915
00:44:44,750 --> 00:44:47,920
did and made a much larger explosion
this is just our tentative idea but most

1916
00:44:47,920 --> 00:44:47,930
this is just our tentative idea but most
 

1917
00:44:47,930 --> 00:44:50,859
this is just our tentative idea but most
of us seem to agree with that at this

1918
00:44:50,859 --> 00:44:50,869
of us seem to agree with that at this
 

1919
00:44:50,869 --> 00:44:52,720
of us seem to agree with that at this
time just quick power at this time can

1920
00:44:52,720 --> 00:44:52,730
time just quick power at this time can
 

1921
00:44:52,730 --> 00:44:54,130
time just quick power at this time can
you give us an idea of how high above

1922
00:44:54,130 --> 00:44:54,140
you give us an idea of how high above
 

1923
00:44:54,140 --> 00:45:00,400
you give us an idea of how high above
the limb the DMC plumes traveled we can

1924
00:45:00,400 --> 00:45:00,410
the limb the DMC plumes traveled we can
 

1925
00:45:00,410 --> 00:45:02,500
the limb the DMC plumes traveled we can
only speculate that for a at this point

1926
00:45:02,500 --> 00:45:02,510
only speculate that for a at this point
 

1927
00:45:02,510 --> 00:45:04,120
only speculate that for a at this point
because that's the one we have the

1928
00:45:04,120 --> 00:45:04,130
because that's the one we have the
 

1929
00:45:04,130 --> 00:45:07,690
because that's the one we have the
highest resolution imaging and we seem

1930
00:45:07,690 --> 00:45:07,700
highest resolution imaging and we seem
 

1931
00:45:07,700 --> 00:45:11,010
highest resolution imaging and we seem
to believe that that the bright detached

1932
00:45:11,010 --> 00:45:11,020
to believe that that the bright detached
 

1933
00:45:11,020 --> 00:45:13,450
to believe that that the bright detached
portion of that plume was about a

1934
00:45:13,450 --> 00:45:13,460
portion of that plume was about a
 

1935
00:45:13,460 --> 00:45:15,970
portion of that plume was about a
thousand kilometers above the limb of

1936
00:45:15,970 --> 00:45:15,980
thousand kilometers above the limb of
 

1937
00:45:15,980 --> 00:45:20,410
thousand kilometers above the limb of
Jupiter and I'm wondering if you could

1938
00:45:20,410 --> 00:45:20,420
Jupiter and I'm wondering if you could
 

1939
00:45:20,420 --> 00:45:24,160
Jupiter and I'm wondering if you could
just review quickly for me the impacts

1940
00:45:24,160 --> 00:45:24,170
just review quickly for me the impacts
 

1941
00:45:24,170 --> 00:45:27,400
just review quickly for me the impacts
that you anticipate the rest of today

1942
00:45:27,400 --> 00:45:27,410
that you anticipate the rest of today
 

1943
00:45:27,410 --> 00:45:32,260
that you anticipate the rest of today
and tomorrow okay can give you a rundown

1944
00:45:32,260 --> 00:45:32,270
and tomorrow okay can give you a rundown
 

1945
00:45:32,270 --> 00:45:38,940
and tomorrow okay can give you a rundown
on that in eastern daylight time

1946
00:45:38,940 --> 00:45:38,950
on that in eastern daylight time
 

1947
00:45:38,950 --> 00:45:45,390
on that in eastern daylight time
fragment II is is coming down at 11 05

1948
00:45:45,390 --> 00:45:45,400
fragment II is is coming down at 11 05
 

1949
00:45:45,400 --> 00:45:51,400
fragment II is is coming down at 11 05
so not very far away fragment F will be

1950
00:45:51,400 --> 00:45:51,410
so not very far away fragment F will be
 

1951
00:45:51,410 --> 00:45:58,359
so not very far away fragment F will be
at 20-27 Zulu time of course that's 827

1952
00:45:58,359 --> 00:45:58,369
at 20-27 Zulu time of course that's 827
 

1953
00:45:58,369 --> 00:46:02,349
at 20-27 Zulu time of course that's 827
this evening and then fragment G will

1954
00:46:02,349 --> 00:46:02,359
this evening and then fragment G will
 

1955
00:46:02,359 --> 00:46:05,080
this evening and then fragment G will
come down tomorrow morning

1956
00:46:05,080 --> 00:46:05,090
come down tomorrow morning
 

1957
00:46:05,090 --> 00:46:08,700
come down tomorrow morning
329 okay so a 27 this evening Eastern

1958
00:46:08,700 --> 00:46:08,710
329 okay so a 27 this evening Eastern
 

1959
00:46:08,710 --> 00:46:11,590
329 okay so a 27 this evening Eastern
that June day like that I miss turned a

1960
00:46:11,590 --> 00:46:11,600
that June day like that I miss turned a
 

1961
00:46:11,600 --> 00:46:14,170
that June day like that I miss turned a
lifetime so observers with small

1962
00:46:14,170 --> 00:46:14,180
lifetime so observers with small
 

1963
00:46:14,180 --> 00:46:17,410
lifetime so observers with small
telescopes should be trying to watch at

1964
00:46:17,410 --> 00:46:17,420
telescopes should be trying to watch at
 

1965
00:46:17,420 --> 00:46:20,020
telescopes should be trying to watch at
the right spot on the limb for brief

1966
00:46:20,020 --> 00:46:20,030
the right spot on the limb for brief
 

1967
00:46:20,030 --> 00:46:22,840
the right spot on the limb for brief
flashes be really careful though I'm not

1968
00:46:22,840 --> 00:46:22,850
flashes be really careful though I'm not
 

1969
00:46:22,850 --> 00:46:25,600
flashes be really careful though I'm not
saying the Jupiter is going to get

1970
00:46:25,600 --> 00:46:25,610
saying the Jupiter is going to get
 

1971
00:46:25,610 --> 00:46:28,510
saying the Jupiter is going to get
millions of times brighter this is this

1972
00:46:28,510 --> 00:46:28,520
millions of times brighter this is this
 

1973
00:46:28,520 --> 00:46:29,890
millions of times brighter this is this
is going to be something that if you

1974
00:46:29,890 --> 00:46:29,900
is going to be something that if you
 

1975
00:46:29,900 --> 00:46:32,170
is going to be something that if you
really know what you're looking for you

1976
00:46:32,170 --> 00:46:32,180
really know what you're looking for you
 

1977
00:46:32,180 --> 00:46:34,150
really know what you're looking for you
there is a chance that you might detect

1978
00:46:34,150 --> 00:46:34,160
there is a chance that you might detect
 

1979
00:46:34,160 --> 00:46:36,340
there is a chance that you might detect
the flash I want to add I want to

1980
00:46:36,340 --> 00:46:36,350
the flash I want to add I want to
 

1981
00:46:36,350 --> 00:46:38,620
the flash I want to add I want to
qualify that to say that there have been

1982
00:46:38,620 --> 00:46:38,630
qualify that to say that there have been
 

1983
00:46:38,630 --> 00:46:40,540
qualify that to say that there have been
no reports from any professional

1984
00:46:40,540 --> 00:46:40,550
no reports from any professional
 

1985
00:46:40,550 --> 00:46:44,230
no reports from any professional
observatories detecting those flashes

1986
00:46:44,230 --> 00:46:44,240
observatories detecting those flashes
 

1987
00:46:44,240 --> 00:46:48,400
observatories detecting those flashes
and they've been looking so I would add

1988
00:46:48,400 --> 00:46:48,410
and they've been looking so I would add
 

1989
00:46:48,410 --> 00:46:50,530
and they've been looking so I would add
to that that we went to the US Naval

1990
00:46:50,530 --> 00:46:50,540
to that that we went to the US Naval
 

1991
00:46:50,540 --> 00:46:53,770
to that that we went to the US Naval
Observatory last night to put our eye to

1992
00:46:53,770 --> 00:46:53,780
Observatory last night to put our eye to
 

1993
00:46:53,780 --> 00:46:56,710
Observatory last night to put our eye to
the telescope in hopes of seeing a flash

1994
00:46:56,710 --> 00:46:56,720
the telescope in hopes of seeing a flash
 

1995
00:46:56,720 --> 00:46:59,170
the telescope in hopes of seeing a flash
and when you really want to see a flash

1996
00:46:59,170 --> 00:46:59,180
and when you really want to see a flash
 

1997
00:46:59,180 --> 00:47:03,850
and when you really want to see a flash
you can almost imagine that you do so we

1998
00:47:03,850 --> 00:47:03,860
you can almost imagine that you do so we
 

1999
00:47:03,860 --> 00:47:05,650
you can almost imagine that you do so we
all have to be careful that we aren't

2000
00:47:05,650 --> 00:47:05,660
all have to be careful that we aren't
 

2001
00:47:05,660 --> 00:47:08,920
all have to be careful that we aren't
imagining something that isn't quite out

2002
00:47:08,920 --> 00:47:08,930
imagining something that isn't quite out
 

2003
00:47:08,930 --> 00:47:11,290
imagining something that isn't quite out
there yeah very true we've always tried

2004
00:47:11,290 --> 00:47:11,300
there yeah very true we've always tried
 

2005
00:47:11,300 --> 00:47:13,240
there yeah very true we've always tried
to explain those those too tentative

2006
00:47:13,240 --> 00:47:13,250
to explain those those too tentative
 

2007
00:47:13,250 --> 00:47:15,340
to explain those those too tentative
reports they have to be mentioned

2008
00:47:15,340 --> 00:47:15,350
reports they have to be mentioned
 

2009
00:47:15,350 --> 00:47:17,170
reports they have to be mentioned
because they were reported by more than

2010
00:47:17,170 --> 00:47:17,180
because they were reported by more than
 

2011
00:47:17,180 --> 00:47:20,230
because they were reported by more than
one observer but it is something that

2012
00:47:20,230 --> 00:47:20,240
one observer but it is something that
 

2013
00:47:20,240 --> 00:47:22,720
one observer but it is something that
has not I don't consider that it's been

2014
00:47:22,720 --> 00:47:22,730
has not I don't consider that it's been
 

2015
00:47:22,730 --> 00:47:25,270
has not I don't consider that it's been
confirmed the only way to confirm

2016
00:47:25,270 --> 00:47:25,280
confirmed the only way to confirm
 

2017
00:47:25,280 --> 00:47:27,430
confirmed the only way to confirm
something like that is to increase the

2018
00:47:27,430 --> 00:47:27,440
something like that is to increase the
 

2019
00:47:27,440 --> 00:47:29,610
something like that is to increase the
number of people trying to observe them

2020
00:47:29,610 --> 00:47:29,620
number of people trying to observe them
 

2021
00:47:29,620 --> 00:47:32,110
number of people trying to observe them
timing would be all important the one

2022
00:47:32,110 --> 00:47:32,120
timing would be all important the one
 

2023
00:47:32,120 --> 00:47:34,000
timing would be all important the one
thing to remember however is a visual

2024
00:47:34,000 --> 00:47:34,010
thing to remember however is a visual
 

2025
00:47:34,010 --> 00:47:35,500
thing to remember however is a visual
Observer has the advantage of being

2026
00:47:35,500 --> 00:47:35,510
Observer has the advantage of being
 

2027
00:47:35,510 --> 00:47:38,350
Observer has the advantage of being
there watching all the time and you may

2028
00:47:38,350 --> 00:47:38,360
there watching all the time and you may
 

2029
00:47:38,360 --> 00:47:40,570
there watching all the time and you may
not capture that very brief event which

2030
00:47:40,570 --> 00:47:40,580
not capture that very brief event which
 

2031
00:47:40,580 --> 00:47:42,580
not capture that very brief event which
will last only two or most at the most

2032
00:47:42,580 --> 00:47:42,590
will last only two or most at the most
 

2033
00:47:42,590 --> 00:47:44,770
will last only two or most at the most
three seconds if you're not taking the

2034
00:47:44,770 --> 00:47:44,780
three seconds if you're not taking the
 

2035
00:47:44,780 --> 00:47:46,750
three seconds if you're not taking the
image at the right time so so there are

2036
00:47:46,750 --> 00:47:46,760
image at the right time so so there are
 

2037
00:47:46,760 --> 00:47:48,370
image at the right time so so there are
some advantages the visual Observer has

2038
00:47:48,370 --> 00:47:48,380
some advantages the visual Observer has
 

2039
00:47:48,380 --> 00:47:51,220
some advantages the visual Observer has
the disadvantage is it's hard to prove

2040
00:47:51,220 --> 00:47:51,230
the disadvantage is it's hard to prove
 

2041
00:47:51,230 --> 00:47:55,120
the disadvantage is it's hard to prove
that you saw more questions from Kennedy

2042
00:47:55,120 --> 00:47:55,130
that you saw more questions from Kennedy
 

2043
00:47:55,130 --> 00:47:57,310
that you saw more questions from Kennedy
yeah what another quick power for me

2044
00:47:57,310 --> 00:47:57,320
yeah what another quick power for me
 

2045
00:47:57,320 --> 00:47:59,920
yeah what another quick power for me
there are other anticipated impacts

2046
00:47:59,920 --> 00:47:59,930
there are other anticipated impacts
 

2047
00:47:59,930 --> 00:48:03,120
there are other anticipated impacts
tomorrow besides G earn addition to G oh

2048
00:48:03,120 --> 00:48:03,130
tomorrow besides G earn addition to G oh
 

2049
00:48:03,130 --> 00:48:07,540
tomorrow besides G earn addition to G oh
sure let me let me say that what we have

2050
00:48:07,540 --> 00:48:07,550
sure let me let me say that what we have
 

2051
00:48:07,550 --> 00:48:09,790
sure let me let me say that what we have
that information available and that

2052
00:48:09,790 --> 00:48:09,800
that information available and that
 

2053
00:48:09,800 --> 00:48:12,160
that information available and that
should be at the newsroom at Kennedy and

2054
00:48:12,160 --> 00:48:12,170
should be at the newsroom at Kennedy and
 

2055
00:48:12,170 --> 00:48:14,260
should be at the newsroom at Kennedy and
if it's not there we will fax a full

2056
00:48:14,260 --> 00:48:14,270
if it's not there we will fax a full
 

2057
00:48:14,270 --> 00:48:16,500
if it's not there we will fax a full
list of all the

2058
00:48:16,500 --> 00:48:16,510
list of all the
 

2059
00:48:16,510 --> 00:48:18,840
list of all the
times and locations where those can be

2060
00:48:18,840 --> 00:48:18,850
times and locations where those can be
 

2061
00:48:18,850 --> 00:48:22,290
times and locations where those can be
viewed from and the observatories that

2062
00:48:22,290 --> 00:48:22,300
viewed from and the observatories that
 

2063
00:48:22,300 --> 00:48:24,240
viewed from and the observatories that
are likely to have an opportunity to

2064
00:48:24,240 --> 00:48:24,250
are likely to have an opportunity to
 

2065
00:48:24,250 --> 00:48:26,160
are likely to have an opportunity to
observe those as well as a Hubble

2066
00:48:26,160 --> 00:48:26,170
observe those as well as a Hubble
 

2067
00:48:26,170 --> 00:48:28,290
observe those as well as a Hubble
observing schedule so that should be in

2068
00:48:28,290 --> 00:48:28,300
observing schedule so that should be in
 

2069
00:48:28,300 --> 00:48:30,240
observing schedule so that should be in
the newsroom at the end of this briefing

2070
00:48:30,240 --> 00:48:30,250
the newsroom at the end of this briefing
 

2071
00:48:30,250 --> 00:48:32,670
the newsroom at the end of this briefing
if it's not already there any more

2072
00:48:32,670 --> 00:48:32,680
if it's not already there any more
 

2073
00:48:32,680 --> 00:48:35,430
if it's not already there any more
questions from Kennedy yes two more

2074
00:48:35,430 --> 00:48:35,440
questions from Kennedy yes two more
 

2075
00:48:35,440 --> 00:48:37,200
questions from Kennedy yes two more
reporters this sojourn earth news to

2076
00:48:37,200 --> 00:48:37,210
reporters this sojourn earth news to
 

2077
00:48:37,210 --> 00:48:39,030
reporters this sojourn earth news to
Heidi I'll make it easy on your video

2078
00:48:39,030 --> 00:48:39,040
Heidi I'll make it easy on your video
 

2079
00:48:39,040 --> 00:48:41,010
Heidi I'll make it easy on your video
person to tell them that I need you to

2080
00:48:41,010 --> 00:48:41,020
person to tell them that I need you to
 

2081
00:48:41,020 --> 00:48:43,290
person to tell them that I need you to
display the graphic showing your little

2082
00:48:43,290 --> 00:48:43,300
display the graphic showing your little
 

2083
00:48:43,300 --> 00:48:45,570
display the graphic showing your little
movie in the travel coming in disgusting

2084
00:48:45,570 --> 00:48:45,580
movie in the travel coming in disgusting
 

2085
00:48:45,580 --> 00:48:47,790
movie in the travel coming in disgusting
vertical skills one of time and one of

2086
00:48:47,790 --> 00:48:47,800
vertical skills one of time and one of
 

2087
00:48:47,800 --> 00:48:50,010
vertical skills one of time and one of
the wavelength what happens when you

2088
00:48:50,010 --> 00:48:50,020
the wavelength what happens when you
 

2089
00:48:50,020 --> 00:48:52,140
the wavelength what happens when you
stay at one wavelength says do you still

2090
00:48:52,140 --> 00:48:52,150
stay at one wavelength says do you still
 

2091
00:48:52,150 --> 00:48:54,810
stay at one wavelength says do you still
see the same expanding or ultimately

2092
00:48:54,810 --> 00:48:54,820
see the same expanding or ultimately
 

2093
00:48:54,820 --> 00:48:56,490
see the same expanding or ultimately
what happens did you say at one time how

2094
00:48:56,490 --> 00:48:56,500
what happens did you say at one time how
 

2095
00:48:56,500 --> 00:48:57,720
what happens did you say at one time how
different does it look in the different

2096
00:48:57,720 --> 00:48:57,730
different does it look in the different
 

2097
00:48:57,730 --> 00:49:00,480
different does it look in the different
wavelengths well the data you saw are

2098
00:49:00,480 --> 00:49:00,490
wavelengths well the data you saw are
 

2099
00:49:00,490 --> 00:49:03,450
wavelengths well the data you saw are
the data we have we only took that data

2100
00:49:03,450 --> 00:49:03,460
the data we have we only took that data
 

2101
00:49:03,460 --> 00:49:06,180
the data we have we only took that data
because we were sampling various

2102
00:49:06,180 --> 00:49:06,190
because we were sampling various
 

2103
00:49:06,190 --> 00:49:08,100
because we were sampling various
wavelengths so I can't answer that

2104
00:49:08,100 --> 00:49:08,110
wavelengths so I can't answer that
 

2105
00:49:08,110 --> 00:49:11,790
wavelengths so I can't answer that
question not yet I think that if these

2106
00:49:11,790 --> 00:49:11,800
question not yet I think that if these
 

2107
00:49:11,800 --> 00:49:14,100
question not yet I think that if these
things are visible at this level and

2108
00:49:14,100 --> 00:49:14,110
things are visible at this level and
 

2109
00:49:14,110 --> 00:49:16,050
things are visible at this level and
particularly for the brighter fragments

2110
00:49:16,050 --> 00:49:16,060
particularly for the brighter fragments
 

2111
00:49:16,060 --> 00:49:17,970
particularly for the brighter fragments
that some of the other ground-based

2112
00:49:17,970 --> 00:49:17,980
that some of the other ground-based
 

2113
00:49:17,980 --> 00:49:19,980
that some of the other ground-based
observatories will be able to do that

2114
00:49:19,980 --> 00:49:19,990
observatories will be able to do that
 

2115
00:49:19,990 --> 00:49:22,230
observatories will be able to do that
experiment we're not really particularly

2116
00:49:22,230 --> 00:49:22,240
experiment we're not really particularly
 

2117
00:49:22,240 --> 00:49:24,720
experiment we're not really particularly
designed to do this kind of an

2118
00:49:24,720 --> 00:49:24,730
designed to do this kind of an
 

2119
00:49:24,730 --> 00:49:26,370
designed to do this kind of an
experiment with experiment with the

2120
00:49:26,370 --> 00:49:26,380
experiment with experiment with the
 

2121
00:49:26,380 --> 00:49:29,700
experiment with experiment with the
Hubble Space Telescope but I buy this

2122
00:49:29,700 --> 00:49:29,710
Hubble Space Telescope but I buy this
 

2123
00:49:29,710 --> 00:49:32,010
Hubble Space Telescope but I buy this
kind of experiment I mean something that

2124
00:49:32,010 --> 00:49:32,020
kind of experiment I mean something that
 

2125
00:49:32,020 --> 00:49:35,910
kind of experiment I mean something that
has very rapid time sequence that really

2126
00:49:35,910 --> 00:49:35,920
has very rapid time sequence that really
 

2127
00:49:35,920 --> 00:49:38,760
has very rapid time sequence that really
wasn't the point of this this was purely

2128
00:49:38,760 --> 00:49:38,770
wasn't the point of this this was purely
 

2129
00:49:38,770 --> 00:49:40,890
wasn't the point of this this was purely
certain diffidence that we did see it in

2130
00:49:40,890 --> 00:49:40,900
certain diffidence that we did see it in
 

2131
00:49:40,900 --> 00:49:43,380
certain diffidence that we did see it in
a time sequence like that so I think

2132
00:49:43,380 --> 00:49:43,390
a time sequence like that so I think
 

2133
00:49:43,390 --> 00:49:45,000
a time sequence like that so I think
you'll have to wait and hear from the

2134
00:49:45,000 --> 00:49:45,010
you'll have to wait and hear from the
 

2135
00:49:45,010 --> 00:49:46,650
you'll have to wait and hear from the
ground-based telescopes that are

2136
00:49:46,650 --> 00:49:46,660
ground-based telescopes that are
 

2137
00:49:46,660 --> 00:49:48,680
ground-based telescopes that are
designed to do that kind of an

2138
00:49:48,680 --> 00:49:48,690
designed to do that kind of an
 

2139
00:49:48,690 --> 00:49:52,500
designed to do that kind of an
experiment another side of the spectrum

2140
00:49:52,500 --> 00:49:52,510
experiment another side of the spectrum
 

2141
00:49:52,510 --> 00:49:54,570
experiment another side of the spectrum
and infrared have you heard any reports

2142
00:49:54,570 --> 00:49:54,580
and infrared have you heard any reports
 

2143
00:49:54,580 --> 00:49:57,570
and infrared have you heard any reports
McDonald Observatory or from the kuiper

2144
00:49:57,570 --> 00:49:57,580
McDonald Observatory or from the kuiper
 

2145
00:49:57,580 --> 00:49:59,160
McDonald Observatory or from the kuiper
airborne observatory which i believe is

2146
00:49:59,160 --> 00:49:59,170
airborne observatory which i believe is
 

2147
00:49:59,170 --> 00:50:01,980
airborne observatory which i believe is
flying out of Australia we haven't

2148
00:50:01,980 --> 00:50:01,990
flying out of Australia we haven't
 

2149
00:50:01,990 --> 00:50:04,320
flying out of Australia we haven't
gotten a report yet from the kuiper

2150
00:50:04,320 --> 00:50:04,330
gotten a report yet from the kuiper
 

2151
00:50:04,330 --> 00:50:07,350
gotten a report yet from the kuiper
airborne observatory observations were

2152
00:50:07,350 --> 00:50:07,360
airborne observatory observations were
 

2153
00:50:07,360 --> 00:50:08,850
airborne observatory observations were
scheduled so I hope maybe we'll be able

2154
00:50:08,850 --> 00:50:08,860
scheduled so I hope maybe we'll be able
 

2155
00:50:08,860 --> 00:50:10,860
scheduled so I hope maybe we'll be able
to report on that tomorrow we're

2156
00:50:10,860 --> 00:50:10,870
to report on that tomorrow we're
 

2157
00:50:10,870 --> 00:50:12,720
to report on that tomorrow we're
attempting to contact them throughout

2158
00:50:12,720 --> 00:50:12,730
attempting to contact them throughout
 

2159
00:50:12,730 --> 00:50:15,030
attempting to contact them throughout
the morning to get what we can and post

2160
00:50:15,030 --> 00:50:15,040
the morning to get what we can and post
 

2161
00:50:15,040 --> 00:50:17,940
the morning to get what we can and post
that as soon as we could okay Angie and

2162
00:50:17,940 --> 00:50:17,950
that as soon as we could okay Angie and
 

2163
00:50:17,950 --> 00:50:19,860
that as soon as we could okay Angie and
a really big picture question couple of

2164
00:50:19,860 --> 00:50:19,870
a really big picture question couple of
 

2165
00:50:19,870 --> 00:50:21,600
a really big picture question couple of
the year and on a panel were in

2166
00:50:21,600 --> 00:50:21,610
the year and on a panel were in
 

2167
00:50:21,610 --> 00:50:23,550
the year and on a panel were in
elementary school at the time but would

2168
00:50:23,550 --> 00:50:23,560
elementary school at the time but would
 

2169
00:50:23,560 --> 00:50:25,029
elementary school at the time but would
you where you bought started 20

2170
00:50:25,029 --> 00:50:25,039
you where you bought started 20
 

2171
00:50:25,039 --> 00:50:27,370
you where you bought started 20
years ago Praetorians Apollo 11 then you

2172
00:50:27,370 --> 00:50:27,380
years ago Praetorians Apollo 11 then you
 

2173
00:50:27,380 --> 00:50:31,919
years ago Praetorians Apollo 11 then you
were now for this or more started now

2174
00:50:31,919 --> 00:50:31,929

 

2175
00:50:31,929 --> 00:50:34,329

that's kind of hard to compare their

2176
00:50:34,329 --> 00:50:34,339
that's kind of hard to compare their
 

2177
00:50:34,339 --> 00:50:38,499
that's kind of hard to compare their
different events I think that we all had

2178
00:50:38,499 --> 00:50:38,509
different events I think that we all had
 

2179
00:50:38,509 --> 00:50:41,469
different events I think that we all had
a lot of confidence in Apollo 11 that it

2180
00:50:41,469 --> 00:50:41,479
a lot of confidence in Apollo 11 that it
 

2181
00:50:41,479 --> 00:50:44,949
a lot of confidence in Apollo 11 that it
was going to be a successful landing so

2182
00:50:44,949 --> 00:50:44,959
was going to be a successful landing so
 

2183
00:50:44,959 --> 00:50:47,409
was going to be a successful landing so
when it happened we said all right that

2184
00:50:47,409 --> 00:50:47,419
when it happened we said all right that
 

2185
00:50:47,419 --> 00:50:50,079
when it happened we said all right that
happened and we were all delighted and

2186
00:50:50,079 --> 00:50:50,089
happened and we were all delighted and
 

2187
00:50:50,089 --> 00:50:53,499
happened and we were all delighted and
grateful for that achievement what's

2188
00:50:53,499 --> 00:50:53,509
grateful for that achievement what's
 

2189
00:50:53,509 --> 00:50:55,749
grateful for that achievement what's
different with this situation is we

2190
00:50:55,749 --> 00:50:55,759
different with this situation is we
 

2191
00:50:55,759 --> 00:50:57,309
different with this situation is we
didn't know how nature was going to

2192
00:50:57,309 --> 00:50:57,319
didn't know how nature was going to
 

2193
00:50:57,319 --> 00:51:00,849
didn't know how nature was going to
perform and we're just elated that

2194
00:51:00,849 --> 00:51:00,859
perform and we're just elated that
 

2195
00:51:00,859 --> 00:51:04,239
perform and we're just elated that
nature has outdone herself has to give

2196
00:51:04,239 --> 00:51:04,249
nature has outdone herself has to give
 

2197
00:51:04,249 --> 00:51:06,729
nature has outdone herself has to give
us this spectacular experiment that

2198
00:51:06,729 --> 00:51:06,739
us this spectacular experiment that
 

2199
00:51:06,739 --> 00:51:10,390
us this spectacular experiment that
we're looking now at now still long

2200
00:51:10,390 --> 00:51:10,400
we're looking now at now still long
 

2201
00:51:10,400 --> 00:51:12,909
we're looking now at now still long
Miami Herald again just one more quick

2202
00:51:12,909 --> 00:51:12,919
Miami Herald again just one more quick
 

2203
00:51:12,919 --> 00:51:16,329
Miami Herald again just one more quick
question about the spots themselves to

2204
00:51:16,329 --> 00:51:16,339
question about the spots themselves to
 

2205
00:51:16,339 --> 00:51:18,069
question about the spots themselves to
the layperson there might be some

2206
00:51:18,069 --> 00:51:18,079
the layperson there might be some
 

2207
00:51:18,079 --> 00:51:20,979
the layperson there might be some
confusion it's described as a dark spot

2208
00:51:20,979 --> 00:51:20,989
confusion it's described as a dark spot
 

2209
00:51:20,989 --> 00:51:23,380
confusion it's described as a dark spot
or a light spot that maybe just simply

2210
00:51:23,380 --> 00:51:23,390
or a light spot that maybe just simply
 

2211
00:51:23,390 --> 00:51:25,630
or a light spot that maybe just simply
the technology that observes it but to

2212
00:51:25,630 --> 00:51:25,640
the technology that observes it but to
 

2213
00:51:25,640 --> 00:51:28,029
the technology that observes it but to
someone who is going say to the local

2214
00:51:28,029 --> 00:51:28,039
someone who is going say to the local
 

2215
00:51:28,039 --> 00:51:30,099
someone who is going say to the local
community college observatory what

2216
00:51:30,099 --> 00:51:30,109
community college observatory what
 

2217
00:51:30,109 --> 00:51:31,659
community college observatory what
should they look for what could they

2218
00:51:31,659 --> 00:51:31,669
should they look for what could they
 

2219
00:51:31,669 --> 00:51:33,339
should they look for what could they
expect to see and could you explain a

2220
00:51:33,339 --> 00:51:33,349
expect to see and could you explain a
 

2221
00:51:33,349 --> 00:51:35,799
expect to see and could you explain a
little bit ly one it appears light 21

2222
00:51:35,799 --> 00:51:35,809
little bit ly one it appears light 21
 

2223
00:51:35,809 --> 00:51:40,120
little bit ly one it appears light 21
and dark to the other yeah I still doubt

2224
00:51:40,120 --> 00:51:40,130
and dark to the other yeah I still doubt
 

2225
00:51:40,130 --> 00:51:44,829
and dark to the other yeah I still doubt
that people with small telescopes are

2226
00:51:44,829 --> 00:51:44,839
that people with small telescopes are
 

2227
00:51:44,839 --> 00:51:46,120
that people with small telescopes are
going to be able to detect these

2228
00:51:46,120 --> 00:51:46,130
going to be able to detect these
 

2229
00:51:46,130 --> 00:51:49,779
going to be able to detect these
features at all I debt very very much

2230
00:51:49,779 --> 00:51:49,789
features at all I debt very very much
 

2231
00:51:49,789 --> 00:51:52,149
features at all I debt very very much
they looking awfully nice that remember

2232
00:51:52,149 --> 00:51:52,159
they looking awfully nice that remember
 

2233
00:51:52,159 --> 00:51:54,459
they looking awfully nice that remember
these pictures are with our with very

2234
00:51:54,459 --> 00:51:54,469
these pictures are with our with very
 

2235
00:51:54,469 --> 00:51:56,289
these pictures are with our with very
large ground-based telescopes or with

2236
00:51:56,289 --> 00:51:56,299
large ground-based telescopes or with
 

2237
00:51:56,299 --> 00:51:59,380
large ground-based telescopes or with
the Hubble Space Telescope I strongly

2238
00:51:59,380 --> 00:51:59,390
the Hubble Space Telescope I strongly
 

2239
00:51:59,390 --> 00:52:01,620
the Hubble Space Telescope I strongly
suggest that people go to their local

2240
00:52:01,620 --> 00:52:01,630
suggest that people go to their local
 

2241
00:52:01,630 --> 00:52:04,269
suggest that people go to their local
observatories planet area and look at

2242
00:52:04,269 --> 00:52:04,279
observatories planet area and look at
 

2243
00:52:04,279 --> 00:52:06,399
observatories planet area and look at
you bitter and I still think that you

2244
00:52:06,399 --> 00:52:06,409
you bitter and I still think that you
 

2245
00:52:06,409 --> 00:52:09,999
you bitter and I still think that you
will probably see no changes on Jupiter

2246
00:52:09,999 --> 00:52:10,009
will probably see no changes on Jupiter
 

2247
00:52:10,009 --> 00:52:12,729
will probably see no changes on Jupiter
I will be thrilled and delighted if I'm

2248
00:52:12,729 --> 00:52:12,739
I will be thrilled and delighted if I'm
 

2249
00:52:12,739 --> 00:52:16,479
I will be thrilled and delighted if I'm
wrong on that but go to go out with your

2250
00:52:16,479 --> 00:52:16,489
wrong on that but go to go out with your
 

2251
00:52:16,489 --> 00:52:18,640
wrong on that but go to go out with your
telescope look at you bitter don't

2252
00:52:18,640 --> 00:52:18,650
telescope look at you bitter don't
 

2253
00:52:18,650 --> 00:52:20,349
telescope look at you bitter don't
expect to see more than the beautiful

2254
00:52:20,349 --> 00:52:20,359
expect to see more than the beautiful
 

2255
00:52:20,359 --> 00:52:22,779
expect to see more than the beautiful
Jupiter it always is and then keep our

2256
00:52:22,779 --> 00:52:22,789
Jupiter it always is and then keep our
 

2257
00:52:22,789 --> 00:52:25,630
Jupiter it always is and then keep our
keep posted to HST and the other

2258
00:52:25,630 --> 00:52:25,640
keep posted to HST and the other
 

2259
00:52:25,640 --> 00:52:27,249
keep posted to HST and the other
ground-based telescopes to see the real

2260
00:52:27,249 --> 00:52:27,259
ground-based telescopes to see the real
 

2261
00:52:27,259 --> 00:52:29,769
ground-based telescopes to see the real
changes that we are seeing and if I'm

2262
00:52:29,769 --> 00:52:29,779
changes that we are seeing and if I'm
 

2263
00:52:29,779 --> 00:52:31,539
changes that we are seeing and if I'm
wrong on that then I'll be just as

2264
00:52:31,539 --> 00:52:31,549
wrong on that then I'll be just as
 

2265
00:52:31,549 --> 00:52:33,459
wrong on that then I'll be just as
thrilled as anybody else to answer the

2266
00:52:33,459 --> 00:52:33,469
thrilled as anybody else to answer the
 

2267
00:52:33,469 --> 00:52:36,309
thrilled as anybody else to answer the
question more directly at visible

2268
00:52:36,309 --> 00:52:36,319
question more directly at visible
 

2269
00:52:36,319 --> 00:52:38,380
question more directly at visible
wavelengths if you were looking

2270
00:52:38,380 --> 00:52:38,390
wavelengths if you were looking
 

2271
00:52:38,390 --> 00:52:41,410
wavelengths if you were looking
your eyes if you were out at Jupiter you

2272
00:52:41,410 --> 00:52:41,420
your eyes if you were out at Jupiter you
 

2273
00:52:41,420 --> 00:52:44,559
your eyes if you were out at Jupiter you
would see dark spots invisible these

2274
00:52:44,559 --> 00:52:44,569
would see dark spots invisible these
 

2275
00:52:44,569 --> 00:52:47,140
would see dark spots invisible these
features right now are dark when they're

2276
00:52:47,140 --> 00:52:47,150
features right now are dark when they're
 

2277
00:52:47,150 --> 00:52:49,900
features right now are dark when they're
fresh they're dark the only time that

2278
00:52:49,900 --> 00:52:49,910
fresh they're dark the only time that
 

2279
00:52:49,910 --> 00:52:51,519
fresh they're dark the only time that
they're bright is when we're looking in

2280
00:52:51,519 --> 00:52:51,529
they're bright is when we're looking in
 

2281
00:52:51,529 --> 00:52:54,549
they're bright is when we're looking in
the infrared and that's because these

2282
00:52:54,549 --> 00:52:54,559
the infrared and that's because these
 

2283
00:52:54,559 --> 00:52:57,370
the infrared and that's because these
features are hot when they're hot

2284
00:52:57,370 --> 00:52:57,380
features are hot when they're hot
 

2285
00:52:57,380 --> 00:52:59,799
features are hot when they're hot
they're bright in the infrared so we

2286
00:52:59,799 --> 00:52:59,809
they're bright in the infrared so we
 

2287
00:52:59,809 --> 00:53:01,960
they're bright in the infrared so we
have something that's visually dark and

2288
00:53:01,960 --> 00:53:01,970
have something that's visually dark and
 

2289
00:53:01,970 --> 00:53:04,630
have something that's visually dark and
hot so it's dark in the visible and

2290
00:53:04,630 --> 00:53:04,640
hot so it's dark in the visible and
 

2291
00:53:04,640 --> 00:53:07,569
hot so it's dark in the visible and
bright in the infrared and the methane

2292
00:53:07,569 --> 00:53:07,579
bright in the infrared and the methane
 

2293
00:53:07,579 --> 00:53:10,809
bright in the infrared and the methane
band is bright because the methane

2294
00:53:10,809 --> 00:53:10,819
band is bright because the methane
 

2295
00:53:10,819 --> 00:53:12,940
band is bright because the methane
molecule is absorbing all the other

2296
00:53:12,940 --> 00:53:12,950
molecule is absorbing all the other
 

2297
00:53:12,950 --> 00:53:15,099
molecule is absorbing all the other
photons except the ones that are getting

2298
00:53:15,099 --> 00:53:15,109
photons except the ones that are getting
 

2299
00:53:15,109 --> 00:53:18,849
photons except the ones that are getting
reflected off of these particles does

2300
00:53:18,849 --> 00:53:18,859
reflected off of these particles does
 

2301
00:53:18,859 --> 00:53:22,990
reflected off of these particles does
that help clarify alright we'll go to

2302
00:53:22,990 --> 00:53:23,000
that help clarify alright we'll go to
 

2303
00:53:23,000 --> 00:53:26,259
that help clarify alright we'll go to
JPL now for a question and we'll be back

2304
00:53:26,259 --> 00:53:26,269
JPL now for a question and we'll be back
 

2305
00:53:26,269 --> 00:53:31,089
JPL now for a question and we'll be back
here for follow-ups go ahead JPL this is

2306
00:53:31,089 --> 00:53:31,099
here for follow-ups go ahead JPL this is
 

2307
00:53:31,099 --> 00:53:32,529
here for follow-ups go ahead JPL this is
robert lee host with the los angeles

2308
00:53:32,529 --> 00:53:32,539
robert lee host with the los angeles
 

2309
00:53:32,539 --> 00:53:36,130
robert lee host with the los angeles
times just a simple fact question if

2310
00:53:36,130 --> 00:53:36,140
times just a simple fact question if
 

2311
00:53:36,140 --> 00:53:38,769
times just a simple fact question if
fragment a you best guess is that it's

2312
00:53:38,769 --> 00:53:38,779
fragment a you best guess is that it's
 

2313
00:53:38,779 --> 00:53:41,049
fragment a you best guess is that it's
about a half-mile wide then what's your

2314
00:53:41,049 --> 00:53:41,059
about a half-mile wide then what's your
 

2315
00:53:41,059 --> 00:53:43,900
about a half-mile wide then what's your
best guess on the literal size of b c

2316
00:53:43,900 --> 00:53:43,910
best guess on the literal size of b c
 

2317
00:53:43,910 --> 00:53:51,759
best guess on the literal size of b c
and d i'd say a fragment c is very

2318
00:53:51,759 --> 00:53:51,769
and d i'd say a fragment c is very
 

2319
00:53:51,769 --> 00:53:54,009
and d i'd say a fragment c is very
comparable to fragment a they're very

2320
00:53:54,009 --> 00:53:54,019
comparable to fragment a they're very
 

2321
00:53:54,019 --> 00:53:55,450
comparable to fragment a they're very
very close so we're talking about

2322
00:53:55,450 --> 00:53:55,460
very close so we're talking about
 

2323
00:53:55,460 --> 00:53:57,999
very close so we're talking about
something of order of a kilometer six

2324
00:53:57,999 --> 00:53:58,009
something of order of a kilometer six
 

2325
00:53:58,009 --> 00:53:59,589
something of order of a kilometer six
tenths of a mile something like that

2326
00:53:59,589 --> 00:53:59,599
tenths of a mile something like that
 

2327
00:53:59,599 --> 00:54:01,650
tenths of a mile something like that
these are rough numbers please remember

2328
00:54:01,650 --> 00:54:01,660
these are rough numbers please remember
 

2329
00:54:01,660 --> 00:54:07,690
these are rough numbers please remember
as far as be it's much harder to say it

2330
00:54:07,690 --> 00:54:07,700
as far as be it's much harder to say it
 

2331
00:54:07,700 --> 00:54:10,180
as far as be it's much harder to say it
clearly produced much less effect so the

2332
00:54:10,180 --> 00:54:10,190
clearly produced much less effect so the
 

2333
00:54:10,190 --> 00:54:12,849
clearly produced much less effect so the
total mass is less and it may have been

2334
00:54:12,849 --> 00:54:12,859
total mass is less and it may have been
 

2335
00:54:12,859 --> 00:54:14,769
total mass is less and it may have been
a loose swarm by the time it hit the

2336
00:54:14,769 --> 00:54:14,779
a loose swarm by the time it hit the
 

2337
00:54:14,779 --> 00:54:17,589
a loose swarm by the time it hit the
atmosphere not a single object so it's a

2338
00:54:17,589 --> 00:54:17,599
atmosphere not a single object so it's a
 

2339
00:54:17,599 --> 00:54:19,930
atmosphere not a single object so it's a
little bit hard to put size on that if

2340
00:54:19,930 --> 00:54:19,940
little bit hard to put size on that if
 

2341
00:54:19,940 --> 00:54:23,319
little bit hard to put size on that if
you wanted it all up together perhaps it

2342
00:54:23,319 --> 00:54:23,329
you wanted it all up together perhaps it
 

2343
00:54:23,329 --> 00:54:26,410
you wanted it all up together perhaps it
was something that was of the order of a

2344
00:54:26,410 --> 00:54:26,420
was something that was of the order of a
 

2345
00:54:26,420 --> 00:54:29,769
was something that was of the order of a
few hundred meters across I guess we

2346
00:54:29,769 --> 00:54:29,779
few hundred meters across I guess we
 

2347
00:54:29,779 --> 00:54:31,029
few hundred meters across I guess we
want to want to take a shot at that

2348
00:54:31,029 --> 00:54:31,039
want to want to take a shot at that
 

2349
00:54:31,039 --> 00:54:33,069
want to want to take a shot at that
Heidi do you have it no I think we did a

2350
00:54:33,069 --> 00:54:33,079
Heidi do you have it no I think we did a
 

2351
00:54:33,079 --> 00:54:35,319
Heidi do you have it no I think we did a
great job okay we got the letters on

2352
00:54:35,319 --> 00:54:35,329
great job okay we got the letters on
 

2353
00:54:35,329 --> 00:54:38,079
great job okay we got the letters on
this fragments now oh good now we got

2354
00:54:38,079 --> 00:54:38,089
this fragments now oh good now we got
 

2355
00:54:38,089 --> 00:54:42,069
this fragments now oh good now we got
wonderful okay well come back here to

2356
00:54:42,069 --> 00:54:42,079
wonderful okay well come back here to
 

2357
00:54:42,079 --> 00:54:43,930
wonderful okay well come back here to
Goddard and take some questions have one

2358
00:54:43,930 --> 00:54:43,940
Goddard and take some questions have one
 

2359
00:54:43,940 --> 00:54:47,380
Goddard and take some questions have one
up in front here

2360
00:54:47,380 --> 00:54:47,390

 

2361
00:54:47,390 --> 00:54:49,880

with gallant Galileo on the way out

2362
00:54:49,880 --> 00:54:49,890
with gallant Galileo on the way out
 

2363
00:54:49,890 --> 00:54:51,800
with gallant Galileo on the way out
there carrying a probe to drop into this

2364
00:54:51,800 --> 00:54:51,810
there carrying a probe to drop into this
 

2365
00:54:51,810 --> 00:54:53,510
there carrying a probe to drop into this
very same atmosphere how do you think

2366
00:54:53,510 --> 00:54:53,520
very same atmosphere how do you think
 

2367
00:54:53,520 --> 00:54:55,340
very same atmosphere how do you think
these results are going to inform what

2368
00:54:55,340 --> 00:54:55,350
these results are going to inform what
 

2369
00:54:55,350 --> 00:54:59,170
these results are going to inform what
people are looking for when that happens

2370
00:54:59,170 --> 00:54:59,180

 

2371
00:54:59,180 --> 00:55:01,880

you won't try it I can try we're going

2372
00:55:01,880 --> 00:55:01,890
you won't try it I can try we're going
 

2373
00:55:01,890 --> 00:55:03,710
you won't try it I can try we're going
to be thinking very very carefully about

2374
00:55:03,710 --> 00:55:03,720
to be thinking very very carefully about
 

2375
00:55:03,720 --> 00:55:07,520
to be thinking very very carefully about
what we see and Galileo is actually

2376
00:55:07,520 --> 00:55:07,530
what we see and Galileo is actually
 

2377
00:55:07,530 --> 00:55:10,310
what we see and Galileo is actually
taking pictures of these events so that

2378
00:55:10,310 --> 00:55:10,320
taking pictures of these events so that
 

2379
00:55:10,320 --> 00:55:12,380
taking pictures of these events so that
will be fascinating to see what the

2380
00:55:12,380 --> 00:55:12,390
will be fascinating to see what the
 

2381
00:55:12,390 --> 00:55:14,450
will be fascinating to see what the
Galileo spacecraft sends back because

2382
00:55:14,450 --> 00:55:14,460
Galileo spacecraft sends back because
 

2383
00:55:14,460 --> 00:55:17,180
Galileo spacecraft sends back because
they had direct views of these impact

2384
00:55:17,180 --> 00:55:17,190
they had direct views of these impact
 

2385
00:55:17,190 --> 00:55:20,720
they had direct views of these impact
sites certainly the changes in the

2386
00:55:20,720 --> 00:55:20,730
sites certainly the changes in the
 

2387
00:55:20,730 --> 00:55:23,930
sites certainly the changes in the
Jovian atmosphere are going to be very

2388
00:55:23,930 --> 00:55:23,940
Jovian atmosphere are going to be very
 

2389
00:55:23,940 --> 00:55:27,560
Jovian atmosphere are going to be very
interesting and I think it's great

2390
00:55:27,560 --> 00:55:27,570
interesting and I think it's great
 

2391
00:55:27,570 --> 00:55:30,290
interesting and I think it's great
timing that we the NASA has a spacecraft

2392
00:55:30,290 --> 00:55:30,300
timing that we the NASA has a spacecraft
 

2393
00:55:30,300 --> 00:55:32,630
timing that we the NASA has a spacecraft
on its way to Jupiter right now and

2394
00:55:32,630 --> 00:55:32,640
on its way to Jupiter right now and
 

2395
00:55:32,640 --> 00:55:34,310
on its way to Jupiter right now and
we'll get there and see these things up

2396
00:55:34,310 --> 00:55:34,320
we'll get there and see these things up
 

2397
00:55:34,320 --> 00:55:36,410
we'll get there and see these things up
close the other thing is that the

2398
00:55:36,410 --> 00:55:36,420
close the other thing is that the
 

2399
00:55:36,420 --> 00:55:39,200
close the other thing is that the
Galileo probe the the probe part of it

2400
00:55:39,200 --> 00:55:39,210
Galileo probe the the probe part of it
 

2401
00:55:39,210 --> 00:55:42,290
Galileo probe the the probe part of it
was very carefully designed to go down

2402
00:55:42,290 --> 00:55:42,300
was very carefully designed to go down
 

2403
00:55:42,300 --> 00:55:44,810
was very carefully designed to go down
into a certain depth below Jupiter's

2404
00:55:44,810 --> 00:55:44,820
into a certain depth below Jupiter's
 

2405
00:55:44,820 --> 00:55:48,410
into a certain depth below Jupiter's
cloud tops one probe an active probe

2406
00:55:48,410 --> 00:55:48,420
cloud tops one probe an active probe
 

2407
00:55:48,420 --> 00:55:52,550
cloud tops one probe an active probe
with instruments we now have 21 small

2408
00:55:52,550 --> 00:55:52,560
with instruments we now have 21 small
 

2409
00:55:52,560 --> 00:55:54,530
with instruments we now have 21 small
positive probes going down all the

2410
00:55:54,530 --> 00:55:54,540
positive probes going down all the
 

2411
00:55:54,540 --> 00:55:56,650
positive probes going down all the
different layers of Cuba ters atmosphere

2412
00:55:56,650 --> 00:55:56,660
different layers of Cuba ters atmosphere
 

2413
00:55:56,660 --> 00:56:01,070
different layers of Cuba ters atmosphere
and revealing whatever they can reveal

2414
00:56:01,070 --> 00:56:01,080
and revealing whatever they can reveal
 

2415
00:56:01,080 --> 00:56:03,620
and revealing whatever they can reveal
each one of these comet impacts is a

2416
00:56:03,620 --> 00:56:03,630
each one of these comet impacts is a
 

2417
00:56:03,630 --> 00:56:05,930
each one of these comet impacts is a
little bit like a probe going down very

2418
00:56:05,930 --> 00:56:05,940
little bit like a probe going down very
 

2419
00:56:05,940 --> 00:56:08,090
little bit like a probe going down very
much like a pro going down and below the

2420
00:56:08,090 --> 00:56:08,100
much like a pro going down and below the
 

2421
00:56:08,100 --> 00:56:11,030
much like a pro going down and below the
cloud tops siming up stuff from the

2422
00:56:11,030 --> 00:56:11,040
cloud tops siming up stuff from the
 

2423
00:56:11,040 --> 00:56:13,460
cloud tops siming up stuff from the
interior telling us an enormous amount

2424
00:56:13,460 --> 00:56:13,470
interior telling us an enormous amount
 

2425
00:56:13,470 --> 00:56:16,700
interior telling us an enormous amount
of what to piter's made of and what it's

2426
00:56:16,700 --> 00:56:16,710
of what to piter's made of and what it's
 

2427
00:56:16,710 --> 00:56:19,250
of what to piter's made of and what it's
like we need to look at these things as

2428
00:56:19,250 --> 00:56:19,260
like we need to look at these things as
 

2429
00:56:19,260 --> 00:56:22,250
like we need to look at these things as
being almost like probes next question

2430
00:56:22,250 --> 00:56:22,260
being almost like probes next question
 

2431
00:56:22,260 --> 00:56:25,700
being almost like probes next question
Mike Nickerson NHK on yesterday we

2432
00:56:25,700 --> 00:56:25,710
Mike Nickerson NHK on yesterday we
 

2433
00:56:25,710 --> 00:56:26,960
Mike Nickerson NHK on yesterday we
learned that there was a 13-minute

2434
00:56:26,960 --> 00:56:26,970
learned that there was a 13-minute
 

2435
00:56:26,970 --> 00:56:29,060
learned that there was a 13-minute
deviation from the predictive time of

2436
00:56:29,060 --> 00:56:29,070
deviation from the predictive time of
 

2437
00:56:29,070 --> 00:56:31,820
deviation from the predictive time of
the impact of a and do we have specific

2438
00:56:31,820 --> 00:56:31,830
the impact of a and do we have specific
 

2439
00:56:31,830 --> 00:56:34,130
the impact of a and do we have specific
impact times and same sort of the

2440
00:56:34,130 --> 00:56:34,140
impact times and same sort of the
 

2441
00:56:34,140 --> 00:56:37,400
impact times and same sort of the
deviations regarding b c and i guess d

2442
00:56:37,400 --> 00:56:37,410
deviations regarding b c and i guess d
 

2443
00:56:37,410 --> 00:56:43,190
deviations regarding b c and i guess d
now Heidi you've got the the first

2444
00:56:43,190 --> 00:56:43,200
now Heidi you've got the the first
 

2445
00:56:43,200 --> 00:56:44,960
now Heidi you've got the the first
timing that shows the plume coming up

2446
00:56:44,960 --> 00:56:44,970
timing that shows the plume coming up
 

2447
00:56:44,970 --> 00:56:48,980
timing that shows the plume coming up
and it was a 20-18 which was exactly the

2448
00:56:48,980 --> 00:56:48,990
and it was a 20-18 which was exactly the
 

2449
00:56:48,990 --> 00:56:54,110
and it was a 20-18 which was exactly the
time given by the people at Keller Alto

2450
00:56:54,110 --> 00:56:54,120
time given by the people at Keller Alto
 

2451
00:56:54,120 --> 00:56:58,440
time given by the people at Keller Alto
and Spain so the impact probably

2452
00:56:58,440 --> 00:56:58,450
and Spain so the impact probably
 

2453
00:56:58,450 --> 00:57:01,650
and Spain so the impact probably
there's a little bit before that by as

2454
00:57:01,650 --> 00:57:01,660
there's a little bit before that by as
 

2455
00:57:01,660 --> 00:57:05,930
there's a little bit before that by as
much as perhaps three to five minutes I

2456
00:57:05,930 --> 00:57:05,940
much as perhaps three to five minutes I
 

2457
00:57:05,940 --> 00:57:09,060
much as perhaps three to five minutes I
would just that that's the offset no i

2458
00:57:09,060 --> 00:57:09,070
would just that that's the offset no i
 

2459
00:57:09,070 --> 00:57:11,880
would just that that's the offset no i
don't i haven't heard any reports of

2460
00:57:11,880 --> 00:57:11,890
don't i haven't heard any reports of
 

2461
00:57:11,890 --> 00:57:14,910
don't i haven't heard any reports of
accurate timing of the other ones yet so

2462
00:57:14,910 --> 00:57:14,920
accurate timing of the other ones yet so
 

2463
00:57:14,920 --> 00:57:16,410
accurate timing of the other ones yet so
i don't think we know the answer to that

2464
00:57:16,410 --> 00:57:16,420
i don't think we know the answer to that
 

2465
00:57:16,420 --> 00:57:18,540
i don't think we know the answer to that
question as to whether the whole chain

2466
00:57:18,540 --> 00:57:18,550
question as to whether the whole chain
 

2467
00:57:18,550 --> 00:57:21,900
question as to whether the whole chain
is offset by that amount will be working

2468
00:57:21,900 --> 00:57:21,910
is offset by that amount will be working
 

2469
00:57:21,910 --> 00:57:24,089
is offset by that amount will be working
on that throughout the day today to find

2470
00:57:24,089 --> 00:57:24,099
on that throughout the day today to find
 

2471
00:57:24,099 --> 00:57:26,010
on that throughout the day today to find
out information out if we can get

2472
00:57:26,010 --> 00:57:26,020
out information out if we can get
 

2473
00:57:26,020 --> 00:57:28,800
out information out if we can get
reports of the direct radio signals for

2474
00:57:28,800 --> 00:57:28,810
reports of the direct radio signals for
 

2475
00:57:28,810 --> 00:57:31,500
reports of the direct radio signals for
example from ulysses that would probably

2476
00:57:31,500 --> 00:57:31,510
example from ulysses that would probably
 

2477
00:57:31,510 --> 00:57:33,510
example from ulysses that would probably
give us that might give us the most

2478
00:57:33,510 --> 00:57:33,520
give us that might give us the most
 

2479
00:57:33,520 --> 00:57:35,910
give us that might give us the most
precise timing because that Ulysses can

2480
00:57:35,910 --> 00:57:35,920
precise timing because that Ulysses can
 

2481
00:57:35,920 --> 00:57:37,829
precise timing because that Ulysses can
look directly at the impact site at

2482
00:57:37,829 --> 00:57:37,839
look directly at the impact site at
 

2483
00:57:37,839 --> 00:57:40,530
look directly at the impact site at
Short radio radio wavelengths and we

2484
00:57:40,530 --> 00:57:40,540
Short radio radio wavelengths and we
 

2485
00:57:40,540 --> 00:57:42,390
Short radio radio wavelengths and we
might see that that plume should produce

2486
00:57:42,390 --> 00:57:42,400
might see that that plume should produce
 

2487
00:57:42,400 --> 00:57:44,849
might see that that plume should produce
a or even the meteor may produce a radio

2488
00:57:44,849 --> 00:57:44,859
a or even the meteor may produce a radio
 

2489
00:57:44,859 --> 00:57:46,920
a or even the meteor may produce a radio
signal that would give us the exact

2490
00:57:46,920 --> 00:57:46,930
signal that would give us the exact
 

2491
00:57:46,930 --> 00:57:49,109
signal that would give us the exact
impact Hank I also want to ask you about

2492
00:57:49,109 --> 00:57:49,119
impact Hank I also want to ask you about
 

2493
00:57:49,119 --> 00:57:51,030
impact Hank I also want to ask you about
some the other phenomena stat had been

2494
00:57:51,030 --> 00:57:51,040
some the other phenomena stat had been
 

2495
00:57:51,040 --> 00:57:55,260
some the other phenomena stat had been
predicted such as a Nora effect and or

2496
00:57:55,260 --> 00:57:55,270
predicted such as a Nora effect and or
 

2497
00:57:55,270 --> 00:57:56,819
predicted such as a Nora effect and or
reflections off of this some of the

2498
00:57:56,819 --> 00:57:56,829
reflections off of this some of the
 

2499
00:57:56,829 --> 00:57:58,910
reflections off of this some of the
Jovian satellites have any of those been

2500
00:57:58,910 --> 00:57:58,920
Jovian satellites have any of those been
 

2501
00:57:58,920 --> 00:58:02,069
Jovian satellites have any of those been
served no observations are that we've

2502
00:58:02,069 --> 00:58:02,079
served no observations are that we've
 

2503
00:58:02,079 --> 00:58:04,890
served no observations are that we've
gotten yet of reflections off the

2504
00:58:04,890 --> 00:58:04,900
gotten yet of reflections off the
 

2505
00:58:04,900 --> 00:58:08,160
gotten yet of reflections off the
satellites that's that's interesting

2506
00:58:08,160 --> 00:58:08,170
satellites that's that's interesting
 

2507
00:58:08,170 --> 00:58:09,900
satellites that's that's interesting
that we haven't gotten that and yet

2508
00:58:09,900 --> 00:58:09,910
that we haven't gotten that and yet
 

2509
00:58:09,910 --> 00:58:11,520
that we haven't gotten that and yet
we've gotten so many positive things in

2510
00:58:11,520 --> 00:58:11,530
we've gotten so many positive things in
 

2511
00:58:11,530 --> 00:58:13,530
we've gotten so many positive things in
other ever those are hard to get hard to

2512
00:58:13,530 --> 00:58:13,540
other ever those are hard to get hard to
 

2513
00:58:13,540 --> 00:58:15,540
other ever those are hard to get hard to
observe when the satellites are in

2514
00:58:15,540 --> 00:58:15,550
observe when the satellites are in
 

2515
00:58:15,550 --> 00:58:19,230
observe when the satellites are in
sunlight wait for fragment k the

2516
00:58:19,230 --> 00:58:19,240
sunlight wait for fragment k the
 

2517
00:58:19,240 --> 00:58:21,660
sunlight wait for fragment k the
fragment k is going pregnant k is going

2518
00:58:21,660 --> 00:58:21,670
fragment k is going pregnant k is going
 

2519
00:58:21,670 --> 00:58:23,880
fragment k is going pregnant k is going
to impact europa will be in the shadow

2520
00:58:23,880 --> 00:58:23,890
to impact europa will be in the shadow
 

2521
00:58:23,890 --> 00:58:26,010
to impact europa will be in the shadow
of jupiter and that will be a very

2522
00:58:26,010 --> 00:58:26,020
of jupiter and that will be a very
 

2523
00:58:26,020 --> 00:58:28,650
of jupiter and that will be a very
sensitive test then and and the initial

2524
00:58:28,650 --> 00:58:28,660
sensitive test then and and the initial
 

2525
00:58:28,660 --> 00:58:31,020
sensitive test then and and the initial
we should see the flash of the initial

2526
00:58:31,020 --> 00:58:31,030
we should see the flash of the initial
 

2527
00:58:31,030 --> 00:58:33,270
we should see the flash of the initial
entry meteor there we may be able to get

2528
00:58:33,270 --> 00:58:33,280
entry meteor there we may be able to get
 

2529
00:58:33,280 --> 00:58:35,670
entry meteor there we may be able to get
that directly from observations of

2530
00:58:35,670 --> 00:58:35,680
that directly from observations of
 

2531
00:58:35,680 --> 00:58:38,220
that directly from observations of
europa at that time and i believe we're

2532
00:58:38,220 --> 00:58:38,230
europa at that time and i believe we're
 

2533
00:58:38,230 --> 00:58:40,380
europa at that time and i believe we're
getting some ultraviolet images with the

2534
00:58:40,380 --> 00:58:40,390
getting some ultraviolet images with the
 

2535
00:58:40,390 --> 00:58:42,930
getting some ultraviolet images with the
Hubble today and those will be very

2536
00:58:42,930 --> 00:58:42,940
Hubble today and those will be very
 

2537
00:58:42,940 --> 00:58:44,670
Hubble today and those will be very
interesting for studying the Aurora

2538
00:58:44,670 --> 00:58:44,680
interesting for studying the Aurora
 

2539
00:58:44,680 --> 00:58:47,190
interesting for studying the Aurora
hopefully John Clark will be able to

2540
00:58:47,190 --> 00:58:47,200
hopefully John Clark will be able to
 

2541
00:58:47,200 --> 00:58:49,349
hopefully John Clark will be able to
talk about that tomorrow or perhaps the

2542
00:58:49,349 --> 00:58:49,359
talk about that tomorrow or perhaps the
 

2543
00:58:49,359 --> 00:58:54,450
talk about that tomorrow or perhaps the
next day is it that the comet fragment

2544
00:58:54,450 --> 00:58:54,460
next day is it that the comet fragment
 

2545
00:58:54,460 --> 00:58:56,309
next day is it that the comet fragment
encounters from the time it enters the

2546
00:58:56,309 --> 00:58:56,319
encounters from the time it enters the
 

2547
00:58:56,319 --> 00:58:58,130
encounters from the time it enters the
atmosphere down to the

2548
00:58:58,130 --> 00:58:58,140
atmosphere down to the
 

2549
00:58:58,140 --> 00:58:59,870
atmosphere down to the
point where it explodes and what is it

2550
00:58:59,870 --> 00:58:59,880
point where it explodes and what is it
 

2551
00:58:59,880 --> 00:59:04,400
point where it explodes and what is it
that causes it to explode okay the comet

2552
00:59:04,400 --> 00:59:04,410
that causes it to explode okay the comet
 

2553
00:59:04,410 --> 00:59:06,710
that causes it to explode okay the comet
is entering a very tenuous uppermost

2554
00:59:06,710 --> 00:59:06,720
is entering a very tenuous uppermost
 

2555
00:59:06,720 --> 00:59:09,859
is entering a very tenuous uppermost
part of the Jovian atmosphere initially

2556
00:59:09,859 --> 00:59:09,869
part of the Jovian atmosphere initially
 

2557
00:59:09,869 --> 00:59:12,680
part of the Jovian atmosphere initially
and it simply increases a denser and

2558
00:59:12,680 --> 00:59:12,690
and it simply increases a denser and
 

2559
00:59:12,690 --> 00:59:15,079
and it simply increases a denser and
debts or atmosphere as it goes down by

2560
00:59:15,079 --> 00:59:15,089
debts or atmosphere as it goes down by
 

2561
00:59:15,089 --> 00:59:16,940
debts or atmosphere as it goes down by
the time it hits the ammonia cloud tops

2562
00:59:16,940 --> 00:59:16,950
the time it hits the ammonia cloud tops
 

2563
00:59:16,950 --> 00:59:19,430
the time it hits the ammonia cloud tops
it's reached the half bar level another

2564
00:59:19,430 --> 00:59:19,440
it's reached the half bar level another
 

2565
00:59:19,440 --> 00:59:20,870
it's reached the half bar level another
is a pressure about equal to half the

2566
00:59:20,870 --> 00:59:20,880
is a pressure about equal to half the
 

2567
00:59:20,880 --> 00:59:23,809
is a pressure about equal to half the
pressure in this room but it continues

2568
00:59:23,809 --> 00:59:23,819
pressure in this room but it continues
 

2569
00:59:23,819 --> 00:59:26,240
pressure in this room but it continues
for these larger fragments theory

2570
00:59:26,240 --> 00:59:26,250
for these larger fragments theory
 

2571
00:59:26,250 --> 00:59:28,039
for these larger fragments theory
predicted if there are single fragments

2572
00:59:28,039 --> 00:59:28,049
predicted if there are single fragments
 

2573
00:59:28,049 --> 00:59:30,289
predicted if there are single fragments
it will punch right on down and go to

2574
00:59:30,289 --> 00:59:30,299
it will punch right on down and go to
 

2575
00:59:30,299 --> 00:59:33,440
it will punch right on down and go to
the depths of order about ten or several

2576
00:59:33,440 --> 00:59:33,450
the depths of order about ten or several
 

2577
00:59:33,450 --> 00:59:35,990
the depths of order about ten or several
tens of kilometers below the ammonia

2578
00:59:35,990 --> 00:59:36,000
tens of kilometers below the ammonia
 

2579
00:59:36,000 --> 00:59:39,200
tens of kilometers below the ammonia
cloud tops at some point for a given

2580
00:59:39,200 --> 00:59:39,210
cloud tops at some point for a given
 

2581
00:59:39,210 --> 00:59:42,500
cloud tops at some point for a given
size fragment what will happen is the

2582
00:59:42,500 --> 00:59:42,510
size fragment what will happen is the
 

2583
00:59:42,510 --> 00:59:45,259
size fragment what will happen is the
comet is being decelerated by the

2584
00:59:45,259 --> 00:59:45,269
comet is being decelerated by the
 

2585
00:59:45,269 --> 00:59:47,809
comet is being decelerated by the
intense shock the bow shock ahead of it

2586
00:59:47,809 --> 00:59:47,819
intense shock the bow shock ahead of it
 

2587
00:59:47,819 --> 00:59:50,630
intense shock the bow shock ahead of it
and it simply becomes crushed by its own

2588
00:59:50,630 --> 00:59:50,640
and it simply becomes crushed by its own
 

2589
00:59:50,640 --> 00:59:53,180
and it simply becomes crushed by its own
inertia but it's because of that

2590
00:59:53,180 --> 00:59:53,190
inertia but it's because of that
 

2591
00:59:53,190 --> 00:59:55,880
inertia but it's because of that
deceleration in by the shockwave and

2592
00:59:55,880 --> 00:59:55,890
deceleration in by the shockwave and
 

2593
00:59:55,890 --> 00:59:57,769
deceleration in by the shockwave and
when they because when it crushes it

2594
00:59:57,769 --> 00:59:57,779
when they because when it crushes it
 

2595
00:59:57,779 --> 01:00:00,380
when they because when it crushes it
just falls apart it just spreads out and

2596
01:00:00,380 --> 01:00:00,390
just falls apart it just spreads out and
 

2597
01:00:00,390 --> 01:00:02,809
just falls apart it just spreads out and
falls apart and that then presents a

2598
01:00:02,809 --> 01:00:02,819
falls apart and that then presents a
 

2599
01:00:02,819 --> 01:00:06,559
falls apart and that then presents a
very broad area which which again now is

2600
01:00:06,559 --> 01:00:06,569
very broad area which which again now is
 

2601
01:00:06,569 --> 01:00:08,059
very broad area which which again now is
going to stop it very quickly in other

2602
01:00:08,059 --> 01:00:08,069
going to stop it very quickly in other
 

2603
01:00:08,069 --> 01:00:10,039
going to stop it very quickly in other
words it meets much more atmospheric

2604
01:00:10,039 --> 01:00:10,049
words it meets much more atmospheric
 

2605
01:00:10,049 --> 01:00:13,190
words it meets much more atmospheric
resistance and a stop very suddenly so

2606
01:00:13,190 --> 01:00:13,200
resistance and a stop very suddenly so
 

2607
01:00:13,200 --> 01:00:15,859
resistance and a stop very suddenly so
that essentially all of the kinetic

2608
01:00:15,859 --> 01:00:15,869
that essentially all of the kinetic
 

2609
01:00:15,869 --> 01:00:17,809
that essentially all of the kinetic
energy that was in the comet fragment to

2610
01:00:17,809 --> 01:00:17,819
energy that was in the comet fragment to
 

2611
01:00:17,819 --> 01:00:20,089
energy that was in the comet fragment to
begin with is delivered to that

2612
01:00:20,089 --> 01:00:20,099
begin with is delivered to that
 

2613
01:00:20,099 --> 01:00:22,549
begin with is delivered to that
shockwave and a little bit of a course

2614
01:00:22,549 --> 01:00:22,559
shockwave and a little bit of a course
 

2615
01:00:22,559 --> 01:00:24,410
shockwave and a little bit of a course
remains in the comet which itself gets

2616
01:00:24,410 --> 01:00:24,420
remains in the comet which itself gets
 

2617
01:00:24,420 --> 01:00:26,480
remains in the comet which itself gets
heated to tens of thousands of degrees

2618
01:00:26,480 --> 01:00:26,490
heated to tens of thousands of degrees
 

2619
01:00:26,490 --> 01:00:28,970
heated to tens of thousands of degrees
Kelvin as well so it's but it's

2620
01:00:28,970 --> 01:00:28,980
Kelvin as well so it's but it's
 

2621
01:00:28,980 --> 01:00:31,039
Kelvin as well so it's but it's
basically just transferring that initial

2622
01:00:31,039 --> 01:00:31,049
basically just transferring that initial
 

2623
01:00:31,049 --> 01:00:34,220
basically just transferring that initial
kinetic energy into a shockwave and most

2624
01:00:34,220 --> 01:00:34,230
kinetic energy into a shockwave and most
 

2625
01:00:34,230 --> 01:00:37,670
kinetic energy into a shockwave and most
of it but not all ends up at the lower

2626
01:00:37,670 --> 01:00:37,680
of it but not all ends up at the lower
 

2627
01:00:37,680 --> 01:00:39,559
of it but not all ends up at the lower
part where the comet sensually just

2628
01:00:39,559 --> 01:00:39,569
part where the comet sensually just
 

2629
01:00:39,569 --> 01:00:45,109
part where the comet sensually just
comes apart rather suddenly it's below

2630
01:00:45,109 --> 01:00:45,119
comes apart rather suddenly it's below
 

2631
01:00:45,119 --> 01:00:48,279
comes apart rather suddenly it's below
them hope we think it's below them well

2632
01:00:48,279 --> 01:00:48,289
them hope we think it's below them well
 

2633
01:00:48,289 --> 01:00:51,190
them hope we think it's below them well
remember it's still mostly hydrogen

2634
01:00:51,190 --> 01:00:51,200
remember it's still mostly hydrogen
 

2635
01:00:51,200 --> 01:00:53,720
remember it's still mostly hydrogen
ammonia clouds are just a portion of the

2636
01:00:53,720 --> 01:00:53,730
ammonia clouds are just a portion of the
 

2637
01:00:53,730 --> 01:00:55,609
ammonia clouds are just a portion of the
atmosphere but the atmosphere is mainly

2638
01:00:55,609 --> 01:00:55,619
atmosphere but the atmosphere is mainly
 

2639
01:00:55,619 --> 01:01:01,839
atmosphere but the atmosphere is mainly
hydrogen all the way down

2640
01:01:01,839 --> 01:01:01,849

 

2641
01:01:01,849 --> 01:01:04,819

howdy are we are we have to see HST

2642
01:01:04,819 --> 01:01:04,829
howdy are we are we have to see HST
 

2643
01:01:04,829 --> 01:01:07,579
howdy are we are we have to see HST
images of the impact of E today I know

2644
01:01:07,579 --> 01:01:07,589
images of the impact of E today I know
 

2645
01:01:07,589 --> 01:01:09,620
images of the impact of E today I know
there's nothing officially scheduled but

2646
01:01:09,620 --> 01:01:09,630
there's nothing officially scheduled but
 

2647
01:01:09,630 --> 01:01:11,269
there's nothing officially scheduled but
yesterday there was sort of an early

2648
01:01:11,269 --> 01:01:11,279
yesterday there was sort of an early
 

2649
01:01:11,279 --> 01:01:12,829
yesterday there was sort of an early
release and I'm wondering if there's

2650
01:01:12,829 --> 01:01:12,839
release and I'm wondering if there's
 

2651
01:01:12,839 --> 01:01:14,449
release and I'm wondering if there's
some excitement about what you see they

2652
01:01:14,449 --> 01:01:14,459
some excitement about what you see they
 

2653
01:01:14,459 --> 01:01:18,650
some excitement about what you see they
might be released sooner than expected I

2654
01:01:18,650 --> 01:01:18,660
might be released sooner than expected I
 

2655
01:01:18,660 --> 01:01:20,420
might be released sooner than expected I
don't really know the answer to that I

2656
01:01:20,420 --> 01:01:20,430
don't really know the answer to that I
 

2657
01:01:20,430 --> 01:01:21,979
don't really know the answer to that I
think we're not getting our images

2658
01:01:21,979 --> 01:01:21,989
think we're not getting our images
 

2659
01:01:21,989 --> 01:01:23,469
think we're not getting our images
downloaded until later in the afternoon

2660
01:01:23,469 --> 01:01:23,479
downloaded until later in the afternoon
 

2661
01:01:23,479 --> 01:01:25,459
downloaded until later in the afternoon
they're not coming down from the

2662
01:01:25,459 --> 01:01:25,469
they're not coming down from the
 

2663
01:01:25,469 --> 01:01:28,160
they're not coming down from the
spacecraft and so we may just have to

2664
01:01:28,160 --> 01:01:28,170
spacecraft and so we may just have to
 

2665
01:01:28,170 --> 01:01:33,140
spacecraft and so we may just have to
wait till tomorrow tomorrow morning mark

2666
01:01:33,140 --> 01:01:33,150
wait till tomorrow tomorrow morning mark
 

2667
01:01:33,150 --> 01:01:35,420
wait till tomorrow tomorrow morning mark
this marker of the Houston Chronicle

2668
01:01:35,420 --> 01:01:35,430
this marker of the Houston Chronicle
 

2669
01:01:35,430 --> 01:01:38,059
this marker of the Houston Chronicle
could you I know the questions other

2670
01:01:38,059 --> 01:01:38,069
could you I know the questions other
 

2671
01:01:38,069 --> 01:01:40,459
could you I know the questions other
basic but I'm still not sure I

2672
01:01:40,459 --> 01:01:40,469
basic but I'm still not sure I
 

2673
01:01:40,469 --> 01:01:42,499
basic but I'm still not sure I
understand what you've learned about

2674
01:01:42,499 --> 01:01:42,509
understand what you've learned about
 

2675
01:01:42,509 --> 01:01:45,949
understand what you've learned about
what the fragments are made of and in a

2676
01:01:45,949 --> 01:01:45,959
what the fragments are made of and in a
 

2677
01:01:45,959 --> 01:01:49,189
what the fragments are made of and in a
general sense kind of how they're if

2678
01:01:49,189 --> 01:01:49,199
general sense kind of how they're if
 

2679
01:01:49,199 --> 01:01:51,559
general sense kind of how they're if
there if there are multiple pieces how

2680
01:01:51,559 --> 01:01:51,569
there if there are multiple pieces how
 

2681
01:01:51,569 --> 01:01:53,449
there if there are multiple pieces how
they're grouped together and interacting

2682
01:01:53,449 --> 01:01:53,459
they're grouped together and interacting
 

2683
01:01:53,459 --> 01:01:55,670
they're grouped together and interacting
with each other has anything that you've

2684
01:01:55,670 --> 01:01:55,680
with each other has anything that you've
 

2685
01:01:55,680 --> 01:02:01,120
with each other has anything that you've
seen from the impacts help clarify that

2686
01:02:01,120 --> 01:02:01,130

 

2687
01:02:01,130 --> 01:02:05,359

well only the one thing is that when you

2688
01:02:05,359 --> 01:02:05,369
well only the one thing is that when you
 

2689
01:02:05,369 --> 01:02:07,189
well only the one thing is that when you
have pieces that appear to be the same

2690
01:02:07,189 --> 01:02:07,199
have pieces that appear to be the same
 

2691
01:02:07,199 --> 01:02:10,989
have pieces that appear to be the same
size in our Hubble Space Telescope

2692
01:02:10,989 --> 01:02:10,999
size in our Hubble Space Telescope
 

2693
01:02:10,999 --> 01:02:15,499
size in our Hubble Space Telescope
January photograph photograph and a and

2694
01:02:15,499 --> 01:02:15,509
January photograph photograph and a and
 

2695
01:02:15,509 --> 01:02:18,890
January photograph photograph and a and
C come down really really strong and

2696
01:02:18,890 --> 01:02:18,900
C come down really really strong and
 

2697
01:02:18,900 --> 01:02:21,859
C come down really really strong and
then B is really weak the implication is

2698
01:02:21,859 --> 01:02:21,869
then B is really weak the implication is
 

2699
01:02:21,869 --> 01:02:25,569
then B is really weak the implication is
that B is really loosely held together

2700
01:02:25,569 --> 01:02:25,579

 

2701
01:02:25,579 --> 01:02:29,150

what is it that the comet fragment

2702
01:02:29,150 --> 01:02:29,160
what is it that the comet fragment
 

2703
01:02:29,160 --> 01:02:31,009
what is it that the comet fragment
encounters from the time it enters the

2704
01:02:31,009 --> 01:02:31,019
encounters from the time it enters the
 

2705
01:02:31,019 --> 01:02:33,199
encounters from the time it enters the
atmosphere down to the point where it

2706
01:02:33,199 --> 01:02:33,209
atmosphere down to the point where it
 

2707
01:02:33,209 --> 01:02:35,329
atmosphere down to the point where it
explodes and what is it that causes it

2708
01:02:35,329 --> 01:02:35,339
explodes and what is it that causes it
 

2709
01:02:35,339 --> 01:02:39,499
explodes and what is it that causes it
to explode okay the comet is entering

2710
01:02:39,499 --> 01:02:39,509
to explode okay the comet is entering
 

2711
01:02:39,509 --> 01:02:42,140
to explode okay the comet is entering
the very tenuous uppermost part of the

2712
01:02:42,140 --> 01:02:42,150
the very tenuous uppermost part of the
 

2713
01:02:42,150 --> 01:02:45,349
the very tenuous uppermost part of the
Jovian atmosphere initially and it

2714
01:02:45,349 --> 01:02:45,359
Jovian atmosphere initially and it
 

2715
01:02:45,359 --> 01:02:47,569
Jovian atmosphere initially and it
simply increases a denser and debts

2716
01:02:47,569 --> 01:02:47,579
simply increases a denser and debts
 

2717
01:02:47,579 --> 01:02:49,849
simply increases a denser and debts
their atmosphere as it goes down by the

2718
01:02:49,849 --> 01:02:49,859
their atmosphere as it goes down by the
 

2719
01:02:49,859 --> 01:02:52,339
their atmosphere as it goes down by the
time it hits the ammonia cloud tops it's

2720
01:02:52,339 --> 01:02:52,349
time it hits the ammonia cloud tops it's
 

2721
01:02:52,349 --> 01:02:54,079
time it hits the ammonia cloud tops it's
reached the half bar level and oh

2722
01:02:54,079 --> 01:02:54,089
reached the half bar level and oh
 

2723
01:02:54,089 --> 01:02:55,400
reached the half bar level and oh
there's a pressure about equal to half

2724
01:02:55,400 --> 01:02:55,410
there's a pressure about equal to half
 

2725
01:02:55,410 --> 01:02:57,919
there's a pressure about equal to half
the pressure in this room I but it

2726
01:02:57,919 --> 01:02:57,929
the pressure in this room I but it
 

2727
01:02:57,929 --> 01:02:59,919
the pressure in this room I but it
continues for these larger fragments

2728
01:02:59,919 --> 01:02:59,929
continues for these larger fragments
 

2729
01:02:59,929 --> 01:03:02,239
continues for these larger fragments
theory predicted if there are single

2730
01:03:02,239 --> 01:03:02,249
theory predicted if there are single
 

2731
01:03:02,249 --> 01:03:03,949
theory predicted if there are single
fragments it will punch right on down

2732
01:03:03,949 --> 01:03:03,959
fragments it will punch right on down
 

2733
01:03:03,959 --> 01:03:07,009
fragments it will punch right on down
and go to the depths of order about ten

2734
01:03:07,009 --> 01:03:07,019
and go to the depths of order about ten
 

2735
01:03:07,019 --> 01:03:10,309
and go to the depths of order about ten
or several tens of kilometers below the

2736
01:03:10,309 --> 01:03:10,319
or several tens of kilometers below the
 

2737
01:03:10,319 --> 01:03:13,460
or several tens of kilometers below the
ammonia cloud tops at some point

2738
01:03:13,460 --> 01:03:13,470
ammonia cloud tops at some point
 

2739
01:03:13,470 --> 01:03:15,920
ammonia cloud tops at some point
for a given size fragment what will

2740
01:03:15,920 --> 01:03:15,930
for a given size fragment what will
 

2741
01:03:15,930 --> 01:03:19,280
for a given size fragment what will
happen is the comet is being decelerated

2742
01:03:19,280 --> 01:03:19,290
happen is the comet is being decelerated
 

2743
01:03:19,290 --> 01:03:22,250
happen is the comet is being decelerated
by the intense shock the bow shock ahead

2744
01:03:22,250 --> 01:03:22,260
by the intense shock the bow shock ahead
 

2745
01:03:22,260 --> 01:03:24,950
by the intense shock the bow shock ahead
of it and it simply becomes crushed by

2746
01:03:24,950 --> 01:03:24,960
of it and it simply becomes crushed by
 

2747
01:03:24,960 --> 01:03:27,890
of it and it simply becomes crushed by
its own inertia but it's because of that

2748
01:03:27,890 --> 01:03:27,900
its own inertia but it's because of that
 

2749
01:03:27,900 --> 01:03:30,859
its own inertia but it's because of that
deceleration in by the shockwave and

2750
01:03:30,859 --> 01:03:30,869
deceleration in by the shockwave and
 

2751
01:03:30,869 --> 01:03:32,660
deceleration in by the shockwave and
when it because when it crushes it just

2752
01:03:32,660 --> 01:03:32,670
when it because when it crushes it just
 

2753
01:03:32,670 --> 01:03:35,060
when it because when it crushes it just
falls apart it just spreads out and

2754
01:03:35,060 --> 01:03:35,070
falls apart it just spreads out and
 

2755
01:03:35,070 --> 01:03:37,520
falls apart it just spreads out and
falls apart and that then presents a

2756
01:03:37,520 --> 01:03:37,530
falls apart and that then presents a
 

2757
01:03:37,530 --> 01:03:41,270
falls apart and that then presents a
very broad area which which again now is

2758
01:03:41,270 --> 01:03:41,280
very broad area which which again now is
 

2759
01:03:41,280 --> 01:03:42,740
very broad area which which again now is
going to stop it very quickly in other

2760
01:03:42,740 --> 01:03:42,750
going to stop it very quickly in other
 

2761
01:03:42,750 --> 01:03:44,720
going to stop it very quickly in other
words it meets much more atmospheric

2762
01:03:44,720 --> 01:03:44,730
words it meets much more atmospheric
 

2763
01:03:44,730 --> 01:03:47,870
words it meets much more atmospheric
resistance and to stop very suddenly so

2764
01:03:47,870 --> 01:03:47,880
resistance and to stop very suddenly so
 

2765
01:03:47,880 --> 01:03:50,540
resistance and to stop very suddenly so
that essentially all of the kinetic

2766
01:03:50,540 --> 01:03:50,550
that essentially all of the kinetic
 

2767
01:03:50,550 --> 01:03:52,490
that essentially all of the kinetic
energy that was in the comet fragment to

2768
01:03:52,490 --> 01:03:52,500
energy that was in the comet fragment to
 

2769
01:03:52,500 --> 01:03:54,770
energy that was in the comet fragment to
begin with is delivered to that

2770
01:03:54,770 --> 01:03:54,780
begin with is delivered to that
 

2771
01:03:54,780 --> 01:03:57,230
begin with is delivered to that
shockwave and a little bit of a course

2772
01:03:57,230 --> 01:03:57,240
shockwave and a little bit of a course
 

2773
01:03:57,240 --> 01:03:59,120
shockwave and a little bit of a course
remains in the comet which itself gets

2774
01:03:59,120 --> 01:03:59,130
remains in the comet which itself gets
 

2775
01:03:59,130 --> 01:04:01,160
remains in the comet which itself gets
heated to tens of thousands of degrees

2776
01:04:01,160 --> 01:04:01,170
heated to tens of thousands of degrees
 

2777
01:04:01,170 --> 01:04:03,650
heated to tens of thousands of degrees
Kelvin as well so it's but it's

2778
01:04:03,650 --> 01:04:03,660
Kelvin as well so it's but it's
 

2779
01:04:03,660 --> 01:04:05,750
Kelvin as well so it's but it's
basically just transferring that initial

2780
01:04:05,750 --> 01:04:05,760
basically just transferring that initial
 

2781
01:04:05,760 --> 01:04:08,900
basically just transferring that initial
kinetic energy into a shockwave and most

2782
01:04:08,900 --> 01:04:08,910
kinetic energy into a shockwave and most
 

2783
01:04:08,910 --> 01:04:12,349
kinetic energy into a shockwave and most
of it but not all ends up at the lower

2784
01:04:12,349 --> 01:04:12,359
of it but not all ends up at the lower
 

2785
01:04:12,359 --> 01:04:14,240
of it but not all ends up at the lower
part where the comet centrally just

2786
01:04:14,240 --> 01:04:14,250
part where the comet centrally just
 

2787
01:04:14,250 --> 01:04:19,790
part where the comet centrally just
comes apart rather suddenly it's below

2788
01:04:19,790 --> 01:04:19,800
comes apart rather suddenly it's below
 

2789
01:04:19,800 --> 01:04:22,820
comes apart rather suddenly it's below
them hope we think it's below them well

2790
01:04:22,820 --> 01:04:22,830
them hope we think it's below them well
 

2791
01:04:22,830 --> 01:04:24,859
them hope we think it's below them well
well remember it's it's still mostly

2792
01:04:24,859 --> 01:04:24,869
well remember it's it's still mostly
 

2793
01:04:24,869 --> 01:04:27,710
well remember it's it's still mostly
hydrogen ammonia clouds are just a

2794
01:04:27,710 --> 01:04:27,720
hydrogen ammonia clouds are just a
 

2795
01:04:27,720 --> 01:04:29,270
hydrogen ammonia clouds are just a
portion of the atmosphere but the

2796
01:04:29,270 --> 01:04:29,280
portion of the atmosphere but the
 

2797
01:04:29,280 --> 01:04:31,160
portion of the atmosphere but the
atmosphere is mainly hydrogen all the

2798
01:04:31,160 --> 01:04:31,170
atmosphere is mainly hydrogen all the
 

2799
01:04:31,170 --> 01:04:36,859
atmosphere is mainly hydrogen all the
way down

2800
01:04:36,859 --> 01:04:36,869

 

2801
01:04:36,869 --> 01:04:39,499

howdy are we are we have to see HST

2802
01:04:39,499 --> 01:04:39,509
howdy are we are we have to see HST
 

2803
01:04:39,509 --> 01:04:42,259
howdy are we are we have to see HST
images of the impact of E today I know

2804
01:04:42,259 --> 01:04:42,269
images of the impact of E today I know
 

2805
01:04:42,269 --> 01:04:44,299
images of the impact of E today I know
there's nothing officially scheduled but

2806
01:04:44,299 --> 01:04:44,309
there's nothing officially scheduled but
 

2807
01:04:44,309 --> 01:04:45,950
there's nothing officially scheduled but
yesterday there was sort of an early

2808
01:04:45,950 --> 01:04:45,960
yesterday there was sort of an early
 

2809
01:04:45,960 --> 01:04:47,509
yesterday there was sort of an early
release and I'm wondering if there's

2810
01:04:47,509 --> 01:04:47,519
release and I'm wondering if there's
 

2811
01:04:47,519 --> 01:04:49,160
release and I'm wondering if there's
some excitement about what you see they

2812
01:04:49,160 --> 01:04:49,170
some excitement about what you see they
 

2813
01:04:49,170 --> 01:04:52,989
some excitement about what you see they
might be released sooner than expected I

2814
01:04:52,989 --> 01:04:52,999
might be released sooner than expected I
 

2815
01:04:52,999 --> 01:04:55,099
might be released sooner than expected I
don't really know the answer to that I

2816
01:04:55,099 --> 01:04:55,109
don't really know the answer to that I
 

2817
01:04:55,109 --> 01:04:56,660
don't really know the answer to that I
think we're not getting our images

2818
01:04:56,660 --> 01:04:56,670
think we're not getting our images
 

2819
01:04:56,670 --> 01:04:58,150
think we're not getting our images
downloaded until later in the afternoon

2820
01:04:58,150 --> 01:04:58,160
downloaded until later in the afternoon
 

2821
01:04:58,160 --> 01:05:00,140
downloaded until later in the afternoon
they're not coming down from the

2822
01:05:00,140 --> 01:05:00,150
they're not coming down from the
 

2823
01:05:00,150 --> 01:05:02,839
they're not coming down from the
spacecraft and so we may just have to

2824
01:05:02,839 --> 01:05:02,849
spacecraft and so we may just have to
 

2825
01:05:02,849 --> 01:05:08,839
spacecraft and so we may just have to
wait till tomorrow tomorrow morning this

2826
01:05:08,839 --> 01:05:08,849
wait till tomorrow tomorrow morning this
 

2827
01:05:08,849 --> 01:05:11,779
wait till tomorrow tomorrow morning this
marker of Houston Chronicle could you I

2828
01:05:11,779 --> 01:05:11,789
marker of Houston Chronicle could you I
 

2829
01:05:11,789 --> 01:05:13,789
marker of Houston Chronicle could you I
know the questions other basic but I'm

2830
01:05:13,789 --> 01:05:13,799
know the questions other basic but I'm
 

2831
01:05:13,799 --> 01:05:16,640
know the questions other basic but I'm
still not sure I understand what you've

2832
01:05:16,640 --> 01:05:16,650
still not sure I understand what you've
 

2833
01:05:16,650 --> 01:05:18,499
still not sure I understand what you've
learned about what the fragments are

2834
01:05:18,499 --> 01:05:18,509
learned about what the fragments are
 

2835
01:05:18,509 --> 01:05:22,460
learned about what the fragments are
made of and in a general sense kind of

2836
01:05:22,460 --> 01:05:22,470
made of and in a general sense kind of
 

2837
01:05:22,470 --> 01:05:24,890
made of and in a general sense kind of
how they're if there if there are

2838
01:05:24,890 --> 01:05:24,900
how they're if there if there are
 

2839
01:05:24,900 --> 01:05:26,870
how they're if there if there are
multiple pieces how they're grouped

2840
01:05:26,870 --> 01:05:26,880
multiple pieces how they're grouped
 

2841
01:05:26,880 --> 01:05:28,640
multiple pieces how they're grouped
together and interacting with each other

2842
01:05:28,640 --> 01:05:28,650
together and interacting with each other
 

2843
01:05:28,650 --> 01:05:31,220
together and interacting with each other
has anything that you've seen from the

2844
01:05:31,220 --> 01:05:31,230
has anything that you've seen from the
 

2845
01:05:31,230 --> 01:05:38,299
has anything that you've seen from the
impacts help clarify that well only one

2846
01:05:38,299 --> 01:05:38,309
impacts help clarify that well only one
 

2847
01:05:38,309 --> 01:05:40,970
impacts help clarify that well only one
thing is that when you have pieces that

2848
01:05:40,970 --> 01:05:40,980
thing is that when you have pieces that
 

2849
01:05:40,980 --> 01:05:44,539
thing is that when you have pieces that
appear to be the same size in our Hubble

2850
01:05:44,539 --> 01:05:44,549
appear to be the same size in our Hubble
 

2851
01:05:44,549 --> 01:05:48,019
appear to be the same size in our Hubble
Space Telescope January photo photograph

2852
01:05:48,019 --> 01:05:48,029
Space Telescope January photo photograph
 

2853
01:05:48,029 --> 01:05:52,190
Space Telescope January photo photograph
and a and C come down really really

2854
01:05:52,190 --> 01:05:52,200
and a and C come down really really
 

2855
01:05:52,200 --> 01:05:55,700
and a and C come down really really
strong and then B is really weak the

2856
01:05:55,700 --> 01:05:55,710
strong and then B is really weak the
 

2857
01:05:55,710 --> 01:05:57,739
strong and then B is really weak the
implication is that B is really loosely

2858
01:05:57,739 --> 01:05:57,749
implication is that B is really loosely
 

2859
01:05:57,749 --> 01:06:00,079
implication is that B is really loosely
held together and wants to just come

2860
01:06:00,079 --> 01:06:00,089
held together and wants to just come
 

2861
01:06:00,089 --> 01:06:01,880
held together and wants to just come
apart as soon as it starts getting and

2862
01:06:01,880 --> 01:06:01,890
apart as soon as it starts getting and
 

2863
01:06:01,890 --> 01:06:03,970
apart as soon as it starts getting and
interacting with Jupiter's atmosphere

2864
01:06:03,970 --> 01:06:03,980
interacting with Jupiter's atmosphere
 

2865
01:06:03,980 --> 01:06:08,140
interacting with Jupiter's atmosphere
other than that spectroscopy

2866
01:06:08,140 --> 01:06:08,150
other than that spectroscopy
 

2867
01:06:08,150 --> 01:06:10,910
other than that spectroscopy
spectroscopy does it oh wait until we

2868
01:06:10,910 --> 01:06:10,920
spectroscopy does it oh wait until we
 

2869
01:06:10,920 --> 01:06:13,460
spectroscopy does it oh wait until we
get some spectroscopic results from some

2870
01:06:13,460 --> 01:06:13,470
get some spectroscopic results from some
 

2871
01:06:13,470 --> 01:06:14,930
get some spectroscopic results from some
of the ground-based telescopes and the

2872
01:06:14,930 --> 01:06:14,940
of the ground-based telescopes and the
 

2873
01:06:14,940 --> 01:06:17,269
of the ground-based telescopes and the
Hubble Space Telescope and that will

2874
01:06:17,269 --> 01:06:17,279
Hubble Space Telescope and that will
 

2875
01:06:17,279 --> 01:06:20,210
Hubble Space Telescope and that will
give us information about composition of

2876
01:06:20,210 --> 01:06:20,220
give us information about composition of
 

2877
01:06:20,220 --> 01:06:22,420
give us information about composition of
the material that we're seeing and

2878
01:06:22,420 --> 01:06:22,430
the material that we're seeing and
 

2879
01:06:22,430 --> 01:06:25,339
the material that we're seeing and
whether it's Jovian dredged up from

2880
01:06:25,339 --> 01:06:25,349
whether it's Jovian dredged up from
 

2881
01:06:25,349 --> 01:06:28,339
whether it's Jovian dredged up from
below whether it's commentary spilled in

2882
01:06:28,339 --> 01:06:28,349
below whether it's commentary spilled in
 

2883
01:06:28,349 --> 01:06:30,799
below whether it's commentary spilled in
or whether it's some incredible mixture

2884
01:06:30,799 --> 01:06:30,809
or whether it's some incredible mixture
 

2885
01:06:30,809 --> 01:06:32,599
or whether it's some incredible mixture
of the two is going to take a while to

2886
01:06:32,599 --> 01:06:32,609
of the two is going to take a while to
 

2887
01:06:32,609 --> 01:06:34,940
of the two is going to take a while to
sort out but that's one place where we

2888
01:06:34,940 --> 01:06:34,950
sort out but that's one place where we
 

2889
01:06:34,950 --> 01:06:36,259
sort out but that's one place where we
will get some interesting information

2890
01:06:36,259 --> 01:06:36,269
will get some interesting information
 

2891
01:06:36,269 --> 01:06:39,130
will get some interesting information
about the comet the Comets composition

2892
01:06:39,130 --> 01:06:39,140
about the comet the Comets composition
 

2893
01:06:39,140 --> 01:06:42,200
about the comet the Comets composition
so you'll be doing a chemical analysis I

2894
01:06:42,200 --> 01:06:42,210
so you'll be doing a chemical analysis I
 

2895
01:06:42,210 --> 01:06:46,039
so you'll be doing a chemical analysis I
gather but is is this dust ice rocks is

2896
01:06:46,039 --> 01:06:46,049
gather but is is this dust ice rocks is
 

2897
01:06:46,049 --> 01:06:48,260
gather but is is this dust ice rocks is
that still what you think's

2898
01:06:48,260 --> 01:06:48,270
that still what you think's
 

2899
01:06:48,270 --> 01:06:51,200
that still what you think's
there I mean that's what I'm not clear

2900
01:06:51,200 --> 01:06:51,210
there I mean that's what I'm not clear
 

2901
01:06:51,210 --> 01:06:54,470
there I mean that's what I'm not clear
on yeah prevailing party line on comets

2902
01:06:54,470 --> 01:06:54,480
on yeah prevailing party line on comets
 

2903
01:06:54,480 --> 01:06:57,470
on yeah prevailing party line on comets
is it's a mixture of ice and and

2904
01:06:57,470 --> 01:06:57,480
is it's a mixture of ice and and
 

2905
01:06:57,480 --> 01:07:00,740
is it's a mixture of ice and and
silicate rocky particles and now we know

2906
01:07:00,740 --> 01:07:00,750
silicate rocky particles and now we know
 

2907
01:07:00,750 --> 01:07:04,330
silicate rocky particles and now we know
from the observations of halley's comet

2908
01:07:04,330 --> 01:07:04,340
from the observations of halley's comet
 

2909
01:07:04,340 --> 01:07:06,950
from the observations of halley's comet
that there's a fair amount a very

2910
01:07:06,950 --> 01:07:06,960
that there's a fair amount a very
 

2911
01:07:06,960 --> 01:07:09,050
that there's a fair amount a very
complex organic material that are called

2912
01:07:09,050 --> 01:07:09,060
complex organic material that are called
 

2913
01:07:09,060 --> 01:07:11,510
complex organic material that are called
Sean grains they're composed of carbon

2914
01:07:11,510 --> 01:07:11,520
Sean grains they're composed of carbon
 

2915
01:07:11,520 --> 01:07:13,610
Sean grains they're composed of carbon
hydrogen oxygen and nitrogen to some

2916
01:07:13,610 --> 01:07:13,620
hydrogen oxygen and nitrogen to some
 

2917
01:07:13,620 --> 01:07:16,040
hydrogen oxygen and nitrogen to some
kind of it's kind of a tari gunk if you

2918
01:07:16,040 --> 01:07:16,050
kind of it's kind of a tari gunk if you
 

2919
01:07:16,050 --> 01:07:18,590
kind of it's kind of a tari gunk if you
want to think of it that way that was a

2920
01:07:18,590 --> 01:07:18,600
want to think of it that way that was a
 

2921
01:07:18,600 --> 01:07:21,170
want to think of it that way that was a
substantial fraction of the dust that

2922
01:07:21,170 --> 01:07:21,180
substantial fraction of the dust that
 

2923
01:07:21,180 --> 01:07:22,760
substantial fraction of the dust that
was coming off of halle all of thats

2924
01:07:22,760 --> 01:07:22,770
was coming off of halle all of thats
 

2925
01:07:22,770 --> 01:07:26,240
was coming off of halle all of thats
mixed together in some kind of a mud

2926
01:07:26,240 --> 01:07:26,250
mixed together in some kind of a mud
 

2927
01:07:26,250 --> 01:07:27,740
mixed together in some kind of a mud
ball if you want to think of it that way

2928
01:07:27,740 --> 01:07:27,750
ball if you want to think of it that way
 

2929
01:07:27,750 --> 01:07:30,650
ball if you want to think of it that way
an icy mud ball whether it's solid or

2930
01:07:30,650 --> 01:07:30,660
an icy mud ball whether it's solid or
 

2931
01:07:30,660 --> 01:07:32,990
an icy mud ball whether it's solid or
whether it's porous and fluffy those are

2932
01:07:32,990 --> 01:07:33,000
whether it's porous and fluffy those are
 

2933
01:07:33,000 --> 01:07:36,410
whether it's porous and fluffy those are
all $64 questions there's a wide variety

2934
01:07:36,410 --> 01:07:36,420
all $64 questions there's a wide variety
 

2935
01:07:36,420 --> 01:07:39,170
all $64 questions there's a wide variety
of opinion about that and I don't think

2936
01:07:39,170 --> 01:07:39,180
of opinion about that and I don't think
 

2937
01:07:39,180 --> 01:07:41,060
of opinion about that and I don't think
that we can really say yet from what

2938
01:07:41,060 --> 01:07:41,070
that we can really say yet from what
 

2939
01:07:41,070 --> 01:07:43,460
that we can really say yet from what
we're seeing with these impacts we can't

2940
01:07:43,460 --> 01:07:43,470
we're seeing with these impacts we can't
 

2941
01:07:43,470 --> 01:07:45,770
we're seeing with these impacts we can't
shed much light on it I have my I have a

2942
01:07:45,770 --> 01:07:45,780
shed much light on it I have my I have a
 

2943
01:07:45,780 --> 01:07:48,470
shed much light on it I have my I have a
personal prejudice that these things are

2944
01:07:48,470 --> 01:07:48,480
personal prejudice that these things are
 

2945
01:07:48,480 --> 01:07:50,690
personal prejudice that these things are
not all that porous that is to say the

2946
01:07:50,690 --> 01:07:50,700
not all that porous that is to say the
 

2947
01:07:50,700 --> 01:07:52,910
not all that porous that is to say the
pore space might be a few tens of

2948
01:07:52,910 --> 01:07:52,920
pore space might be a few tens of
 

2949
01:07:52,920 --> 01:07:56,120
pore space might be a few tens of
percent but the density of the object is

2950
01:07:56,120 --> 01:07:56,130
percent but the density of the object is
 

2951
01:07:56,130 --> 01:07:58,400
percent but the density of the object is
more or less like the density of a ball

2952
01:07:58,400 --> 01:07:58,410
more or less like the density of a ball
 

2953
01:07:58,410 --> 01:08:02,330
more or less like the density of a ball
of ice we have time for just a couple of

2954
01:08:02,330 --> 01:08:02,340
of ice we have time for just a couple of
 

2955
01:08:02,340 --> 01:08:04,310
of ice we have time for just a couple of
more questions before will lose the

2956
01:08:04,310 --> 01:08:04,320
more questions before will lose the
 

2957
01:08:04,320 --> 01:08:06,020
more questions before will lose the
satellite today and we would like to

2958
01:08:06,020 --> 01:08:06,030
satellite today and we would like to
 

2959
01:08:06,030 --> 01:08:09,350
satellite today and we would like to
replay all the images stills video and

2960
01:08:09,350 --> 01:08:09,360
replay all the images stills video and
 

2961
01:08:09,360 --> 01:08:10,970
replay all the images stills video and
animation that we had available today

2962
01:08:10,970 --> 01:08:10,980
animation that we had available today
 

2963
01:08:10,980 --> 01:08:14,120
animation that we had available today
while we still have the satellite so we

2964
01:08:14,120 --> 01:08:14,130
while we still have the satellite so we
 

2965
01:08:14,130 --> 01:08:15,560
while we still have the satellite so we
will go a couple more questions of

2966
01:08:15,560 --> 01:08:15,570
will go a couple more questions of
 

2967
01:08:15,570 --> 01:08:17,150
will go a couple more questions of
course the people here in the room will

2968
01:08:17,150 --> 01:08:17,160
course the people here in the room will
 

2969
01:08:17,160 --> 01:08:19,039
course the people here in the room will
still have an opportunity to ask a few

2970
01:08:19,039 --> 01:08:19,049
still have an opportunity to ask a few
 

2971
01:08:19,049 --> 01:08:21,200
still have an opportunity to ask a few
more following that but we'll take

2972
01:08:21,200 --> 01:08:21,210
more following that but we'll take
 

2973
01:08:21,210 --> 01:08:25,220
more following that but we'll take
another second row Matt grunts and the

2974
01:08:25,220 --> 01:08:25,230
another second row Matt grunts and the
 

2975
01:08:25,230 --> 01:08:28,640
another second row Matt grunts and the
Dallas Morning News g is 25 times more

2976
01:08:28,640 --> 01:08:28,650
Dallas Morning News g is 25 times more
 

2977
01:08:28,650 --> 01:08:33,320
Dallas Morning News g is 25 times more
massive than a and C do you expect that

2978
01:08:33,320 --> 01:08:33,330
massive than a and C do you expect that
 

2979
01:08:33,330 --> 01:08:36,440
massive than a and C do you expect that
that extra energy will bump you up into

2980
01:08:36,440 --> 01:08:36,450
that extra energy will bump you up into
 

2981
01:08:36,450 --> 01:08:38,329
that extra energy will bump you up into
a different kind of scenario from the

2982
01:08:38,329 --> 01:08:38,339
a different kind of scenario from the
 

2983
01:08:38,339 --> 01:08:39,980
a different kind of scenario from the
fireball one that you've been describing

2984
01:08:39,980 --> 01:08:39,990
fireball one that you've been describing
 

2985
01:08:39,990 --> 01:08:43,990
fireball one that you've been describing
or is it just going to be a bigger boom

2986
01:08:43,990 --> 01:08:44,000

 

2987
01:08:44,000 --> 01:08:46,150

I think we're getting it basically the

2988
01:08:46,150 --> 01:08:46,160
I think we're getting it basically the
 

2989
01:08:46,160 --> 01:08:49,269
I think we're getting it basically the
same phenomenon but a much bigger boom

2990
01:08:49,269 --> 01:08:49,279
same phenomenon but a much bigger boom
 

2991
01:08:49,279 --> 01:08:53,019
same phenomenon but a much bigger boom
now there is the possibility that some

2992
01:08:53,019 --> 01:08:53,029
now there is the possibility that some
 

2993
01:08:53,029 --> 01:08:54,940
now there is the possibility that some
of these much larger objects if they

2994
01:08:54,940 --> 01:08:54,950
of these much larger objects if they
 

2995
01:08:54,950 --> 01:08:58,230
of these much larger objects if they
remain intact can go very much deeper

2996
01:08:58,230 --> 01:08:58,240
remain intact can go very much deeper
 

2997
01:08:58,240 --> 01:09:01,690
remain intact can go very much deeper
into the Jovian atmosphere and so there

2998
01:09:01,690 --> 01:09:01,700
into the Jovian atmosphere and so there
 

2999
01:09:01,700 --> 01:09:03,430
into the Jovian atmosphere and so there
is a possibility that boom may be

3000
01:09:03,430 --> 01:09:03,440
is a possibility that boom may be
 

3001
01:09:03,440 --> 01:09:05,710
is a possibility that boom may be
muffled that not as good an eruptive

3002
01:09:05,710 --> 01:09:05,720
muffled that not as good an eruptive
 

3003
01:09:05,720 --> 01:09:08,200
muffled that not as good an eruptive
plume will come back out so well that

3004
01:09:08,200 --> 01:09:08,210
plume will come back out so well that
 

3005
01:09:08,210 --> 01:09:09,610
plume will come back out so well that
will be very interesting to watch and

3006
01:09:09,610 --> 01:09:09,620
will be very interesting to watch and
 

3007
01:09:09,620 --> 01:09:11,079
will be very interesting to watch and
see but we're certainly delivering that

3008
01:09:11,079 --> 01:09:11,089
see but we're certainly delivering that
 

3009
01:09:11,089 --> 01:09:13,390
see but we're certainly delivering that
much more energy to the planet a better

3010
01:09:13,390 --> 01:09:13,400
much more energy to the planet a better
 

3011
01:09:13,400 --> 01:09:16,120
much more energy to the planet a better
chance for some of these wave phenomena

3012
01:09:16,120 --> 01:09:16,130
chance for some of these wave phenomena
 

3013
01:09:16,130 --> 01:09:17,800
chance for some of these wave phenomena
whether it's an atmospheric waves of the

3014
01:09:17,800 --> 01:09:17,810
whether it's an atmospheric waves of the
 

3015
01:09:17,810 --> 01:09:20,620
whether it's an atmospheric waves of the
seismic waves that gene is sure he sees

3016
01:09:20,620 --> 01:09:20,630
seismic waves that gene is sure he sees
 

3017
01:09:20,630 --> 01:09:24,340
seismic waves that gene is sure he sees
already much more likely that for a

3018
01:09:24,340 --> 01:09:24,350
already much more likely that for a
 

3019
01:09:24,350 --> 01:09:27,160
already much more likely that for a
large body that those effects will be

3020
01:09:27,160 --> 01:09:27,170
large body that those effects will be
 

3021
01:09:27,170 --> 01:09:31,260
large body that those effects will be
visible question in the third row

3022
01:09:31,260 --> 01:09:31,270
visible question in the third row
 

3023
01:09:31,270 --> 01:09:33,940
visible question in the third row
Michael to take TV asahi this is a

3024
01:09:33,940 --> 01:09:33,950
Michael to take TV asahi this is a
 

3025
01:09:33,950 --> 01:09:35,289
Michael to take TV asahi this is a
question for Carolyn shoemaker and

3026
01:09:35,289 --> 01:09:35,299
question for Carolyn shoemaker and
 

3027
01:09:35,299 --> 01:09:39,099
question for Carolyn shoemaker and
rotated lady this shoemaker levy 9 was

3028
01:09:39,099 --> 01:09:39,109
rotated lady this shoemaker levy 9 was
 

3029
01:09:39,109 --> 01:09:41,499
rotated lady this shoemaker levy 9 was
discovering what is essentially very old

3030
01:09:41,499 --> 01:09:41,509
discovering what is essentially very old
 

3031
01:09:41,509 --> 01:09:43,420
discovering what is essentially very old
technology and now it's being observed

3032
01:09:43,420 --> 01:09:43,430
technology and now it's being observed
 

3033
01:09:43,430 --> 01:09:45,970
technology and now it's being observed
with the latest and most expensive of

3034
01:09:45,970 --> 01:09:45,980
with the latest and most expensive of
 

3035
01:09:45,980 --> 01:09:47,440
with the latest and most expensive of
technology if you I'd like to get your

3036
01:09:47,440 --> 01:09:47,450
technology if you I'd like to get your
 

3037
01:09:47,450 --> 01:09:49,900
technology if you I'd like to get your
comments about the way Sciences can be

3038
01:09:49,900 --> 01:09:49,910
comments about the way Sciences can be
 

3039
01:09:49,910 --> 01:09:54,400
comments about the way Sciences can be
done in the way it has been done here ok

3040
01:09:54,400 --> 01:09:54,410
done in the way it has been done here ok
 

3041
01:09:54,410 --> 01:09:57,790
done in the way it has been done here ok
I think that scientists tend to use

3042
01:09:57,790 --> 01:09:57,800
I think that scientists tend to use
 

3043
01:09:57,800 --> 01:10:01,630
I think that scientists tend to use
whatever is available for the funds that

3044
01:10:01,630 --> 01:10:01,640
whatever is available for the funds that
 

3045
01:10:01,640 --> 01:10:05,680
whatever is available for the funds that
they have I think very good technology

3046
01:10:05,680 --> 01:10:05,690
they have I think very good technology
 

3047
01:10:05,690 --> 01:10:10,990
they have I think very good technology
can come out of older methods the

3048
01:10:10,990 --> 01:10:11,000
can come out of older methods the
 

3049
01:10:11,000 --> 01:10:12,940
can come out of older methods the
telescope that we use at palomar

3050
01:10:12,940 --> 01:10:12,950
telescope that we use at palomar
 

3051
01:10:12,950 --> 01:10:16,690
telescope that we use at palomar
observatory's ideal for that purpose for

3052
01:10:16,690 --> 01:10:16,700
observatory's ideal for that purpose for
 

3053
01:10:16,700 --> 01:10:19,540
observatory's ideal for that purpose for
the search of small bodies in the solar

3054
01:10:19,540 --> 01:10:19,550
the search of small bodies in the solar
 

3055
01:10:19,550 --> 01:10:23,050
the search of small bodies in the solar
system because we can cover such a wide

3056
01:10:23,050 --> 01:10:23,060
system because we can cover such a wide
 

3057
01:10:23,060 --> 01:10:28,450
system because we can cover such a wide
area of the sky you could not use a one

3058
01:10:28,450 --> 01:10:28,460
area of the sky you could not use a one
 

3059
01:10:28,460 --> 01:10:31,600
area of the sky you could not use a one
of the beautiful big new telescopes that

3060
01:10:31,600 --> 01:10:31,610
of the beautiful big new telescopes that
 

3061
01:10:31,610 --> 01:10:34,720
of the beautiful big new telescopes that
can look very deep and cover a lot of

3062
01:10:34,720 --> 01:10:34,730
can look very deep and cover a lot of
 

3063
01:10:34,730 --> 01:10:40,090
can look very deep and cover a lot of
sky but I think that we're very

3064
01:10:40,090 --> 01:10:40,100
sky but I think that we're very
 

3065
01:10:40,100 --> 01:10:42,490
sky but I think that we're very
fortunate today to have the advantage of

3066
01:10:42,490 --> 01:10:42,500
fortunate today to have the advantage of
 

3067
01:10:42,500 --> 01:10:45,610
fortunate today to have the advantage of
all the new technology because once you

3068
01:10:45,610 --> 01:10:45,620
all the new technology because once you
 

3069
01:10:45,620 --> 01:10:47,620
all the new technology because once you
find something then you want to look a

3070
01:10:47,620 --> 01:10:47,630
find something then you want to look a
 

3071
01:10:47,630 --> 01:10:50,650
find something then you want to look a
lot deeper if we didn't have the

3072
01:10:50,650 --> 01:10:50,660
lot deeper if we didn't have the
 

3073
01:10:50,660 --> 01:10:52,750
lot deeper if we didn't have the
wonderful telescopes that exist today

3074
01:10:52,750 --> 01:10:52,760
wonderful telescopes that exist today
 

3075
01:10:52,760 --> 01:10:56,680
wonderful telescopes that exist today
and and the new technology we wouldn't

3076
01:10:56,680 --> 01:10:56,690
and and the new technology we wouldn't
 

3077
01:10:56,690 --> 01:10:57,669
and and the new technology we wouldn't
begin to know

3078
01:10:57,669 --> 01:10:57,679
begin to know
 

3079
01:10:57,679 --> 01:11:00,459
begin to know
but this comet is really like and what

3080
01:11:00,459 --> 01:11:00,469
but this comet is really like and what
 

3081
01:11:00,469 --> 01:11:04,810
but this comet is really like and what
it's doing it's it's it's really

3082
01:11:04,810 --> 01:11:04,820
it's doing it's it's it's really
 

3083
01:11:04,820 --> 01:11:08,919
it's doing it's it's it's really
important and valuable to be continually

3084
01:11:08,919 --> 01:11:08,929
important and valuable to be continually
 

3085
01:11:08,929 --> 01:11:11,529
important and valuable to be continually
developing new technology one of the

3086
01:11:11,529 --> 01:11:11,539
developing new technology one of the
 

3087
01:11:11,539 --> 01:11:13,029
developing new technology one of the
things that we always love when we're in

3088
01:11:13,029 --> 01:11:13,039
things that we always love when we're in
 

3089
01:11:13,039 --> 01:11:16,419
things that we always love when we're in
palomar is to watch ourselves observing

3090
01:11:16,419 --> 01:11:16,429
palomar is to watch ourselves observing
 

3091
01:11:16,429 --> 01:11:19,229
palomar is to watch ourselves observing
with Paula Mars first telescope built in

3092
01:11:19,229 --> 01:11:19,239
with Paula Mars first telescope built in
 

3093
01:11:19,239 --> 01:11:23,500
with Paula Mars first telescope built in
1936 designed designed essentially by

3094
01:11:23,500 --> 01:11:23,510
1936 designed designed essentially by
 

3095
01:11:23,510 --> 01:11:26,520
1936 designed designed essentially by
amateur astronomer Russell Porter and

3096
01:11:26,520 --> 01:11:26,530
amateur astronomer Russell Porter and
 

3097
01:11:26,530 --> 01:11:29,679
amateur astronomer Russell Porter and
still in use a telescope that has made

3098
01:11:29,679 --> 01:11:29,689
still in use a telescope that has made
 

3099
01:11:29,689 --> 01:11:31,719
still in use a telescope that has made
more common and supernova discoveries

3100
01:11:31,719 --> 01:11:31,729
more common and supernova discoveries
 

3101
01:11:31,729 --> 01:11:33,129
more common and supernova discoveries
than any other telescope in the world

3102
01:11:33,129 --> 01:11:33,139
than any other telescope in the world
 

3103
01:11:33,139 --> 01:11:37,239
than any other telescope in the world
and it's important to have the new

3104
01:11:37,239 --> 01:11:37,249
and it's important to have the new
 

3105
01:11:37,249 --> 01:11:39,729
and it's important to have the new
technology that is necessary now without

3106
01:11:39,729 --> 01:11:39,739
technology that is necessary now without
 

3107
01:11:39,739 --> 01:11:41,919
technology that is necessary now without
all the new technology we wouldn't be

3108
01:11:41,919 --> 01:11:41,929
all the new technology we wouldn't be
 

3109
01:11:41,929 --> 01:11:43,629
all the new technology we wouldn't be
nearly as excited today we wouldn't be

3110
01:11:43,629 --> 01:11:43,639
nearly as excited today we wouldn't be
 

3111
01:11:43,639 --> 01:11:46,209
nearly as excited today we wouldn't be
excited all the days as we are but I

3112
01:11:46,209 --> 01:11:46,219
excited all the days as we are but I
 

3113
01:11:46,219 --> 01:11:47,589
excited all the days as we are but I
think it's also important not to toss

3114
01:11:47,589 --> 01:11:47,599
think it's also important not to toss
 

3115
01:11:47,599 --> 01:11:50,199
think it's also important not to toss
out the old technology too fast we're

3116
01:11:50,199 --> 01:11:50,209
out the old technology too fast we're
 

3117
01:11:50,209 --> 01:11:52,540
out the old technology too fast we're
seeing how valuable that was and at

3118
01:11:52,540 --> 01:11:52,550
seeing how valuable that was and at
 

3119
01:11:52,550 --> 01:11:54,699
seeing how valuable that was and at
least bringing this comet to everybody's

3120
01:11:54,699 --> 01:11:54,709
least bringing this comet to everybody's
 

3121
01:11:54,709 --> 01:11:59,229
least bringing this comet to everybody's
attention we have time for about one

3122
01:11:59,229 --> 01:11:59,239
attention we have time for about one
 

3123
01:11:59,239 --> 01:12:00,759
attention we have time for about one
more question before we lose to

3124
01:12:00,759 --> 01:12:00,769
more question before we lose to
 

3125
01:12:00,769 --> 01:12:10,419
more question before we lose to
satellite anyone glendon David you said

3126
01:12:10,419 --> 01:12:10,429
satellite anyone glendon David you said
 

3127
01:12:10,429 --> 01:12:12,969
satellite anyone glendon David you said
you're a little bit surprised by by the

3128
01:12:12,969 --> 01:12:12,979
you're a little bit surprised by by the
 

3129
01:12:12,979 --> 01:12:14,979
you're a little bit surprised by by the
idea that people would be able to see

3130
01:12:14,979 --> 01:12:14,989
idea that people would be able to see
 

3131
01:12:14,989 --> 01:12:16,649
idea that people would be able to see
some flashes especially from a big

3132
01:12:16,649 --> 01:12:16,659
some flashes especially from a big
 

3133
01:12:16,659 --> 01:12:19,209
some flashes especially from a big
object that these usually flashes would

3134
01:12:19,209 --> 01:12:19,219
object that these usually flashes would
 

3135
01:12:19,219 --> 01:12:20,919
object that these usually flashes would
come from smaller meteors but I wonder

3136
01:12:20,919 --> 01:12:20,929
come from smaller meteors but I wonder
 

3137
01:12:20,929 --> 01:12:22,779
come from smaller meteors but I wonder
if it's possible artista aren't these

3138
01:12:22,779 --> 01:12:22,789
if it's possible artista aren't these
 

3139
01:12:22,789 --> 01:12:24,969
if it's possible artista aren't these
comet fragments traveling along with a

3140
01:12:24,969 --> 01:12:24,979
comet fragments traveling along with a
 

3141
01:12:24,979 --> 01:12:26,649
comet fragments traveling along with a
lot of other little bitty things that we

3142
01:12:26,649 --> 01:12:26,659
lot of other little bitty things that we
 

3143
01:12:26,659 --> 01:12:29,979
lot of other little bitty things that we
can't really see and I wonder if it's

3144
01:12:29,979 --> 01:12:29,989
can't really see and I wonder if it's
 

3145
01:12:29,989 --> 01:12:31,959
can't really see and I wonder if it's
possible what if these people saw

3146
01:12:31,959 --> 01:12:31,969
possible what if these people saw
 

3147
01:12:31,969 --> 01:12:33,879
possible what if these people saw
something that they were actually much

3148
01:12:33,879 --> 01:12:33,889
something that they were actually much
 

3149
01:12:33,889 --> 01:12:35,919
something that they were actually much
smaller little bits traveling along with

3150
01:12:35,919 --> 01:12:35,929
smaller little bits traveling along with
 

3151
01:12:35,929 --> 01:12:37,330
smaller little bits traveling along with
the main fragments that might have

3152
01:12:37,330 --> 01:12:37,340
the main fragments that might have
 

3153
01:12:37,340 --> 01:12:40,719
the main fragments that might have
produced flashes that's a good treating

3154
01:12:40,719 --> 01:12:40,729
produced flashes that's a good treating
 

3155
01:12:40,729 --> 01:12:43,000
produced flashes that's a good treating
question i don't i don't think so i

3156
01:12:43,000 --> 01:12:43,010
question i don't i don't think so i
 

3157
01:12:43,010 --> 01:12:45,669
question i don't i don't think so i
think a small fragment the only the only

3158
01:12:45,669 --> 01:12:45,679
think a small fragment the only the only
 

3159
01:12:45,679 --> 01:12:47,679
think a small fragment the only the only
way that a small fragment could give a

3160
01:12:47,679 --> 01:12:47,689
way that a small fragment could give a
 

3161
01:12:47,689 --> 01:12:51,640
way that a small fragment could give a
brighter flash is if it exploded so much

3162
01:12:51,640 --> 01:12:51,650
brighter flash is if it exploded so much
 

3163
01:12:51,650 --> 01:12:54,339
brighter flash is if it exploded so much
higher in Jupiter stratosphere that it

3164
01:12:54,339 --> 01:12:54,349
higher in Jupiter stratosphere that it
 

3165
01:12:54,349 --> 01:12:57,489
higher in Jupiter stratosphere that it
was simply visible from the earth

3166
01:12:57,489 --> 01:12:57,499
was simply visible from the earth
 

3167
01:12:57,499 --> 01:13:00,040
was simply visible from the earth
because it was simply so much higher the

3168
01:13:00,040 --> 01:13:00,050
because it was simply so much higher the
 

3169
01:13:00,050 --> 01:13:02,890
because it was simply so much higher the
smaller the fragment is the higher up in

3170
01:13:02,890 --> 01:13:02,900
smaller the fragment is the higher up in
 

3171
01:13:02,900 --> 01:13:04,330
smaller the fragment is the higher up in
Jupiter's atmosphere is likely to

3172
01:13:04,330 --> 01:13:04,340
Jupiter's atmosphere is likely to
 

3173
01:13:04,340 --> 01:13:07,509
Jupiter's atmosphere is likely to
explode my guess is if these visual

3174
01:13:07,509 --> 01:13:07,519
explode my guess is if these visual
 

3175
01:13:07,519 --> 01:13:09,160
explode my guess is if these visual
observations are correct and that is a

3176
01:13:09,160 --> 01:13:09,170
observations are correct and that is a
 

3177
01:13:09,170 --> 01:13:11,109
observations are correct and that is a
huge if

3178
01:13:11,109 --> 01:13:11,119
huge if
 

3179
01:13:11,119 --> 01:13:13,629
huge if
if they're confirmed then my guess is

3180
01:13:13,629 --> 01:13:13,639
if they're confirmed then my guess is
 

3181
01:13:13,639 --> 01:13:16,449
if they're confirmed then my guess is
that they were the main impacting

3182
01:13:16,449 --> 01:13:16,459
that they were the main impacting
 

3183
01:13:16,459 --> 01:13:21,159
that they were the main impacting
fragment of a but can't be sure based on

3184
01:13:21,159 --> 01:13:21,169
fragment of a but can't be sure based on
 

3185
01:13:21,169 --> 01:13:25,540
fragment of a but can't be sure based on
that limited data set we're going to

3186
01:13:25,540 --> 01:13:25,550
that limited data set we're going to
 

3187
01:13:25,550 --> 01:13:28,540
that limited data set we're going to
hold other questions for now what we

3188
01:13:28,540 --> 01:13:28,550
hold other questions for now what we
 

3189
01:13:28,550 --> 01:13:30,520
hold other questions for now what we
would like to do is give the cameramen

3190
01:13:30,520 --> 01:13:30,530
would like to do is give the cameramen
 

3191
01:13:30,530 --> 01:13:33,040
would like to do is give the cameramen
and TV crews an opportunity to reset up

3192
01:13:33,040 --> 01:13:33,050
and TV crews an opportunity to reset up
 

3193
01:13:33,050 --> 01:13:36,250
and TV crews an opportunity to reset up
for a replay of the images and video

3194
01:13:36,250 --> 01:13:36,260
for a replay of the images and video
 

3195
01:13:36,260 --> 01:13:38,799
for a replay of the images and video
animation coming across and in just a

3196
01:13:38,799 --> 01:13:38,809
animation coming across and in just a
 

3197
01:13:38,809 --> 01:13:40,719
animation coming across and in just a
couple of minutes if you need that kind

3198
01:13:40,719 --> 01:13:40,729
couple of minutes if you need that kind
 

3199
01:13:40,729 --> 01:13:44,350
couple of minutes if you need that kind
of time to set up if you're ready to go

3200
01:13:44,350 --> 01:13:44,360
of time to set up if you're ready to go
 

3201
01:13:44,360 --> 01:13:47,139
of time to set up if you're ready to go
which is give a sign and we'll roll the

3202
01:13:47,139 --> 01:13:47,149
which is give a sign and we'll roll the
 

3203
01:13:47,149 --> 01:13:49,359
which is give a sign and we'll roll the
tape whenever you're ready and while

3204
01:13:49,359 --> 01:13:49,369
tape whenever you're ready and while
 

3205
01:13:49,369 --> 01:13:51,129
tape whenever you're ready and while
you're setting up on that just want to

3206
01:13:51,129 --> 01:13:51,139
you're setting up on that just want to
 

3207
01:13:51,139 --> 01:13:54,129
you're setting up on that just want to
make an announcement about our briefing

3208
01:13:54,129 --> 01:13:54,139
make an announcement about our briefing
 

3209
01:13:54,139 --> 01:13:58,330
make an announcement about our briefing
tomorrow to remind everyone the comet

3210
01:13:58,330 --> 01:13:58,340
tomorrow to remind everyone the comet
 

3211
01:13:58,340 --> 01:14:00,879
tomorrow to remind everyone the comet
update tomorrow well we hope have

3212
01:14:00,879 --> 01:14:00,889
update tomorrow well we hope have
 

3213
01:14:00,889 --> 01:14:06,040
update tomorrow well we hope have
information on e f and we may

3214
01:14:06,040 --> 01:14:06,050
information on e f and we may
 

3215
01:14:06,050 --> 01:14:07,810
information on e f and we may
conceivably have some sort of

3216
01:14:07,810 --> 01:14:07,820
conceivably have some sort of
 

3217
01:14:07,820 --> 01:14:10,600
conceivably have some sort of
information on G but I understand that's

3218
01:14:10,600 --> 01:14:10,610
information on G but I understand that's
 

3219
01:14:10,610 --> 01:14:12,819
information on G but I understand that's
that's pushing it for Hubble information

3220
01:14:12,819 --> 01:14:12,829
that's pushing it for Hubble information
 

3221
01:14:12,829 --> 01:14:16,869
that's pushing it for Hubble information
that's very close to the time that the

3222
01:14:16,869 --> 01:14:16,879
that's very close to the time that the
 

3223
01:14:16,879 --> 01:14:18,489
that's very close to the time that the
impact will have occurred so we may only

3224
01:14:18,489 --> 01:14:18,499
impact will have occurred so we may only
 

3225
01:14:18,499 --> 01:14:21,279
impact will have occurred so we may only
just know that it happened but whatever

3226
01:14:21,279 --> 01:14:21,289
just know that it happened but whatever
 

3227
01:14:21,289 --> 01:14:22,989
just know that it happened but whatever
we have at that time of course we will

3228
01:14:22,989 --> 01:14:22,999
we have at that time of course we will
 

3229
01:14:22,999 --> 01:14:25,689
we have at that time of course we will
make available as soon as we can other

3230
01:14:25,689 --> 01:14:25,699
make available as soon as we can other
 

3231
01:14:25,699 --> 01:14:29,709
make available as soon as we can other
observations from I RTF and from Kuiper

3232
01:14:29,709 --> 01:14:29,719
observations from I RTF and from Kuiper
 

3233
01:14:29,719 --> 01:14:31,540
observations from I RTF and from Kuiper
and other observatories of course we

3234
01:14:31,540 --> 01:14:31,550
and other observatories of course we
 

3235
01:14:31,550 --> 01:14:33,009
and other observatories of course we
will try to get that information and put

3236
01:14:33,009 --> 01:14:33,019
will try to get that information and put
 

3237
01:14:33,019 --> 01:14:34,810
will try to get that information and put
it out as soon as we can and have a

3238
01:14:34,810 --> 01:14:34,820
it out as soon as we can and have a
 

3239
01:14:34,820 --> 01:14:36,429
it out as soon as we can and have a
briefing on that tomorrow morning here

3240
01:14:36,429 --> 01:14:36,439
briefing on that tomorrow morning here
 

3241
01:14:36,439 --> 01:14:38,770
briefing on that tomorrow morning here
at Goddard at eight a.m. eastern time

3242
01:14:38,770 --> 01:14:38,780
at Goddard at eight a.m. eastern time
 

3243
01:14:38,780 --> 01:14:42,609
at Goddard at eight a.m. eastern time
and please stay tuned also to us for any

3244
01:14:42,609 --> 01:14:42,619
and please stay tuned also to us for any
 

3245
01:14:42,619 --> 01:14:44,379
and please stay tuned also to us for any
possible time changes or briefing

3246
01:14:44,379 --> 01:14:44,389
possible time changes or briefing
 

3247
01:14:44,389 --> 01:14:46,479
possible time changes or briefing
changes throughout the week if we have

3248
01:14:46,479 --> 01:14:46,489
changes throughout the week if we have
 

3249
01:14:46,489 --> 01:14:49,600
changes throughout the week if we have
an opportunity to include a report

3250
01:14:49,600 --> 01:14:49,610
an opportunity to include a report
 

3251
01:14:49,610 --> 01:14:51,250
an opportunity to include a report
that's more inclusive or has some better

3252
01:14:51,250 --> 01:14:51,260
that's more inclusive or has some better
 

3253
01:14:51,260 --> 01:14:55,359
that's more inclusive or has some better
images we may in fact go to a later time

3254
01:14:55,359 --> 01:14:55,369
images we may in fact go to a later time
 

3255
01:14:55,369 --> 01:14:57,369
images we may in fact go to a later time
in the day if that's necessary we'll put

3256
01:14:57,369 --> 01:14:57,379
in the day if that's necessary we'll put
 

3257
01:14:57,379 --> 01:15:00,549
in the day if that's necessary we'll put
out the word and please check with us

3258
01:15:00,549 --> 01:15:00,559
out the word and please check with us
 

3259
01:15:00,559 --> 01:15:03,689
out the word and please check with us
and we will let everyone know and I

3260
01:15:03,689 --> 01:15:03,699
and we will let everyone know and I
 

3261
01:15:03,699 --> 01:15:07,319
and we will let everyone know and I
think we're ready to roll the video and

3262
01:15:07,319 --> 01:15:07,329
think we're ready to roll the video and
 

3263
01:15:07,329 --> 01:15:09,429
think we're ready to roll the video and
at that point i think would like to

3264
01:15:09,429 --> 01:15:09,439
at that point i think would like to
 

3265
01:15:09,439 --> 01:15:11,679
at that point i think would like to
thank everyone for coming today and we

3266
01:15:11,679 --> 01:15:11,689
thank everyone for coming today and we
 

3267
01:15:11,689 --> 01:15:13,359
thank everyone for coming today and we
will see you tomorrow morning and Thank

3268
01:15:13,359 --> 01:15:13,369
will see you tomorrow morning and Thank
 

3269
01:15:13,369 --> 01:16:19,540
will see you tomorrow morning and Thank
You panelists

3270
01:16:19,540 --> 01:16:19,550

 

3271
01:16:19,550 --> 01:16:51,260

you

3272
01:16:51,260 --> 01:16:51,270

 

3273
01:16:51,270 --> 01:16:55,979

when the second impact was due and we

3274
01:16:55,979 --> 01:16:55,989
when the second impact was due and we
 

3275
01:16:55,989 --> 01:16:57,240
when the second impact was due and we
thought a distinct signature of the

3276
01:16:57,240 --> 01:16:57,250
thought a distinct signature of the
 

3277
01:16:57,250 --> 01:17:01,050
thought a distinct signature of the
plume of one of the other one the

3278
01:17:01,050 --> 01:17:01,060
plume of one of the other one the
 

3279
01:17:01,060 --> 01:17:05,340
plume of one of the other one the
impacts and then subsequent images show

3280
01:17:05,340 --> 01:17:05,350
impacts and then subsequent images show
 

3281
01:17:05,350 --> 01:17:08,160
impacts and then subsequent images show
very bright features on the surface of

3282
01:17:08,160 --> 01:17:08,170
very bright features on the surface of
 

3283
01:17:08,170 --> 01:17:13,169
very bright features on the surface of
Jupiter at the impact sites incredibly

3284
01:17:13,169 --> 01:17:13,179
Jupiter at the impact sites incredibly
 

3285
01:17:13,179 --> 01:17:15,930
Jupiter at the impact sites incredibly
bright very clear the very spectacular

3286
01:17:15,930 --> 01:17:15,940
bright very clear the very spectacular
 

3287
01:17:15,940 --> 01:17:19,010
bright very clear the very spectacular
event one of the things that that

3288
01:17:19,010 --> 01:17:19,020
event one of the things that that
 

3289
01:17:19,020 --> 01:17:21,120
event one of the things that that
surprises is just how bright these

3290
01:17:21,120 --> 01:17:21,130
surprises is just how bright these
 

3291
01:17:21,130 --> 01:17:23,550
surprises is just how bright these
events are and so the thing that the

3292
01:17:23,550 --> 01:17:23,560
events are and so the thing that the
 

3293
01:17:23,560 --> 01:17:25,530
events are and so the thing that the
cake the advantage of the check has is

3294
01:17:25,530 --> 01:17:25,540
cake the advantage of the check has is
 

3295
01:17:25,540 --> 01:17:27,840
cake the advantage of the check has is
that can see much fainter things going

3296
01:17:27,840 --> 01:17:27,850
that can see much fainter things going
 

3297
01:17:27,850 --> 01:17:29,850
that can see much fainter things going
on and particular one of the experiments

3298
01:17:29,850 --> 01:17:29,860
on and particular one of the experiments
 

3299
01:17:29,860 --> 01:17:32,640
on and particular one of the experiments
that we did this evening that will take

3300
01:17:32,640 --> 01:17:32,650
that we did this evening that will take
 

3301
01:17:32,650 --> 01:17:34,760
that we did this evening that will take
some more time to analyze was looking at

3302
01:17:34,760 --> 01:17:34,770
some more time to analyze was looking at
 

3303
01:17:34,770 --> 01:17:38,490
some more time to analyze was looking at
jupiters ring and that has the advantage

3304
01:17:38,490 --> 01:17:38,500
jupiters ring and that has the advantage
 

3305
01:17:38,500 --> 01:17:40,649
jupiters ring and that has the advantage
is that by looking at reflected light

3306
01:17:40,649 --> 01:17:40,659
is that by looking at reflected light
 

3307
01:17:40,659 --> 01:17:43,200
is that by looking at reflected light
off the ring we can in a sense view the

3308
01:17:43,200 --> 01:17:43,210
off the ring we can in a sense view the
 

3309
01:17:43,210 --> 01:17:45,390
off the ring we can in a sense view the
impacts ice directly so hopefully when

3310
01:17:45,390 --> 01:17:45,400
impacts ice directly so hopefully when
 

3311
01:17:45,400 --> 01:17:48,180
impacts ice directly so hopefully when
we look at that data carefully we will

3312
01:17:48,180 --> 01:17:48,190
we look at that data carefully we will
 

3313
01:17:48,190 --> 01:17:50,820
we look at that data carefully we will
see the initial flash when the comet

3314
01:17:50,820 --> 01:17:50,830
see the initial flash when the comet
 

3315
01:17:50,830 --> 01:18:01,930
see the initial flash when the comet
fragment head jupiter

3316
01:18:01,930 --> 01:18:01,940

 

3317
01:18:01,940 --> 01:18:05,920

the image that you're looking at is a

3318
01:18:05,920 --> 01:18:05,930
the image that you're looking at is a
 

3319
01:18:05,930 --> 01:18:08,740
the image that you're looking at is a
picture from the Keck telescope it's an

3320
01:18:08,740 --> 01:18:08,750
picture from the Keck telescope it's an
 

3321
01:18:08,750 --> 01:18:10,840
picture from the Keck telescope it's an
infrared picture at the wavelength of

3322
01:18:10,840 --> 01:18:10,850
infrared picture at the wavelength of
 

3323
01:18:10,850 --> 01:18:13,720
infrared picture at the wavelength of
3.3 microns which is about six times the

3324
01:18:13,720 --> 01:18:13,730
3.3 microns which is about six times the
 

3325
01:18:13,730 --> 01:18:17,170
3.3 microns which is about six times the
wavelength of visible light the features

3326
01:18:17,170 --> 01:18:17,180
wavelength of visible light the features
 

3327
01:18:17,180 --> 01:18:19,420
wavelength of visible light the features
that you see are the bright polar caps

3328
01:18:19,420 --> 01:18:19,430
that you see are the bright polar caps
 

3329
01:18:19,430 --> 01:18:22,810
that you see are the bright polar caps
which are always present and just as the

3330
01:18:22,810 --> 01:18:22,820
which are always present and just as the
 

3331
01:18:22,820 --> 01:18:25,630
which are always present and just as the
equator is the storm system in the red

3332
01:18:25,630 --> 01:18:25,640
equator is the storm system in the red
 

3333
01:18:25,640 --> 01:18:30,910
equator is the storm system in the red
spot but five thousand forty degrees is

3334
01:18:30,910 --> 01:18:30,920
spot but five thousand forty degrees is
 

3335
01:18:30,920 --> 01:18:32,950
spot but five thousand forty degrees is
our most prominent features which are

3336
01:18:32,950 --> 01:18:32,960
our most prominent features which are
 

3337
01:18:32,960 --> 01:18:35,080
our most prominent features which are
the aftermath of the comet impacts that

3338
01:18:35,080 --> 01:18:35,090
the aftermath of the comet impacts that
 

3339
01:18:35,090 --> 01:18:37,240
the aftermath of the comet impacts that
occur in early this evening the

3340
01:18:37,240 --> 01:18:37,250
occur in early this evening the
 

3341
01:18:37,250 --> 01:18:38,860
occur in early this evening the
brightest spot is the very first impact

3342
01:18:38,860 --> 01:18:38,870
brightest spot is the very first impact
 

3343
01:18:38,870 --> 01:18:42,130
brightest spot is the very first impact
the one at the end on the left-hand edge

3344
01:18:42,130 --> 01:18:42,140
the one at the end on the left-hand edge
 

3345
01:18:42,140 --> 01:19:10,300
the one at the end on the left-hand edge
is the impacted impact number see

3346
01:19:10,300 --> 01:19:10,310

 

3347
01:19:10,310 --> 01:19:14,470

how it very clearly had produced the new

3348
01:19:14,470 --> 01:19:14,480
how it very clearly had produced the new
 

3349
01:19:14,480 --> 01:19:18,850
how it very clearly had produced the new
cloud which was quite long when we

3350
01:19:18,850 --> 01:19:18,860
cloud which was quite long when we
 

3351
01:19:18,860 --> 01:19:22,420
cloud which was quite long when we
observed the plume from C was clearly at

3352
01:19:22,420 --> 01:19:22,430
observed the plume from C was clearly at
 

3353
01:19:22,430 --> 01:19:24,940
observed the plume from C was clearly at
the same latitude but at first very

3354
01:19:24,940 --> 01:19:24,950
the same latitude but at first very
 

3355
01:19:24,950 --> 01:19:27,130
the same latitude but at first very
difficult to distinguish from the the

3356
01:19:27,130 --> 01:19:27,140
difficult to distinguish from the the
 

3357
01:19:27,140 --> 01:19:30,430
difficult to distinguish from the the
cloud of a and as the planet rotated and

3358
01:19:30,430 --> 01:19:30,440
cloud of a and as the planet rotated and
 

3359
01:19:30,440 --> 01:19:33,460
cloud of a and as the planet rotated and
time passed the plume from sea became

3360
01:19:33,460 --> 01:19:33,470
time passed the plume from sea became
 

3361
01:19:33,470 --> 01:19:35,890
time passed the plume from sea became
very much brighter several times

3362
01:19:35,890 --> 01:19:35,900
very much brighter several times
 

3363
01:19:35,900 --> 01:19:38,710
very much brighter several times
brighter than that cloud the cloud from

3364
01:19:38,710 --> 01:19:38,720
brighter than that cloud the cloud from
 

3365
01:19:38,720 --> 01:19:40,240
brighter than that cloud the cloud from
the a fragment turned out to be about

3366
01:19:40,240 --> 01:19:40,250
the a fragment turned out to be about
 

3367
01:19:40,250 --> 01:19:43,720
the a fragment turned out to be about
the same brightness as the north and

3368
01:19:43,720 --> 01:19:43,730
the same brightness as the north and
 

3369
01:19:43,730 --> 01:19:48,940
the same brightness as the north and
south polar caps I'm very ecstatic about

3370
01:19:48,940 --> 01:19:48,950
south polar caps I'm very ecstatic about
 

3371
01:19:48,950 --> 01:19:51,610
south polar caps I'm very ecstatic about
any of this witnessing this is kind of

3372
01:19:51,610 --> 01:19:51,620
any of this witnessing this is kind of
 

3373
01:19:51,620 --> 01:19:53,650
any of this witnessing this is kind of
amazing and what what's amazing about

3374
01:19:53,650 --> 01:19:53,660
amazing and what what's amazing about
 

3375
01:19:53,660 --> 01:19:56,800
amazing and what what's amazing about
both of these is the fact that B and C

3376
01:19:56,800 --> 01:19:56,810
both of these is the fact that B and C
 

3377
01:19:56,810 --> 01:19:58,710
both of these is the fact that B and C
are both brothers faint objects

3378
01:19:58,710 --> 01:19:58,720
are both brothers faint objects
 

3379
01:19:58,720 --> 01:20:00,970
are both brothers faint objects
certainly in the turbulent drops in the

3380
01:20:00,970 --> 01:20:00,980
certainly in the turbulent drops in the
 

3381
01:20:00,980 --> 01:20:04,780
certainly in the turbulent drops in the
near infrared so f and g are known to be

3382
01:20:04,780 --> 01:20:04,790
near infrared so f and g are known to be
 

3383
01:20:04,790 --> 01:20:07,480
near infrared so f and g are known to be
much bigger much brighter and therefore

3384
01:20:07,480 --> 01:20:07,490
much bigger much brighter and therefore
 

3385
01:20:07,490 --> 01:20:09,220
much bigger much brighter and therefore
expect the mirror as they're both much

3386
01:20:09,220 --> 01:20:09,230
expect the mirror as they're both much
 

3387
01:20:09,230 --> 01:20:11,290
expect the mirror as they're both much
betta spriters biggest objects than a

3388
01:20:11,290 --> 01:20:11,300
betta spriters biggest objects than a
 

3389
01:20:11,300 --> 01:20:50,959
betta spriters biggest objects than a
and so this is going to be a real show

3390
01:20:50,959 --> 01:20:50,969

 

3391
01:20:50,969 --> 01:20:55,469

so it's movie night we're looking for

3392
01:20:55,469 --> 01:20:55,479
so it's movie night we're looking for
 

3393
01:20:55,479 --> 01:20:59,129
so it's movie night we're looking for
something much i'm going to do that yeah

3394
01:20:59,129 --> 01:20:59,139
something much i'm going to do that yeah
 

3395
01:20:59,139 --> 01:21:01,350
something much i'm going to do that yeah
this is the latitude that we're looking

3396
01:21:01,350 --> 01:21:01,360
this is the latitude that we're looking
 

3397
01:21:01,360 --> 01:22:28,810
this is the latitude that we're looking
for something right there

3398
01:22:28,810 --> 01:22:28,820

 

3399
01:22:28,820 --> 01:22:30,880

you